structured cabling system (SCS) - ANSWER-is the complete coniguration of cabling and associated connecting hardware installed to provide a comprehensive
... [Show More] information and communications technology (ICT) systems infrastructure that transports information for multiple systems.
ICT - ANSWER-information and communication technology
SCS infrastructure is intended to serve a wide range of applications, including: - ANSWER-• Analog, plain old telephone services.
• Digital telephone services (e.g., voice over Internet protocol [VoIP]).
• Uniied messaging solutions.
• Videoconferencing.
• Power over Ethernet (PoE).
• Computer networking.
• Building automation systems (BAS).
• Building management systems (BMS).
• Audiovisual systems.
AP - ANSWER-access provider
SP - ANSWER-service provider
An AP is - ANSWER-a company (e.g., telephone, local exchange carrier, broadband services, cable TV [CATV]) that provides a physical (copper or optical fiber cabling) or wireless circuit path to the site.
demarcation point - ANSWER-The point at which the AP cabling meets the client's cabling infrastructure
An SP is - ANSWER-the operator of any service that furnishes telecommunications content delivered over AP facilities.
Standards provide the following beneits: - ANSWER-• Consistency of design and installation.
• Conformance to physical and transmission requirements.
• A basis for examining a proposed system expansion.
• Uniform documentation.
An SCS includes most or all of the following components: - ANSWER-• Backbone cabling and associated pathways.
• Cross-connection facilities.
• Interconnection facilities
• Horizontal cabling and associated pathways
• Work areas.
• Telecommunications outlets/connectors.
• Consolidation points (CPs).
• Multi-user telecommunications outlet assemblies (MUTOAs).
• Transition points (TPs).
• Centralized cabling.
• Distributed cabling.
• Administration (e.g., labeling, documentation).
Backbone Cabling - ANSWER-the cabling and related components that are used between the spaces within an ICT systems cabling structure, such telecommunications rooms (TRs), equipment rooms (ERs), and telecommunications enclosures (TEs), that handle the majority of network trafic.
Backbone cabling consists of - ANSWER-backbone cables,
intermediate cross-connect (IC [building distributor (BD)]),
main cross-connect (MC [campus distributor (CD)]),
mechanical terminations,
patch cords or jumpers used for backbone-to-backbone cross-connection,
cabling between buildings.
There are two types of backbone cabling: - ANSWER-• Interbuilding backbone cabling distributes telecommunications services between buildings.
• Intrabuilding backbone cabling distributes telecommunications services between telecommunications spaces (e.g., ER, TR) within a single building.
Δ = - ANSWER-Work area
AP = - ANSWER-Access provider
EF = - ANSWER-Entrance facility
ER = - ANSWER-Equipment room
HC (FD) = - ANSWER-Horizontal cross-connect (floor distributor)
IC (BD) = - ANSWER-Intermediate cross-connect (building distributor)
MC (CD) = - ANSWER-Main cross-connect (campus distributor)
SP = - ANSWER-Service provider
TE = - ANSWER-Telecommunications enclosure
TR = - ANSWER-Telecommunications room
A first-level backbone consists of - ANSWER-cabling that is installed between an MC (CD) and an IC (BD) or a horizontal cross-connect (HC [floor distributor (FD)]).
A second-level backbone is - ANSWER-a cable that is installed between an IC (BD) and an HC (FD)
HC (FD) = - ANSWER-Horizontal cross-connect (floor distributor)
IC (BD) = - ANSWER-Intermediate cross-connect (building distributor)
MC (CD) = - ANSWER-Main cross-connect (campus distributor)
The main components of backbone cabling are: - ANSWER-• Cabling pathways
• Cables
• Connecting hardware
Cabling pathways— - ANSWER-Raceways, cable trays, penetrations (e.g., sleeves, slots), and cable supports that provide support and routing space for cabling.
Cables— - ANSWER-Optical fiber, balanced twisted-pair, coaxial, or some combination of these cables.
Connecting hardware— - ANSWER-Connecting blocks, patch panels, interconnections, cross- connections, patch cords, equipment cords, or some combination of these components.
There are many different types of backbone cable: - ANSWER-• Multimode optical fiber cable
• Singlemode optical fiber cable
• 100-ohm balanced twisted-pair copper cable
Multimode optical fiber cable— - ANSWER-The recommended multimode optical fiber cable is graded- index optical fiber with a nominal 50/125 micron (µm) core/cladding diameter
Singlemode optical fiber cable— - ANSWER-Singlemode cables are typically a zero dispersion wavelength around 1310 nanometers (nm) but also can be used in the 1550 nm region.
100-ohm balanced twisted-pair copper cable— - ANSWER-It is recommended for backbone that the balanced twisted-pair cable consist of a minimum of 24 American wire gauge (AWG [0.51 millimeters (mm [0.020 inches (in)])]) solid copper conductors
ISO application classes
Application Class
Class A - ANSWER-up to 100 kHz
Basic telephony systems
ISO application classes
Application Class
Class B - ANSWER-up to 1 MHz
ITU-T Rec. I.430, I.431, ISO/IEC 8802-3
ISO application classes
Application Class
Class C - ANSWER-up to 16 MHz
10BASE-T
ISO application classes
Application Class
Class D - ANSWER-up to 100 MHz
1000BASE-T
ISO application classes
Application Class
Class E - ANSWER-up to 250 MHz
1000BASE-T
ISO application classes
Application Class
Class EA - ANSWER-up to 500 MHz
10GBASE-T
ISO application classes
Application Class
Class F - ANSWER-up to 600 MHz 10GBASE-T
ISO application classe
Application Class
Class FA - ANSWER-up to 1 GHz
10GBASE-T
ISO application classes
Application Class
Class I/II - ANSWER-up to 2 GHz
40GBASE-T
TIA Cabling Categories/ISO Classes
Category 3/class C* - ANSWER-Class A* ≈ 2 km (6500 ft)
Class B* ≈ 200 m (656 ft)
Class C* ≈ 100 m (328 ft)
Class D -
Class E -
Class EA -
Class F -
Class FA -
* No longer recognized for new construction.
** Extended length limitations of higher categories/classes of cabling remain a subject of future study
TIA Cabling Categories/ISO Classes
Category 5e/class D - ANSWER-Class A* ≈ 3 km (10,000 ft)
Class B* ≈ 260 m (850 ft)
Class C* ≈ 160 m (525 ft)
Class D ≈ 100 m (328 ft)
Class E -
Class EA -
Class F -
Class FA -
* No longer recognized for new construction.
** Extended length limitations of higher categories/classes of cabling remain a subject of future study
TIA Cabling Categories/ISO Classes
Category 6/class E - ANSWER-Class A* ≈ 3 km (10,000 ft)
Class B* ≈ 260 m** (850 ft)
Class C* ≈ 160 m** (525 ft)
Class D ≈ 100 m** (328 ft)
Class E ≈ 100 m (328 ft)
Class EA -
Class F -
Class FA -
* No longer recognized for new construction.
** Extended length limitations of higher categories/classes of cabling remain a subject of future study
TIA Cabling Categories/ISO Classes
Category 6A/class EA - ANSWER-Class A* ≈ 3 km (10,000 ft)
Class B* ≈ 260 m** (850 ft)
Class C* ≈ 160 m** (525 ft)
Class D ≈ 100 m** (328 ft)
Class E ≈ 100 m** (328 ft)
Class EA ≈ 100 m (328 ft)
Class F -
Class FA -
* No longer recognized for new construction.
** Extended length limitations of higher categories/classes of cabling remain a subject of future study
TIA Cabling Categories/ISO Classes
- /class F - ANSWER-Class A* ≈ 3 km (10,000 ft)
Class B* ≈ 260 m** (850 ft)
Class C* ≈ 160 m** (525 ft)
Class D ≈ 100 m** (328 ft)
Class E ≈ 100 m** (328 ft)
Class EA ≈ 100 m** (328 ft)
Class F ≈ 100 m (328 ft)
Class FA -
* No longer recognized for new construction.
** Extended length limitations of higher categories/classes of cabling remain a subject of future study
TIA Cabling Categories/ISO Classes
- /class FA - ANSWER-Class A* ≈ 3 km (10,000 ft)
Class B* ≈ 260 m** (850 ft)
Class C* ≈ 160 m** (525 ft)
Class D ≈ 100 m** (328 ft)
Class E ≈ 100 m** (328 ft)
Class EA ≈ 100 m** (328 ft)
Class F ≈ 100 m** (328 ft)
Class FA ≈ 100 m (328 ft)
* No longer recognized for new construction.
** Extended length limitations of higher categories/classes of cabling remain a subject of future study
TIA Cabling Categories/ISO Classes
Category 8/class I/II - ANSWER-Class A* ≈ 3 km (10,000 ft)
Class B* ≈ 260 m** (850 ft)
Class C* ≈ 160 m** (525 ft)
Class D ≈ 100 m** (328 ft)
Class E ≈ 100 m** (328 ft)
Class EA ≈ 100 m** (328 ft)
Class F ≈ 100 m** (328 ft)
Class FA ≈ 100 m** (328 ft)
* No longer recognized for new construction.
** Extended length limitations of higher categories/classes of cabling remain a subject of future study
Temperature can also affect performance, so for operating temperatures above 20 degrees Celsius (°C [68 degrees Fahrenheit (°F)]), backbone cabling length should be reduced by _______ per °C for screened cabling. - ANSWER-0.2 percent
For unscreened cables, backbone cabling length should be reduced by _______ for temperatures ranging from 20 °C to 40 °C (68 °F to 104 °F) and _______ for temperatures ranging above 40 °C to 60 °C (104 °F to 140 °F). - ANSWER-0.4 percent per °C
0.6 percent per °C
Horizontal cabling - ANSWER-is the portion of the telecommunications cabling system that extends from the work area telecommunications outlet/connector to the HC (FD) in the TR.
Horizontal cabling includes - ANSWER-horizontal cables,
work area outlets,
equipment cords,
patch cords,
jumpers located in the TR
may include items, such as MUTOAs, CPs, and TPs
Consider the following when selecting horizontal cabling: - ANSWER-• The maximum allowable horizontal cable length is ≈90 m (295 ft).NOTE: Some cabling media (e.g., category 8) may be limited to a length of 30 m (100 ft) for some applications.
• A minimum of two telecommunications outlet/connectors is recommended per work area.NOTE: Telecommunications outlet/connectors that serve an individual work area may be located in one or more faceplates.
• Routing and supporting structures for horizontal cabling shall take into account areas where potential sources of electromagnetic interference exist.• Overall sheath or jacket on each cable, which is designed for the environment where it is intended to be installed.
There are three types of cross-connections: - ANSWER-• MC (CD)—Building- or campus-serving cross-connect in the ER for connecting entrance cabling, backbone cabling, and equipment cabling.
• IC (BD)—Building-serving cross-connect points located between the MC (CD) and HC (FD) in interbuilding backbone cabling.
• HC (FD)—Floor-serving location for the cross-connection of horizontal cabling to other cabling and equipment. [Show Less]