Test Bank For Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry 6th Edition By Favid L. Nelson, Micheal M. Cox| All
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Chapter Chapter 1 1 The Foundations Foundations of of Biochemistry Biochemistry
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Cellular foundations Cellular foundations
Pages: 33-4 DDiffffiicculttyy: 11 Anns: : CC
In a bacterial cell, the DNA is in the:
A) cell envelope.
B) cell membrane. cell membrane.
C) nucleoid.
D) nucleus.
E) ribosomes. ribosomes.
2. Cellular foundations Cellular foundations
Page: 44 Diiffffiiccullttyy: 11 Annss: : EE
A major change occurring in the A major change occurring in the evolution of eukaryotes from prokaryotes was the develoevolution of eukaryotes from prokaryotes was the develoA) DNA.
B) photosynthetic capab photosynthetic capability. ility.
C) plasma membranes. plasma membranes.
D) ribosomes. ribosomes.
E) the nucleus.
3. Cellular foundations Cellular foundations
Page: 44 Diiffffiiccullttyy: 11 Annss: : BB
In eukaryotes, the nucleus is enclosed by a In eukaryotes, the nucleus is enclosed by a double membrane called the: double membrane called the:
A) cell membrane. cell membrane.
B) nuclear envelope. nuclear envelope.
C) nucleolus.
D) nucleoplasm.
E) nucleosome.
4. Cellular foundations Cellular foundations
Page: 44 Diiffffiiccullttyy: 11 Annss: : CC
The dimensions of living cells are limited, on the The dimensions of living cells are limited, on the lower end by the minimum number lower end by the minimum number of bioof bionecessary for function, and on the necessary for function, and on the upper end by the rate upper end by the rate of diffusion of solutes such as oxyof diffusion of solutes such as oxyExcept for highly elongated cells, they usually have lengths and diameters in the Except for highly elongated cells, they usually have lengths and diameters in the range ofrange of:
A) 0.1 µm to 10 µm.
B)03µmto30µm
2 Chapter 1 The Foundations of Bio5. Cellular foundations
Page: 5 Difficulty: 2 Ans: B
The bacterium E. coli requires simple organic molecules for growth and energy—it is thereA) chemoautotroph.
B) chemoheterotroph.
C) lithotroph.
D) photoautotroph.
E) photoheterotroph.
6. Cellular foundations
Page: 10 Difficulty: 2 Ans: B
Which one of the following has the cellular components arranged in order of increasing siA) Amino acid < protein < mitochondrion < ribosome
B) Amino acid < protein < ribosome < mitochondrion
C) Amino acid < ribosome < protein < mitochondrion
D) Protein < amino acid < mitochondrion < ribosome
E) Protein < ribosome < mitochondrion < amino acid
7. Cellular foundations
Page: 11 Difficulty: 2 Ans: A
The three-dimensional structure of macromolecules is formed and maintained primarily thnoncovalent interactions. Which one of the following is not considered a noncovalent inteA) carbon-carbon bonds
B) hydrogen bonds
C) hydrophobic interactions
D) ionic interactions
E) van der Waals interactions
8. Chemical foundations
Page: 12 Difficulty: 2 Ans: E
Which one of the following is not among the four most abundant elements in living organA) Carbon
B) Hydrogen
C) Nitrogen
D) Oxygen
E) Phosphorus
9. Chemical foundations
Page: 13 Difficulty: 1 Ans: B
The four covalent bonds in methane (CH4) are arranged around carbon to give which one followinggeometries?
Chapter 1 The Foundations of Biochemistry
10. Chemical foundations
Page: 14 Difficulty: 1 Ans: B
What functional groups are present on this molecule?
A) ether and aldehyde
B) hydroxyl and aldehyde
C) hydroxyl and carboxylic acid
D) hydroxyl and ester
E) hydroxyl and ketone
11. Chemical foundations
Page: 16 Difficulty: 1 Ans: D
The macromolecules that serve in the storage and transmission of genetic information areA) carbohydrates.
B) lipids.
C) membranes.
D) nucleic acids.
E) proteins.
12. Chemical foundations
Page: 17 Difficulty: 1 Ans: D
Stereoisomers that are nonsuperimposable mirror images of each other are known as:
A) anomers.
B) cis-trans isomers.
C) diastereoisomers.
D) enantiomers.
E) geometric isomers.
13. Chemical foundations
Page: 20 Difficulty: 3 Ans: E
The enzyme fumarase catalyzes the reversible hydration of fumaric acid to l-malate, but itcatalyze the hydration of maleic acid, the cis isomer of fumaric acid. This is an example oA) biological activity.
B) chiral activity.
C) racemization.
4 Chapter 1 The Foundations of Bio14. Physical foundations
Pages: 21-22 Difficulty: 2 Ans: A
Humans maintain a nearly constant level of hemoglobin by continually synthesizing and dThis is an example of a(n):
A) dynamic steady state.
B) equilibrium state.
C) exergonic change.
D) free-energy change.
E) waste of energy.
15. Physical foundations
Page: 23 Difficulty: 1 Ans: C
If heat energy is absorbed by the system during a chemical reaction, the reaction is said tA) at equilibrium.
B) endergonic.
C) endothermic.
D) exergonic.
E) exothermic.
16. Physical foundations
Page: 23 Difficulty: 2 Ans: D
If the free energy change∆G for a reaction is -46.11 kJ/mol, the reaction is:
A) at equilibrium.
B) endergonic.
C) endothermic.
D) exergonic.
E) exothermic.
17. Physical foundations
Page: 23 Difficulty: 2 Ans: C
The major carrier of chemical energy in all cells is:
A) acetyl triphosphate.
B) adenosine monophosphate.
C) adenosine triphosphate.
D) cytosine tetraphosphate.
E) uridine diphosphate.
18. Physical foundations
Page: 26 Difficulty: 2 Ans: A
Enzymes are biological catalysts that enhance the rate of a reaction by:
Chapter 1 The Foundations of Biochemistry
19. Physical foundations
Page: 27 Difficulty: 1 Ans: B
Energy requiring metabolic pathways that yield complex molecules from simpler precursoA) amphibolic.
B) anabolic.
C) autotrophic.
D) catabolic.
E) heterotrophic.
20. Genetic foundations
Page: 29 Difficulty: 1 Ans: A
Hereditary information (with the exception of some viruses) is preserved in:
A) deoxyribonucleic acid.
B) membrane structures.
C) nuclei.
D) polysaccharides.
E) ribonucleic acid.
21. Genetic foundations
Page: 29 Difficulty: 2 Ans: C
When a region of DNA must be repaired by removing and replacing some of the nucleotidensures that the new nucleotides are in the correct sequence?
A) DNA cannot be repaired and this explains why mutations occur.
B) Specific enzymes bind the correct nucleotides.
C) The new nucleotides basepair accurately with those on the complementary strand.
D) The repair enzyme recognizes the removed nucleotide and brings in an identical one E) The three-dimensional structure determines the order of nucleotides. [Show Less]