PA readiness screening - correct answer Although becoming PA is very safe for most people and yields many health benefits it is important to screen new
... [Show More] clients to identify those who may need more thorough evaluation before doing a fitness assessment or becoming much more physically active. The screening process also provides an opportunity for the ET to begin to gain insights on the clients motivations, aspirations, readiness for change and knowledge of PA, fitness and health.
No alcohol or vigorous exercise - 6 hrs
No smoking, caffeine or a heavy meal - 2 hrs
ASK - correct answer 1. Discovery questions
2. Welcome letter
3. AAL-Q (Abilities for active living questionnaire)
4. PAR-Q+
5. PASB-Q (Physical Activity Sedentary Behaviour Questionnaire)
6. FANTASTIC lifestyle checklist
7. PARMED-X for pregnancy
8. Informed consent
* physician physical activity readiness clearance
Resting HR - correct answer HR is the number if times the heart beats (or contracts) usually recorded in beats per minutes (bpm). Resting Hr is considered an indicator of cardiorespiratory (or aerobic) fitness because it tend to lower for those who are more aerobically fit. RHR is influenced by certain medication and nervousness about the assessment.
Resting HR instructions - correct answer 1. Sit and rest with their feet flat on the floor and arms on the chair rests for at least 5 minutes
2. Place the diaphragm on the sternum or over the second intercostal space
3. Manually palpating the radial artery using the index and middle fingers just distal to the thumb
4. Carotid artery between the larynx and the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and at the level of the cricoid cartilage
5. Use a 15 second count (multiply by 4 to get beats per minute)
6. If the RHR is >99 bpm ask your client to sit quietly for an additional five minutes and then repeat
Resting BP - correct answer Blood pressure is the force of blood against the walls of the arteries created by the heart as it pumps blood to all parts of the body. Measured at the brachial artery and expressed in unites of mmHg.
Systolic BP is the max pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts during a heart beat.
Diastolic BP is the minimum pressure in the arteries when the heart relaxes.
This is the final check to ensure a client is ready to undertake the PA portions of the assessment.
Resting BP instruction - correct answer 1. Sit and rest with their feet flat on the floor and arms on the chair rests for at least 5 minutes
2. Put the cuff on the left upper arm 2-3 cm above the antecubital space (bend of the elbow) with the lower edge of the cuff level with the heart.
3. Have the cuff snug so that 2 fingers can be slipped under the top edge of the cuff.
4. May be beneficial to palpate a brachial pulse with your fingers prior to applying or pumping the cuff.
5. While taking the radial pulse with one hand rapidly inflate the cuff until 30-40 mmHg above the point where the radial pressure is no longer palpable
6. Position the stethoscope diaphragm over the brachial artery applying minimal pressure (in complete contact with the skin) and not touching the cuff or tubing.
7. Release the cuff at 2 mmHg/sec
8. The SBP is the first Korotkoff sound
- At this point some blood is able to pass through the arm when the pressure in the artery rises during systole. The blood flows in spurts as the pressure in the artery rises above the pressure in the cuff, resulting in turbulence that produces an audible sound.
9. Keep releasing
- Thumping sounds continue to be heard as long as the pressure in the cuff is between the systolic and diastolic pressure
10. The DBP is determined when the sounds cease to be tapping and become fully muted or muffled (fourth/fifth Korotkoff sound)
- This is occurs when the pressure drops below diastolic pressure (the cuff no longer provides any restriction allowing the blood to flow to become smooth again with no turbulence)
* If the BP is >144/94 mmHg wait 5 minutes and then repeat - record to the nearest 2mmHg
Body composition assessment - correct answer Assessing body weight and body fat distribution is as important as excess body fat (particularly around the abdomen) signals increase risks of a variety of health problems including Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, coronary artery disease, stroke, osteoarthritis and some forms of cancer.
BMI - correct answer Indirect measure of body fatness correlated with health risks. Does not distinguish between fat mass and fat free mass and provides no information on the distribution of body fat.
Correlation between BMI and body fatness can vary for gender and age (at the same BMI women tend to have more body fat and older people have higher body fat than younger, trained athletes have higher BMI because of muscularity rather than body fatness) [Show Less]