Which types of tissue most often develop tumors?
Epithelial and connective tissues
What are the following benign tumors?
Papilloma - A
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Lipoma - begins in the fatty tissue
Myoma - Fibroid
Chondroma - Tumor of cartilage cells
What are sarcomas?
They are tumors that can be found anywhere and begin in connective tissue
What are the early signs of lymphoma
Fevers and night sweats
What is radiation therapy
When seeds are implanted into a malignant prostate and then irradiated, this is called radiation therapy. This is used to reduce damage to healthy tissue
Name what is a vesicle, pustule, macule, papule, excoriation
Vesicle - Small fluid filled elevation of skin (e.g. blister)
Pustule - (elevation of the skin containing white blood cells and cell debris)
Macule - A spot that is not raised or depressed. (such as a freckle)
Papule - A firm raised area of the skin (such as a pimple)
Excoriation (scratch in the skin)
Define the following:
Laceration
Fissure
Ulcer
Superficial burn
Superficial partial thickness burn
Laceration - Rough jagged wound
Fissue - Crack in the skin
Ulcer - Store with disintegration and death of affected tissue
Superficial burn involves the epidermal layer of the skin
Superficial partial thickness burn appears with blisters and pain at the burn site
What are shingles and how are they treated
Shingles are painful vesicular lesions caused by varicella. The normal treatment is antiviral medications and costicosteroids to decrease pain.
What is Tissue destruction involving only the epidermal layer of the skin
superficial.
What are two signs of allergic skin reactions
Pruritus (itching) and urticarial (hives)
What are three autoimmune diseases involving the skin?
Pemphigus, scleroderma and lupus erythematosus are all autoimmuse diseases involving the skin.
Damage to what can disturb equilibrium?
Semicircular canals in the ear
How can otitis media be prevented?
By placing a myingotomy tube in the ear
What results in progressive hearing loss?
Presbycusis
What can alleviate age-related hearing loss?
Speaking in clear, low-pitched tones
What are treatment of joint disorders
FALK (fixation of screws, arthrocentesis, laproscopic repairs, kyoplasty)
What are the different types of arthritis
(GROS) Gout - higher levels of uric acid form crystals that accumulate in the joints, causing pain and inflammation.
• Septic arthritis - may result from an invasive procedure; invading organisms are usually carried to the joint by the blood stream.
• Osteoarthritis - most often in weight-bearing joints, like hips and knees; may be the results of aging and repeated trauma.
• Rheumatoid arthritis - inflammation and overgrowth of synovial fluid causes severe pain; joints stiffen and become useless.
What is mysathenia gravis?
chronic muscular fatigue caused by defect at the neuromuscular junction.
How is GERD treated?
Antacids and using medication that decreases the production of HCL
What characterizes chronic pancreatitis
Severe pain and blood test shows elevated serum amylase. Pancreatitis impacts the digestive process by leading to enzyme imbalances
How do you test for viral hepatitis
Testing blood serology
What is required for blood clotting?
Vitamin K
What type of reaction would arise if a RH negative patient experiences a second exposure to RH positive blood?
An Antigen-antibody reaction could arise if a Rh negative patient experiences a second exposure to Rh positive blood
What are blood diseases
(HALT) Hemophilia (bleeding disorder caused by deficiency of a clotting factor), Aplastic anemia (bone mare failure decreased red cell production), Leukemia (increase in WBC), Thalassemia (hereditary disorders causing impaired hemglobin synthesis)
What are three recommendations for the treatment of hypertension?
• Diet modification
• Prescribed diuretics
• Exercise on a regular basis
What does H. pylori cause?
Gastrointestinal disorder called peptic ulcer
What is shock
Confusion, anxiety, hypertension
What is atrophy
Decrease in the size of a muscle due to disuese
What are strains vs sprains
Strains pain and stiffness by overuse
Sprains pain and swelling by tearing of ligaments [Show Less]