What are the 5 circumference points? - correct answer - Arm (midpoint between acromian and olecranon)
- Waist (midpoint of iliac crest and ribs)
- Hip
... [Show More] (furthest protrusion of glutes)
- Thigh (midpoint of inguinal crease and patella)
- Calf (furthest protrusion)
Describe the pros and cons of skinfold measurements - correct answer Pros: accurate for leaner subjects, multiple equations for different populations
Cons: high rate of user error, taking repeated measurements can increase error, can be impacted by physical activity (level of water in muscles)/ environment (cold/hot weather), shouldn't be used for obese clients
Describe skinfold protocol - correct answer Explain the purpose of the test
Explain the test procedures
Measure skinfolds on right side of body at eye level
Lift fold 1 cm above desired site, place calipers directly over desired site
Position calipers perpendicular to site of measurement
Administer 2 trials within 1mm
Measure skinfolds in rotational order
DO NOT REMOVE FINGERS PINCHING WHILE MEASURING
What are the 7 skinfold sites? - correct answer - Tricep (midpoint of acromian and olecranon)
- Bicep (belly of bicep)
- Scapula (3cm inferior)
- Waist (3cm superior of iliac crest)
- Stomach (3cm lateral and 1cm inferior of belly)
- Thigh (midpoint of inguinal crease and prox patella)
- Calf (widest medial point)
Describe the pros and cons of bioelectrical impedance - correct answer Pros: easy to use, fairly reliable, quick results
Cons: can be impacted by client age, water level, cannot be used with people with pacemakers
Describe the pros and cons of DEXA - correct answer Pros: very reliable, can highlight fat distribution
Cons: movement may disrupt image, expensive, exposure to radiation
Describe the process of taking BP - correct answer 1. Locate and palpate radial pulse
2. Close valve and increase pressure to 70 mmHg
3. Slowly increase pressure further until pulse disappears
4. Position earpieces of stethoscope in line with auditory canals
5. Place diaphragm of stethoscope over brachial pulse
6. Close valve and increase pressure to 20-30 mmHg above systolic estimate
7. Release pressure slowly
8. Note pressure of first Korotkoff sound (systolic)
9. Note measurement of Phase V diastolic pressure
10. Continue deflating cuff for at least 10 mmHg.
11. Continue listening for further sounds
12. Record Systolic and Diastolic values
13. Repeat and compare to 1st trial
14. Correctly classify resting blood pressure
What are the stages of BP? - correct answer Normal - <120/<80
Prehypertension - 120-139/80-89
Stage 1- 140-159/90-99
Stage 2 - > 160/100
Hypertensive crisis >180/110
Describe the normal and abnormal HR response to exercise - correct answer Normal: increase in HR depending on what type of exercise
Abnormal: sudden increase in HR, increase in HR with no increase in CO
Describe the normal and abnormal BP response to exercise - correct answer Normal: increase in systolic BP and a slight increase in diastolic BP
Abnormal: no increase in BP, severe hypotension post exercise, large increase in DBP
What is mean arterial pressure? - correct answer Average pressure in arteries during one cardiac cycle (65-110)
5 lead EKG - correct answer Green - right lower ribs
White - right inferior to clavicle
Black - left inferior to clavicle
Red - left lower ribs
Brown - 4th intercostal space
Signs of an MI on a ECG? - correct answer Downsloping ST segment and pathologic Q waves
What are the segments of the EKG? - correct answer QRS complex - ventricular depolarization
P - atrial depolarization
T - ventricular repolarization
ST segment - time between ventricular depolarization and repolarization [Show Less]