Hair is an?
Appendage if the skin
What protein is hair made of?
Keratin
What is the study of hair called?
Trichology
What are the
... [Show More] purposes of hair?
Adornment, Protection, and Warmth
Barba
Hair on the face
Capilli
Hair on the head
Cila
Hair on the eyelashes
Supercilla
Hair on the eyebrows
Root
The portion of hair under the skin
Hair shaft
The portion of hair under the skins surface
Cuticle
A scale like transparent, horny later found on the outside of the hair shaft
Cortex
The middle layer of the hair shaft. Contains the pigment and gives elasticity and strength.
Medulla
The innermost layer. It is absent in fine hair and present in natural curly hair
Follicle
A tube like depression in the skin or scalp that surrounds the hair root
Bulb
A thickened club shaped structure that forms the lower part of the root
Papilla
A small cone shaped elevation at the bottom of the hair follicle containing nerves and blood supply; carries nutrients to the bulb
Protection from?
Heat and injury
Adornment?
Properly cared for hair reflects health and beauty
Keratin is made up of?
Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen. (% of each changes based on sex, race and color)
What is the molecular structure?
Long wave chains
PH
Refers to the acidity or alkalinity. Measured from 1-14. 1-7 acid. 7-14 is alkaline
Shapes of hair
Straight-round, wavy-oval, curly-flat
What influences the shape of hair
The follicle it grows from
Healthy hair factors
Blood circulation, emotional disturbances, endocrine gland, certain drugs
Hair Growth depends on
Physical health, care of hair, blood supply, climate, hormones, age
Rate of hair growth per month
1/2 an inch
Differences
Sex, age, type, heredity
Racial Factors
Asian hair- straight
European hair- wavy
African hair- kinky
Climate Conditions
Moisture deepens the wave
Cold contracts the hair
Heat expands absorbing moisture
Replacement
55-88 hairs a day
Life of hair is 2-4 years
Hair color
Inherited
Cortex contains pigment
Pigment is from color forming substances in the blood
Grey hair
Natural aging process pigment formation ceases
Premature grey may be hormones, lack of vitamin b or injury
Structural Form
Shape/Form-Outline as seen from all 4 angles
Balance- The harmony of the hairstyle. Divide face into 4 equal quadrants to see if balanced
Execution
Hair to face relationship- how does the shape match the face shape
Manner in which hair surrounds FACE- how balanced is hair from the front view
Workmanship
Use of color shading- are the colours complimentary
Clear precise work- is the style complete? Has time been spent making sure all hair is in place and finishing spray used
Neatness and quality- is your work something you would be proud to display
Originality in design
Harmony of texture and colours- does the color and texture of the style harmonize
Has the design been seen before- is it your own creation
Is there a new or different idea or concept used
Creativity
Originality of creativity- was the design a copy of an original
Brush out curls
Smooth and brush hair into semi-flat condition. This will remove excess curl and position lines for that planned hairstyle. Always follow brush with palm of hand to relax set
General wave placement
Place palm of hand on head and gently push hair forward, waves will fall into planned design
Developing lines and stule
Taking on section at a time, the proper lines, ridges, and indentation are combed and brushed into the finished coiffure. Evenness and smoothness of lines are combed into the final silhouette
Finishing steps
Lightly spray hair to hold it in place. Using tip of a comb or small pick fit loose ends into place. Smooth any imperfections. Check from all angles and lightly spray
Principles of hair design
Rules that govern how we use different elements to produce an attractive hairstyle for each client
Elements of design
Line
Texture
Color
Shape/Form
Pattern
Form
Outline of overall hairstyle from all angles.
Is 3D and changes at each angle
Space
The area the hairstyle occupied also the areas inside the form
AKA volume
Has length depth and width
May contain curls, waves, curves, straight hair or combination
Line
Is that which the eye follow
Create form, design, and movement
Straight or curves
4 basic types
Horizontal lines
Parallel extending in the same direction and maintaining a constant distance apart
Create width
Vertical lines
Straight up and down
Add length eyes follow up and down
Diagonal lines
Positioned between horizontal and vertical lines
Used to emphasize and minimize facial features
Used to create interest
Curved lines
Soften
Large or small
A full circle or just part
Can be placed in all directions
Repeating in opposition create waves
4 Kinds of hairstyles
Single lined
Repeating lines
Contrasting lines
Transitional lines
Single lines
Worn on minimal effort
One length
Repeating lines
All parallel
Straight or curved
Create more interest
Finger wave
Contrasting
Horizontal and vertical meet at 90
Create hard edges
Strong look
Transitional
Curved lines used to blend or soften horizontal or vertical lines
Principles of design
Balance
Rhythm
Emphasis
Proportion/Scale
Harmony
Balance
Harmony or proportion
Proper degree of width and height
Symmetrical or Asymmetrical
Measuring symmetry
Divide face into four equal parts
Central axis is point of judging balance
Symmetrical Balance
Design is similar on both sides
Asymmetrical Balance
Unequal proportions
Balance facial features
Rhythm
Regular, recurring pattern of movement
Fast or slow
Moves quickly in tight curls
Slowly in long waves
Proportion
Harmonious relationship between parts of things in relation to another
Body proportion
Look at 3 things:
Body shape and size
Head shape and size
Face shape and size
STYLE SHOULD
NEVER BE WIDER THAN CENTER OF SHOULDERS
Color
Plays an important role both visually and physiologically
Used to make part of hair appear larger or smaller
Add texture and lines tie design together
Dimensions with color
Light and warm=volume
Dark and cool= move
Toward head and less volume
Dimensions created when warm and cool colours alternate with light and dark
Lines with color
Lighter Color can draw a line in direction you want eye to travel
3 Main body shapes
Tall/Thin- long limbs, necks need volume and long hair
Average- normal proportions can wear all hairstyles without or with volume, long or short
Petite/Stout- short with larger bones need height and volume on top [Show Less]