2022/2023 NREMT exam questions and answers
what is widely considered to mark the beginning of the modern EMS system? - ANSWER Accidental Death and
... [Show More] Disability: The neglected disease of Modern Society (a.k.a The White Paper)
EMS care today is based on: - ANSWER evidence-based medicine
what describes the EMT level of training? - ANSWER oxygen and ventilation skills, pulse oximetry, and administration of certain medications
EMT roles and responsibilities include - ANSWER strong written and verbal communication skills
What EMT activity is considered high risk for the patient? - ANSWER transferring patient care
if you believe a scene to be unsafe, you should: - ANSWER leave the area and call for additional resources
what statement regarding stress is correct? - ANSWER stress in an inevitable consequence of the profession
what is a formalized process to help emergency workers deal with stress? - ANSWER Critical Incident Stress Management
what provides the best protection from exposure to an airborne disease? - ANSWER HEPA mask
what move is used when the scene is dangerous and the patient must be moved before providing care? - ANSWER emergency move
what term refers to the actions an EMS provider is legally allowed to perform based on license or certification level? - ANSWER scope of practice
what term refers to the degree of care a reasonable person with similar training should provide in a similar situation? - ANSWER standard of care
what is specific to resuscitation efforts and does not affect treatment prior to the patient entering cardiac arrest? - ANSWER DNR order
during a negligence lawsuit, if the injury to the plaintiff was, at least in part, due to the EMT's action or inaction, what component of negligence is the EMT guilty of? - ANSWER proximate cause
what is a definitive sign of death? - ANSWER decapitation
what federal agency regulates all radio operations in the United States? - ANSWER Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
What statement regards EMS radio communication correctly? - ANSWER use clear text, not radio codes, for EMS communications
what is an example of an objective observation? - ANSWER the patient has slurred speech and an unsteady gait
your medical direction has just ordered administration of a medication for your patient. you should immediately: - ANSWER repeat the order back to ensure you have understood it correctly
what statement regards the transfer of care report correctly? - ANSWER transfer of care must include a verbal report to an equal or higher medical authority
what suggestion should you follow regarding patient care reports (PCR?) - ANSWER if you didn't do it, don't write that you did
the minimum data set on a PCR includes: - ANSWER dispatch times
your PCR has a section that allows you to free text a description of the call. this is known as the: - ANSWER narrative section
your patient is complaining of knee pain following a fall from a bicycle. you ask the patient if he has any neck pain and he states that he does not. in this case, neck pain would be considered: - ANSWER a pertinent negative
what abbreviations should you use on your PCR? - ANSWER only abbreviations approved by your agency and medical director
what statement on homeostasis is correct? - ANSWER homeostasis is a state of balance or equilibrium within the body
the frontal plane divides the body into: - ANSWER anterior and posterior portions
from anatomical position, what is a lateral bone in the forearm? - ANSWER the radius
ventral refers to the: - ANSWER anterior surface
your adult patient is unconscious, breathing adequately, and has a pulse. there is no indication of trauma. the patient should be positioned in: - ANSWER recovery position
while assessing an infant, you note depressed fontanelles. this indicates that the infant is: - ANSWER most likely dehydrated
your patient is two years old. she would be considered a(n): - ANSWER toddler
to ease a child's anxiety, it is usually best to: - ANSWER keep caregivers close by
eating disorders are more common among which age group? - ANSWER adolescents
accidental trauma is the leading cause of death in what age group? - ANSWER young adults
what is the backup system to the CO2 drive? - ANSWER hypoxic drive
you have initiated BVM ventilations for your apneic patient. what does it mean if the ventilations are delivering effectively? - ANSWER auscultate lung sounds
what indicates a need for supplemental oxygen by nasal cannula or non breather? - ANSWER an SaO2 reading of 93%
your patient to responsive to only painful stimuli. the airway is clear. how should you manage the airway? - ANSWER insert an NPA
due to the risk of hypoxia, suction time should not exceed: - ANSWER 15 seconds for an adult
while obtaining a patient history, you note the patient takes several prescription medications daily. this is known as: - ANSWER polypharmacy
symptoms that are important to consider, but denied by the patient are known as: - ANSWER pertinent negatives
during your assessment, you note the patient has irregular breathing. this means that the patient: - ANSWER presents with an abnormal breathing pattern
your 5-year-old patient is unresponsive. to determine if chest compressions are indicated, you should immediately assess the: - ANSWER carotid pulse
your trauma patient has a widening pulse pressure. you should suspect: - ANSWER a head injury
what medication is administered enterally? - ANSWER oral glucose
what medication is used to reverse the effects of an opioid overdose? - ANSWER narcan
what is a common side effect of nitroglycerin administration? - ANSWER reduced blood pressure
EMT's can help administer, but cannot carry, what medication? - ANSWER MDI medications (or nitroglycerin)
what medication is an absorbent? - ANSWER activated charcoal
you have completed the primary assessment on an unresponsive multi-system trauma patient. what should be done next? - ANSWER assess baseline vital signs
what always precedes the patient history? - ANSWER primary assessment
you have completed the primary on a conscious patient complaining of dyspnea. there is no trauma. what should be done next? - ANSWER obtain a patient history
what is always your first priority while performing a physical exam on a patient? - ANSWER you and your partner's safety
what is the purpose of the rapid scan? - ANSWER identify any remaining life-threats
shock, or hypoperfusion, describes a state of: - ANSWER inadequate tissue perfusion
your trauma patient has lost an unknown amount of blood. the patient is alert, his pulse rate is slightly elevated, and his bp is normal. based on this information, the patient is most likely experiencing: - ANSWER compensated shock
you are assessing your patient for signs and symptoms of shock. you tachycardia and pale, cool skin. these findings are: - ANSWER examples of the body's defense mechanisms
your patient presents with signs and symptoms of hypoperfusion. you note that the patients blood pressure is lower each time you reassess vitals. this indicates the patient is: - ANSWER in decompensated shock
what statement regarding shock in pediatric patients is correct? - ANSWER pediatric patients can be in serious danger and still present without hypotension
what is a slow disease process that obstructs and damages the lower airways and alveoli? - ANSWER COPD
what is an emergency in which the heart does not pump effectively, leading to a backup of fluid and pulmonary edema? - ANSWER CHF (congestive heart failure)
laryngotracheobronchitis is also known as: - ANSWER croup
what are signs and symptoms of a pulmonary embolism? - ANSWER possible history of recent surgery, or long bone fracture; chest pain, tachypnea
what is characterized by rapid breathing and is often associated with distraught patients? - ANSWER hyperventilation syndrome
what is true regarding a rear-impact motor vehicle collision? - ANSWER neck injuries due to hyperextension are common
the risk of ejection from a motor vehicle collision is highest with: - ANSWER a rollover
your patient was a passenger in a vehicle that struck a tree. what is considered the "third collision" based on this mechanism? - ANSWER the patients internal organs striking the internal structures of the body
what is true regarding vehicle safety restraint systems (SRS)? - ANSWER a vehicle SRS can reduce deceleration injuries
your trauma patient presents with abdominal bruising and distention. what is most likely? - ANSWER internal bleeding
your environmental patient is experiencing peripheral vasoconstriction and a slowing metabolic rate. the patient is most likely experiencing: - ANSWER a systemic cold emergency
your patient was found wandering outside on a cold, calm night. the patient was only wearing shorts and shoes. what would most likely cause this patient to become hypothermic? - ANSWER radiation
rewarming a hypothermic patient too rapidly can cause: - ANSWER ventricular fibrillation
what is a common systemic heat emergency caused by a combination of heat exposure and hypovolemia? - ANSWER heat exhaustion
if you suspect your patient is experiencing heat stroke, your cooling measures must/should be: - ANSWER rapid and aggressive
what regarding cardiovascular changes in the pregnant patient is correct? - ANSWER pregnant patients are at an increased risk of anemia
what is a common cause of bleeding in the pregnant patient during the 3rd trimester? - ANSWER placenta previa
your patient is 37 weeks pregnant. she is complaining of headache, blurred vision, and swelling. you should suspect: - ANSWER preeclampsia
your pregnant patient states her blood pressure has been high each of the last three times she has checked it. you should suspect: - ANSWER pregnancy-induced hypertension
your patient is 37 weeks pregnant. you find her supine in bed complaining of weakness and nausea. you should immediately be concerned about: - ANSWER supine hypotensive syndrome
you are assessing a pediatric patient with bradycardia and an altered LOC. your immediate priority should be: - ANSWER assessment and management of suspected hypoxia
what is one of the three key assessments of the Pediatric Assessment Triangle? - ANSWER appearance
what statement is correct regarding management of a pediatric patient you suspect has been abused? - ANSWER you are legally required to report suspected abuse to the appropriate authorities
what statement regarding the Rule of Nines for pediatric patients is correct? - ANSWER the pediatric rule of nines assigns a higher percentage to the head
what statement regarding SIDS is correct? - ANSWER SIDS only applies to deaths that cannot be explained by autopsy
your elderly patient has a curvature of the spine that causes her to have a rounded back. this is known as - ANSWER kyphosis
your elderly female patient complains of weakness and non-specific abdominal pain. you should maintain a high index of suspicion for: - ANSWER atypical MI
your elderly patient presents with pulmonary edema and respiratory distress. the patient has a history of hypertension and two previous MIs. you should suspect: - ANSWER left heart failure
your elderly patient is overweight and recently had surgery for a long-bone fracture. he has decided to take a 12-hour flight overseas to relax and recover. this patient has multiple risk factors for: - ANSWER pulmonary edema
your elderly patient complains of abdominal pain, coffee-ground-like emesis, and dark, tarry stool. you should suspect: - ANSWER GI bleeding
your patient receives dialysis and has an AV shunt on the left arm. you should: - ANSWER avoid taking blood pressures on the left arm
your patient has a tracheostomy tube and presents with signs of hypoxia. you should suspect the tube is partially obstructed, you should: - ANSWER suction the tracheostomy tube
your patient has a stoma and requires supplemental oxygen. you should: - ANSWER place an oxygen mask over the stoma
your patient is on a home ventilator. the ventilator appears to be malfunctioning. you should immediately: - ANSWER begin ventilating the patient with a BVM
your hospice patient has a PCA pump. the PCA pump is used to: - ANSWER self-administer pain medication
following a call, you clean and disinfect all of the equipment used. this occurs during the: - ANSWER postrun phase of a call
emergency vehicles should usually travel: - ANSWER in the far left lane
what is a recommended defensive driving tactic for emergency vehicle operators? - ANSWER always assume the other drivers do not hear or see you
you have been asked to set up a landing zone for an incoming EMS helicopter. you should: - ANSWER ensure the LZ is clear of overhead obstructions
when working around an EMS helicopter, you should NEVER approach the aircraft from: - ANSWER the rear
what is an EMT's primary responsibility at a scene involving extrication or special operations? - ANSWER personal safety
when working on roadways or around traffic, federal law requires that you: - ANSWER wear an approved, highly reflective safety vest
due to shock-absorbing bumpers, you should approach vehicles involved in an accident from: - ANSWER the side
you are caring for a patient involved in a motor vehicle accident. there is an underplayed airbag in the vehicle. you should: - ANSWER maintain about 2 feet of clearance between you and the airbag
gaining access to the patient without any tools or breaking glass is known as: - ANSWER simple access
the UN number on a diamond placard is used to: - ANSWER identify the substance using the ERG
a diamond placard with 4 smaller placards of different colors is used for: - ANSWER fixed storage locations
the blue diamond placard on a 4-diamond placard provides information about: - ANSWER health hazards
you see the number 4 within a yellow placard on a 4-diamond placard at a storage facility. this means the facility contains: - ANSWER a material that may detonate spontaneously
all EMT's are required to have hazardous materials training at the level of: - ANSWER First Responder Awareness
what provides an adaptive, standardized approach to any domestic mass casualty incident? - ANSWER NIMS
during a large incident, NIMS standards require the use of: - ANSWER clear text radio communications
on large incidents, the incident commander is part of the: - ANSWER command section
during a mass casualty incident, comprehensive treatment does NOT begin until: - ANSWER all patients have been triaged
during an MCI incident, when is secondary triage completed? - ANSWER once the patient arrives in the treatment area
what is the most common type of WMD incident? - ANSWER explosives
primary blast injuries are caused by: - ANSWER the blast wave [Show Less]