Environmental Health and Public health Nursing 67 Questions with Verified Answers
All that is external to the human host with which the hos is in
... [Show More] constant interaction: - CORRECT ANSWER Environment
What does a built environment refer to? - CORRECT ANSWER Refers to buildings and community spaces created by humans that influence health behaviors and health outcome
What are problems with overcrowding? - CORRECT ANSWER Diseases are transmitted rapidly
More pollution
Higher stress levels
Why do trees help our environment? - CORRECT ANSWER Tress deposit O2 into our air and cleans the air of carbon monoxide
What is the problem with clearing the land? - CORRECT ANSWER A decrease in trees lead to more pollution
What is the second leading cause of lung cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER Radon
Where is Radon found? - CORRECT ANSWER Major concern in Kentucky; found in homes
-Home buyers have the right to make seller check for high level of radon
-You can buy a radon detection kit
What is a common source of carbon monoxide in homes? - CORRECT ANSWER Gas heaters
What are s/s of carbon monoxide poisoning? - CORRECT ANSWER N/V
Fatigue
What is recommended to help monitor carbon monoxide levels? - CORRECT ANSWER Monitors that you can place in your home that will help detect high levels of carbon monoxide
When and where is lead poisoning more common? - CORRECT ANSWER In young children; in old houses built before 1978 related to lead in the paint
What affect does lead have on us? - CORRECT ANSWER It is neurotoxic; it 1st affects them cognitively that later symptoms are seen on the neuro development of children
When talking about cooking vapors, it is important to to assess what? - CORRECT ANSWER Assess ventilation; concerned about gas stoves
What is volatile organic compound found (VOC)? - CORRECT ANSWER Found in new furniture, new carpet, paint, glues, and cleaning supplies
Long term exposure to VOC can lead to what? - CORRECT ANSWER Asthma
What are recommendations for people who are affected by VOC when getting new carpet or furniture? - CORRECT ANSWER Move out of the house for a little while
-Only buy used furniture
Sick building syndrome causes what type of symptoms? - CORRECT ANSWER Headache
Fatigue
Exacerbation of allergies
These symptoms of sick building syndrome often result from what? - CORRECT ANSWER Poor ventilation and building operations, hazardous building materials, furniture and carpeting substances, and cleaning agents
Who are we concerned about with anthrax exposure? - CORRECT ANSWER Worried about farmers and vets who work closely with cattle and sheep because they are carriers of anthrax.
What is recommended for workers working with cattle and sheep? - CORRECT ANSWER Get vaccinated for anthrax
What are examples of work-related exposures? - CORRECT ANSWER Chemical exposures
Physical hazards
Exposure to physical agents
Particulate inhalation
Toxic gases and vapors
Heavy metal poisoning
Biological agents
What is the highest cause of nursing injuries? - CORRECT ANSWER Musculoskeletal injuries
What are other work-related hazardous exposures among nurses? - CORRECT ANSWER Chemical: Disinfectants and sterilizing chemicals, medications (antiretroviral and chemotherapeutic agents)
Physical: Musculoskeletal and needle stick injuries
Particulate inhalation: Chemotherapeutic agents and anesthetic gases
Heavy Metal Poisoning: mercury
Biological agents
What is important to note about medication to hep prevent hazardous exposures? - CORRECT ANSWER Always know the drug you are using, the appropriate way to administer and potential risks/how you can be exposed
If you are exposed to chemicals of product, what can you reference to know how to properly handle your exposure? - CORRECT ANSWER Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
Material Safety Data Sheet provides information on what things? - CORRECT ANSWER Product physical and chemical properties
Health hazard info include short and long term exposure effects
Permissible exposure limits and symptoms of overexposure
A description of how to safely handle the substance under normal and emergency situations
A description of what first aid and medical treatment is appropriate if excessively exposed
What is the greenhouse effect? - CORRECT ANSWER A rise in temp due to increase in carbon dioxide (CO) and other gases in air that trap sun's energy
The greenhouse effect is caused by what? - CORRECT ANSWER An increase in human emission of CO and a decreased consumption of CO secondary to deforestation
Most radiation from the sun is filtered out by what? - CORRECT ANSWER The ozone layer
Ozone depletion - CORRECT ANSWER Depletion in ozone layer in earth's stratosphere; this increases exposure to the sun
Due to ozone depletion, what is seen in certain parts of the world? - CORRECT ANSWER All kids at school must wear sun screen and hats
Ozone depletion leads to an increase in what? - CORRECT ANSWER Melanoma
What is ozone depletion caused by? - CORRECT ANSWER Chloroflourocarbons emissions from refrigerants, aerosols, and air conditioners
What is smog caused by? - CORRECT ANSWER Caused by sunlight interacting with air pollutants, particularly ground level ozone and VOC
Ground level ozone originated from what? - CORRECT ANSWER Vehicle CO emission
You can recommend for what type of patients to look are the air quality index? - CORRECT ANSWER Patients with asthma; if the air quality is bad for the day, you may want to stay inside if you have asthma
When looking at UK index forecast, you see that their is a high UV index. What action may you wan to take? - CORRECT ANSWER Put sunscreen on
Is it easy or hard for us to clean medication out of our water system? How does medication get in our water system? - CORRECT ANSWER Hard; Meds get into the system through flushing them down the toilet or from our bodily fluids after taking the medications
What type of poisoning is seen in fish? - CORRECT ANSWER Mercury poisoning; limit fish intake to 3 portions a week
What patient must be extremely cautious with their fish intake? - CORRECT ANSWER Pregnant women
What are routes of transmission for waterborne illnesses? - CORRECT ANSWER Ingestion
Dermal contact
Inhalation
When are waterborne illness most common? - CORRECT ANSWER In the summer months
What is the annual water quality report? - CORRECT ANSWER Consumer Confidence Report
What does the consumer confidence report tell you? - CORRECT ANSWER Provides information on local drinking water quality
What are major concerns with food safety? - CORRECT ANSWER Contamination by herbicided, pesticides, or microbial
Food additives
Antibiotic overuse
Genetic modified foods
Increasing food allergies
Transportation, storage, handling, and preperation
What is the problem in relation to antibiotic overuse? - CORRECT ANSWER Our meats are containing traces of antibiotics due to the animals being treated with antibiotics
What are the largest proportion of foodborne disease caused by? - CORRECT ANSWER Growth of bacteria/toxin formation due to preparing food several hours prior to consumption and storing at improper temperatures
Insufficient cooking or reheating food
Cross contamination
Poor personal hygiene handling the food
Communities with little to no access to healthy foods: - CORRECT ANSWER Food deserts
What are the four golden rules of food safety? - CORRECT ANSWER Clean
Separate
Cook
Chill
It is important to use what when cooking meats? - CORRECT ANSWER Thermometer
What is the problem seen today with non biodegradable plastics? - CORRECT ANSWER The plastic is being emptied into the ocean; the sun is digesting the plastic and then fish is eating it ultimately leading to use consuming plastic through the fish we are eating
What are major concerns in relation to waste management? - CORRECT ANSWER Non biodegradable plastics
Inefficient recycling programs
Unlicensed waste dumps
Inadequate sewage systems for growing populations
Unsafe or illicit dumping of industrial toxins
Exportation of radioactive medical waste
Non-enforcement of environmental regulations
What are different exposures to sources? - CORRECT ANSWER Air, water, soil, and food
What are the different pathways to exposure? - CORRECT ANSWER ingestion, inhalation, or dermal absorption
Is Radon considered acute, chronic, or latent? - CORRECT ANSWER Chronic exposure
What are different aspects to assess? - CORRECT ANSWER Agent
Exposure
Host susceptibility
Health effect
What type of exposure leads to neurotoxicity? - CORRECT ANSWER Mercury exposure
What is included in the diagnoses? - CORRECT ANSWER Health effect or associated risk
Population
Related environmental factors
What is included in the plan/implement part of the nursing process? - CORRECT ANSWER Stabilize
Reduce/Eliminate Exposure
Provide immediate treatment
Ongoing intervention
Public health reporting
Take a critical approach
How can you reduce/eliminate exposure? - CORRECT ANSWER Initiate protective measures
Remove person from environment
Decontaminate persons affected
Remove substance from environment
Eliminate/control ongoing exposure
What are the different ways to render substance harmless? - CORRECT ANSWER Eliminate the agent
Reverse the effect
Block the absorption
Initial intervention is generally based on what? - CORRECT ANSWER Generally based on route of exposure and agent effects
How do you treat someone who is asymptomatic but has possibly been exposed to the agent? - CORRECT ANSWER Treat them through observation
What do nurses play a huge role in with ongoing interventions? - CORRECT ANSWER Monitoring long-term consequences
Prevent continuing exposure
Educate
What is a source of asbestosis? - CORRECT ANSWER Insulation in elementary schools
What must be reported in the state of Kentucky? - CORRECT ANSWER Lead
Asbestosis
Coal Worker's Pneumonoconiosis
Silicosis
How can you take a critical approach? - CORRECT ANSWER Ask critical questions
Take a stand
Advocate for change
Facilitate community involvement
Form coalitions
Use collective strategies [Show Less]