Marbury vs. Madison (1803) - Answer- Supreme Court decision in which the court first exercised the power of judicial review.
Fletcher vs. Peck (1810) -
... [Show More] Answer- First Supreme Court case in which a state law was ruled unconstitutional
McCulloch vs. Maryland (1819) - Answer- Federal organizations couldn't be taxed by state institutions
(Maryland could not tax national bank)
Trustees of Dartmouth College vs. Woodward (1819) - Answer- Private charters are protected by the Constitution.
Cohens vs. Virginia (1821) - Answer- Supreme Courts have Jurisdiction to review all cases involving powers/rights of the Federal Government.
Gibbons vs. Ogden (1824) - Answer- Rules that only the Federal Government can control interstate commerce, not individual states.
Cherokee Nation vs. Georgia (1831) - Answer- Declared the Cherokee a dependent domestic nation possessing some Sovereignty.
Worcester vs. Georgia (1832) - Answer- Ruled that Georgia had no right to interfere with Cherokee territory, only the Federal Government.
Commonwealth vs. Hunt (1842) - Answer- Declared that labor unions were lawful organizations and that the strike was a lawful weapon. Workers have the right to organize.
Dred Scott vs. Sandford (1857) - Answer- Rules that slaves were property and remained slaves, even when taken to free territories/states. They had no rights in court and were not citizens.
Ex Parte Milligan (1866) - Answer- Ruled that a civilian cannot be tried in military courts while civil courts are available during wartime.
Munn vs. Illinois (1877) - Answer- Allowed states to regulate certain businesses that affected public interest within their borders when federal policy is absent.
Wabash, St. Louis, and Pacific Railway Co. vs. Illinois (1886) - Answer- Declared that state-passed Granger laws regulating interstate commerce were unconstitutional. Only the Federal Government can.
U.S. vs. E. C. Knight Co. (1895) - Answer- Manufacturing is not the same as commerce. (First case under Sherman Antitrust Act)
Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896) - Answer- Supreme Court ruling that allowed local and state governments to pass and enforce segregation laws. Established "separate but equal" segregation doctrine between the races.
Northern Securities Co. vs. U.S. (1904) - Answer- A holding company owning stock of competing railroads violates the Sherman Antitrust Act.
Lochner vs. New York (1905) - Answer- Supreme Court ruled that states could not restrict ordinary workers' hours.
"Right to free contract".
Muller vs. Oregon (1908) - Answer- Upheld the law stating women could only work for 10 hours per day.
Schenck vs. United States (1919) - Answer- Case involving limits on free speech. Established the "clear and present danger" principle. No freedom is absolute.
Adkins vs. Children's Hospital (1923) - Answer- Ruling that removed workplace protection and invalidated a minimum wage for women.
Korematsu vs. U.S. (1944) - Answer- Stated that the government held the right to imprison citizens during wartime emergencies. (Japanese-Americans WW2)
Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) - Answer- Ended the segregation of public schools. Stated it was a violation of the 14th amendment. Repealed Plessy vs. Ferguson.
Mapp vs. Ohio (1960) - Answer- Evidence illegally gathered by the police is invalid in a criminal trial
Baker vs. Carr (1962) - Answer- The Court decision saying districts must be roughly equal in population. 1 person = 1 vote. Every vote and person had the same value.
Gideon vs. Wainwright (1963) - Answer- Declared that a person charged with a felony must be provided with a lawyer during a trial.
Reynolds vs. Sims (1964) - Answer- State legislative districts should be equal in population (one Man one vote).
Escobedo vs. Illinois (1964) - Answer- If requested, an accused person has the right to have a lawyer present during questioning before an indictment is made.
New York Times vs. Sullivan (1964) - Answer- To libel a public figure, there must be "actual malice" proven.
Miranda vs. Arizona (1966) - Answer- The accused have the right to remain silent and must be notified of their rights before being questioned by the police.
Roe vs. Wade (1973) - Answer- A woman has the right to an abortion. Legalized abortion.
University of California vs. Bakke (1978) - Answer- Affirmative action discriminating against whites only because of their race is unconstitutional. Quota systems ruled unconstitutional.
Garcia vs. San Antonio (1985) - Answer- Requires that employers provide minimum wage and overtime pay to their employees. [Show Less]