Fracture is a type of material failure. Of the following which is another type of material failure?
Permanent deformation.
Which of the following
... [Show More] statements best differentiates between a defect and a discontinuity?
Discontinuities can propagate and become defects.
Nondestructive testing is often differentiated from other measurements or inspection techniques in that:
NDT involves indirect tests related to some other quality or characteristic of material.
What are the functions of NDT?
Identifying and sorting of material.
Identifying of material properties.
Ensuring absence of faults or defects that could cause a part to fail.
An important basis for the success of fracture control design procedures is:
The need to ensure that unexpected flaws of some critical size are not present when the component enters service.
If properly used, NDT can assist in fracture control by:
Providing an accurate evaluation of the number and type of discontinuities that exist in a material .
A statement that a particular experiment produced a 0.9 probability of detection with a 95% confidence level means that:
There is a 5% probability that the probability of detection is overstated.
Most solid metals and plastics that have reasonable strength at room temperature are called:
Engineering materials.
Material properties, as used in design, are most frequently determined by:
Materials testing.
Even at the early stages of product planning, NDT should be considered because:
The design of the part should permit easy access to critical areas for later inspection.
which of the following material properties are of most concern if corrosion resistance is essential?
Chemical properties.
Which of the following is true relative to the comparison of the properties of aluminum-based alloys and iron-based alloys?
Iron can exist in several different crystalline structures and its properties can be controlled by heat treatment.
Tensile test are conducted on specimens from a newly developed alloy in order to determine the ultimate tensile strength of the material. Such tests are referred to as:
Destructive tests.
A bar that is 2 in. long, 2 in. wide and 1 in. thick is subjected to a tensile load acting along the lenght of the bar of 36000 lbs. What is the tensle stress within the bar?
18000 psi.
What is Point B on the Stress-Strain diagram where it first starts to curve?
Elastic limit.
Stress-Strain diagram, which of the following ranges indicates the affect of work hardening, to its maximum, caused by plastic flow of the material during a tensile load?
Deformation rate to the ultimate strength
On the Stress-Strain diagram, the points represented by E and F would be closer together if the material being tested were:
Less ductile.
The modules of elasticity, or Young's modules, is related to the material's relative:
Stiffness and yield strength.
Which of the following materials is typically considered when the application only requires high compressive strength?
Cast iron.
A fatigue failure can often be prevented by using NDT to:
Detect surface discontinuities that could be stress risers.
Which of the following tests uses a pendulum to break a specimen that is notched and supported on both ends, with the results of measuring energy absorption?
Charpy test.
What is a S-N curve?
An endurance limit curve diagram.
Direct hardness test provide a measure of a material's ability to resist:
Surface and near-surface penetration.
Under ordinary usage, metals exist as:
Crystalline solids.
The term body-centered cubic BCC, face-centered cubic FCC and hexagonal close-packed HCP all refer to the:
Lattice structures that make up unit cells in a solid metallic structure.
The process of returning ductility to cold-worked low-carbon steel is called:
Recrystallization.
Many metals exhibit an increase in strength caused by plastic flow beyond the elastic limit. This effect is called:
Work hardening.
When used as in-process treatment, Re crystallization can:
Improve ductility.
Processes called austenitizing, annealing, normalizing and spheroidizing are:
Approximate equilibrium heat-treatment process.
The term"precipitation hardening" is often used interchangeably with the term:
Age hardening.
An NDT method that has the ability to measure changes in electrical conductivity caused by the effects of heat treatment is:
Eddy current.
Spheroidizing and normalizing have the effect of:
Increasing ductility.
When a steel has been quench-hardened and then reheated to some point below the lower transformation temperature for the purpose of reducing brittleness, this is called:
Tempering.
Annealing is usually performed to:
Release stress.
Attacks on metals be direct chemical action and/or electrolysis are called:
Corrosion.
Metal corrosion that is accelerated when the metal is under a loads is called:
Stress corrosion.
Which of the following does not help to prevent corrosion:
Stress relieving.
Factors of safety are often in the range of 2 to 4. These factors:
Could be reduced with the assurance of NDT techniques that the material was free of discontinuities.
The reduction of iron ore, by mixing with coke, limestone and oxygen for combustion of the coke, is accomplished in:
A Blast furnace.
In the iron and steel making process, the term pig iron refers to:
A high carbon, low ductility metal produced in the blast furnace that can be used to make subsequent types of iron and steel.
Which of the following techniques is often used to speed up the steel making process?
Adding oxygen to the molten metal.
Typically, the highest quality of steel is produced in:
An electric furnace.
What percentage of carbon is found in steel:
Less than 2%
By which of the following process is most of the world's steel produced:
Basic oxygen.
An undesirable byproduct of steel making processes is:
Slag
A steel with 40 points of carbon contains:
0.4 % carbon
Corrosion resistant steels having relatively high percentages of nickel and chromium are called
Stainless steel
Low carbon steel contains approximately:
0.06 to 0.25% carbon
Austenitic stainless steels are paramagnetic; this means that:
The material has a very low permeability.
Which of the followingis an advantage of cast steel over wrought steels?
Cast steels have more isotropic properties than wrought steel.
Which of the following nonferrous metals is the most important structural material?
Aluminum alloys
Which of the following statements is true regarding the electrical conductivity of aluminum alloys?
Conductivity decreases at elevated temperatures.
The heat treatment of aluminum for the purpose of hardening and strengthening:
Can produce tensile strengths equivalent to some carbon steels.
Which of the following metals has low strength, high corrosion resistance and is used largely in die casting operations?
Zinc.
Which of the following metals alloys has a density approximately two-thirds that of aluminum?
Magnesium.
Brass and bronze are alloys of zinc, tin and a large percentage of:
Copper.
Monel and inconel are:
Nickel alloys.
Which of the following materials cannot typically be used in the as-cast state?
Carbon
A high-strength, low density corrosion resistant metal alloy of significance in the aircraft, marine and chemical processing industries is:
Titanium.
Which of the following statements is true concerning plastics following their initial polymerization.
Thermosetting plastics do not soften, but char and deteriorate when reheated.
Based on the strength to weight ratio:
Some plastics, including nylon, may have strengths greater than some metals.
Design engineers are responsible for establishing the function, appearance, quality and cost of a product. Regarding the role of NDT in product design, which of the following is true?
Designer should seek input from NDT [Show Less]