West Coast EMT - Block 4 Questions with Verified Answers (2023/2024 Newly Updated)
QUESTION
In which of the following patients should you remove an
... [Show More] impaled object?
Select one:
A. An apneic patient with a shard of glass impaled in the abdomen
B. A conscious and alert patient with a fishhook impaled in the eye
C. A pulseless and apneic patient with a knife impaled in the back
D. A semiconscious patient with an ice pick impaled in the chest
Answer: C. A pulseless and apneic patient with a knife impaled in the back
QUESTION
The sebaceous glands produce sebum, a material that:
Select one:
A. pulls the hair erect when you are cold.
B. facilitates shedding of the epidermis.
C. discharges sweat onto the skin's surface.
D. waterproofs the skin and keeps it supple.
Answer: D. waterproofs the skin and keeps it supple.
QUESTION
When caring for a patient whose arm is covered with a dry chemical, you should:
Select one:
A. quickly irrigate the arm with large amounts of water.
B. brush away the chemical before flushing with water.
C. use forceful streams of water to remove the chemical.
D. deactivate the chemical with a 5% vinegar solution.
Answer: B. brush away the chemical before flushing with water.
QUESTION
Which of the following areas of the body has the thinnest skin?
Select one:
A. Ears
B. Scalp
C. Back
D. Soles of the feet
Answer: A. Ears
QUESTION
Which of the following is a severe burn in a 65-year-old patient?
Select one:
A. Superficial burn to 30% of the BSA
B. Full-thickness burn to 1% of the BSA
C. Second-degree burn covering 10% of the BSA
D. Partial-thickness burn to 20% of the BSA
Answer: D. Partial-thickness burn to 20% of the BSA
QUESTION
Which of the following open soft-tissue injuries is limited to the superficial layer of the skin and results in the least amount of blood loss?
Select one:
A. Incision
B. Abrasion
C. Laceration
D. Avulsion
Answer: B. Abrasion
QUESTION
Which of the following processes occurs during the inflammation phase of the healing process?
Select one:
A. The veins and arteries at the injury site constrict and platelets aggregate, which stops bleeding and causes a temporary increase in the size of the wound.
B. The blood vessels in and around the injury site constrict, which forces bacteria and other microorganisms away, thus preventing significant infection.
C. The immune system releases histamines, which cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, resulting in local redness and swelling.
D. White blood cells are forced away from the injury site, thus allowing an increase in the flow of red blood cells, resulting in increased blood flow.
Answer: C. The immune system releases histamines, which cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, resulting in local redness and swelling
QUESTION
Which of the following statements regarding crush syndrome is correct?
Select one:
A. With crush syndrome, massive blood vessel damage occurs following severe soft-tissue injuries, such as amputation of an extremity.
B. Tissue damage that occurs in crush syndrome is severe, but kidney injury is unlikely because toxins are quickly eliminated from the body.
C. Provided that a patient with a crush injury is freed from entrapment within 6 hours, the amount of tissue damaged is generally minimal.
D. Compromised arterial blood flow leads to crush syndrome and can occur when an area of the body is trapped for longer than 4 hours.
Answer: D. Compromised arterial blood flow leads to crush syndrome and can occur when an area of the body is trapped for longer than 4 hours.
QUESTION
You have applied a dressing and roller-gauze bandage to a laceration on the arm of a young female. During transport, she begins to complain of numbness and tingling in her hand. You should:
Select one:
A. remove the gauze bandage and replace it with an elastic one.
B. carefully manipulate her arm until the symptoms subside.
C. remove the bandage and dressing and apply another one.
D. assess distal circulation and readjust the bandage as needed.
Answer: D. assess distal circulation and readjust the bandage as needed.
QUESTION
A 30-year-old female presents with redness, inflammation, and pain to her left eye. During your assessment, you note that she is having difficulty keeping her eyes open. You should suspect that she is experiencing:
Select one:
A. acute retinitis.
B. a detached retina.
C. conjunctivitis.
D. a corneal abrasion.
Answer: C. conjunctivitis.
QUESTION
A 4-year-old female has a peanut lodged in the external auditory canal of her right ear. You should:
Select one:
A. thoroughly flush her ear with sterile saline.
B. use tweezers to try to remove the object.
C. remove the peanut with a cotton-tipped swab.
D. transport her to the emergency department.
Answer: D. transport her to the emergency department.
QUESTION
A 52-year-old unrestrained female struck the steering wheel with her face when her truck collided with another vehicle. She has obvious swelling to her face and several dislodged teeth. A visual exam of her mouth reveals minimal bleeding. She is conscious and alert with a blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg, a pulse of 110 beats/min, and respirations of 22 breaths/min with adequate tidal volume. You should:
Select one:
A. assist ventilations with a BVM device, immobilize her spine, suction her oropharynx for 30 seconds, and transport.
B. apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, suction her airway as needed, disregard the dislodged teeth, and transport.
C. fully immobilize her spine, attempt to locate the dislodged teeth, suction as needed, and transport.
D. fully immobilize her spine, irrigate her empty tooth sockets, attempt to locate the dislodged teeth, and transport.
Answer: C. fully immobilize her spine, attempt to locate the dislodged teeth, suction as needed, and transport.
QUESTION
A 6-year-old female was riding her bicycle and struck a clothesline with her throat. She is breathing, but with obvious difficulty. Your assessment reveals a crackling sensation in the soft tissues of her neck and facial cyanosis. In addition to the appropriate airway management, the intervention that will MOST likely improve her chance of survival is:
Select one:
A. requesting a paramedic ambulance.
B. careful monitoring her vital signs.
C. rapidly transporting her to the hospital.
D. quickly immobilizing her spinal column.
Answer: C. rapidly transporting her to the hospital.
QUESTION
A factory worker was splashed in the eyes with a strong acid chemical. He complains of intense pain and blurred vision. Your ambulance does not carry bottles of sterile saline or water. You should:
Select one:
A. neutralize the acid chemical in his eye with an alkaline chemical.
B. mix baking soda with water and irrigate his eyes with the solution.
C. irrigate both eyes continuously for 20 minutes with plain water.
D. flush both eyes with an alcohol-based solution and transport.
Answer: C. irrigate both eyes continuously for 20 minutes with plain water.
QUESTION
Bleeding from soft-tissue injuries to the face is MOST effectively controlled with:
Select one:
A. direct pressure using dry, sterile dressings.
B. digital pressure to an adjacent pulse point.
C. ice packs and elevation of the patient's head.
D. pressure dressings and chemical ice packs. [Show Less]