____ refers to a collection of mucinous material within the adventitial wall layer of affected vessel
adventitial cyst
This is a rare,
... [Show More] nonatherosclerotic, fluid collection in lumen of artery - mostly in popliteal artery
cystic adventitial disease
The supraorbital artery originates from the opthalmic artery and joins what branch of the ECA?
superficial temporal artery; this arrangement allows for collateral flow to occur on the same side of the body if the ICA is obstructed
What is a possible collateral pathway for obstruction in the vertebral system or ICA system on the same side?
occipital artery; branch of the ECA, which connects to branches of vertebral arteries to allow collateral flow from anterior circulation to posterior circulation
Which vessels would most likely be occluded in a patient with Plegmasia Alba Dolens?
femoral vein, deep calf veins, popliteal veins; Plegmasia Alba Dolens refers to condition where all deep venous vessels are occluded in extremity causing reduced arterial flow. Leg has a milky white appearance due to severe outflow obstruction and markedly reducing arterial inflow. Leads to ischemia in entire extremity with severe pain.
If the P1 segment of the PCA is occluded on left side, how will flow reach the P2 segment of the PCA?
flow reversal within the left posterior communicating artery; this flow will travel posterior from the left distal ICA to reach the P2 segment
Which artery supplies the penis with blood through the penile artery and its branches?
internal pudendal artery
What will decrease with acute renal allograft rejection?
diastolic flow in the segmental arteries will decrease because the RI will be increased
When does blue toe syndrome occur?
occurs due to distal embolism from a recent invasive procedure, atherosclerotic plaque, or thrombus in the aorta or lower extremity artery
In the circle of Willis, if a difference of ____% is present between the velocities taken in the same vessel on both sides, this can indicate intracerebral disease
>30%
What can lead to systolic flow reversal in the hepatic veins?
significant tricuspid regurgitation; where blood flows back into the right atrium. It can cause right atrium to dilate and pressure increases. If pressure increases, inflow from IVC and hepatic veins will be disrupted and flow reversal in systole can occur
When the effective calf muscle pump contracts, the pressure in the deep calf veins _____
increases;
contracts = increased deep venous pressure prevents flow from superfical system through perforators;
relaxes = decreased deep venous pressure allowing for refill from superficial system through perforators
This disease presents as hypertorphic areas of inflamed tissue found in the aorta and its branches. It is commonly associated with supravalvular aortic stenosis and aortic coarctation. It can also affect the renal and subclavian arteries. Most commonly seen in young females.
Takayasu Arteritis
Why is an acute arterial occlusion in the lower extremity considered a critical finding?
collaterals have not had time to form to redistribute the blood
Which iliac artery demonstrates a lower resistance flow than the other?
internal iliac artery is less resistant because it supplies the pelvic organs with blood
A patient presents for a follow up for the TIPSS located between the right portal vein and right hepatic vein. The chart indicates an abnormal bruit and stenosis is suspected. Where should you look first for the stenosis because it is the most common site of stenosis in a TIPSS?
hepatic vein anastomosis
Describe example of cerebral cross-over collateralization
flow from the left ACA to the right ACA through the anterior communicating artery
If you detect flow toward the transducer in the right ACA while using a transtemporal window, there is most likely an occlusion of the ____ ____
right ICA
The supraorbital artery is a branch of the _____. Branches for the supraobital artery connect with branches of the ____, which is a branch of the ECA. This is a common collateral pathway from the ECA to ICA
ophthalmic artery (ICA); superficial temporal artery (ECA)
What correctly describes the effects of walking on the deep venous pressure in the lower extremity in a patient with post phlebitic syndrome?
Walking causes an immediate, quick drop in pressure in the deep veins at the onset of exercise that quickly returns to pre-exercise levels once the patient stops walking [Show Less]