Hardware
Computer case, keyboard, and monitor
Sofware
Organized information in the form of operating systems, utilities, programs, and
... [Show More] applications that enable computers to work.
Information Technology (IT)
Any computer-based tool that people use to work with information and support the information and information-processing needs of an organization
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Brain of the computer that performs instructions defined by software
Hard Disk
A data storage unit inside a computer that can store a large quantity of data (60GB or more)
Input
Data that is entered into the computer system via an input or storage device.
Output
Data that is send out of the computer.
Peripheral Device
Devices that communicate with the CPU but are not located directly on the motherboard(not part of the computer), such as the monitor, floppy drive, printer, and mouse.
CPU Speed
Measured in MHz (Megahertz) or GHz (Gigahertz).
Also referred to as the CPU clock.
RAM Speed
Measure in MHz or Bytes. This measured the amount of time it takes the module to deliver a data request
CPU Functions
Fetch, Decode, Execute and Store
Fetch
Each instruction is stored in memory and has its own address. The processor takes this address number from the program counter, which is responsible for tracking which instructions the CPU should execute next.
Decode
Decode: All programs to be executed are translated to into Assembly instructions. Assembly code must be decoded into binary instructions, which are understandable to your CPU. This step is called decodin
Execute
While executing instructions the CPU can do one of three things: Do calculations with its ALU, move data from one memory location to another, or jump to a different address.
Store
The CPU must give feedback after executing an instruction, and the output data is written to the memory.
Random Access Memory(RAM) & Read Only Memory (ROM)
RAM is used for both read and write while ROM is used only for reading.
Random Access Memory(RAM) & Read Only Memory (ROM)
RAM is volatile and is erased when the computer is switched off. ROM is non-volatile and generally cannot be written to.
How is computer memory measured?
Megabytes(MB) and Gigabytes (GB)
1 MB
1024 * 1 KB = 1,048,576 bytes
1 GHz
1024 MB
1 byte
8 bits
Touchscreen
Input/output device, electronic visual display that can detect the presence and location of a touch within the display area
Diskette stored
cost $.50 and stored 1.4MB.
Zip Disk stored
$100.00 and stored 100MG to 250MG.
To Format a Drive
Process of of preparing a data storage device such as a hard disk drive, solid-state drive, floppy disk or USB flash drive for initial use. In some cases, the formatting operation may also create one or more new file systems.
OS Software
system software such as microsoft windows, apple mac OS X and Linux, that allocates memory, launches applications, configures hardware devices, and establishes your internet connection
Application Software
refers to the app that we use for a particular purpose such as "Microsoft Word,Microsoft Excel,Microsoft PowerPoint, Adobe Photoshop and etc.
Understand the reason for software versions
The main reason anyone has for downloading and installing the latest update is to stay protected from security threats. Older software will continue to have the same bugs and exploitable holes in the code that allow hackers and cyber criminals to get up to good.
Common OS
Windows
Mac OS X
Linux (technically a kernel used by other OSs).
Apple macOS
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
A visual display on a computer's screen that allows you to interact with your computer more easily by clicking graphical elements.
word processing
the use of software application to create, edit, format, print and save text-based documents, such as letters, reports, and memos
Spreadsheet
a screen-oriented interactive program enabling a user to lay out financial data on the screen
Database
A collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval, and use of that data
Web Browser
a software application for retrieving, presenting and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web.
desktop publishing
The production of printed matter by means of a printer linked to a desktop computer, with special software. The system enables reports, advertising matter, company magazines, etc., to be produced cheaply with a layout and print quality similar to that of typeset books, for xerographic or other reproduction. [Show Less]