Give an example of a medication from PLANTS drug source.
Digitalis, Morphine, Codeine
Give an example of a medication from ANIMALS drug
... [Show More] source.
Insulin, Heparin, Pepsin, Thyroid
Give an example of a medication from MINERALS drug source.
Iron, Calcium, Magnesium, Gold
Give an example of a medication from SYNTHESIZED drug source.
Thiazides, Lomotil, Gantrisin
Chemical Name
Describes the chemical structure of the compound.
Generic Name
(Official name)
Assigned to a drug by the manufacturer, with the approval of the US Adopted Names Council.
Official Name
(Generally the generic name).
Name of the drug in the official reference, the USP/NF.
Trade Name
(Brand name).
Licensed name under which a drug prepared by the specific manufacturer is sold.
Side Effects
Desirable or undesirable effects of a drug apart from the primary purpose for giving the drug.
Local Effect
Having an effect in the immediate area of administration.
Systemic Effect
Having an effect throughout the body.
Idiosyncrasy
A peculiar, unusual, individual response to a drug.
Tolerance
Need for increased dose of a drug to produce the same physical and/or psychological effect.
Cumulation
Increased effects of a drug that is not completely metabolized or excreted before another dose is administered.
Synergism
Drug interaction in which the effect of two drugs in combination is greater than the effect of each drug given seperately.
Antagonism
Drug interaction in which one drug inhibits or cancels the effect of the other drug.
Distribution
Drugs passing into cells and the spaces between cells.
Biotransformation
Drugs being broken down into substances that can be excreted.
Excretion
Drugs leaving the body.
List 6 routes of administration for medications:
Oral, buccal, rectal/vaginal, sublingual, topical, inhalation.
Syrups
A heavy sugar and water solution with flavoring.
Spirits
Alcohol mixed with a volatile oil.
Tincture
10-20% drug solution in alcohol and/or water.
Fluid Extract
A highly concentrated alcohol solution.
Elixir
A solution of alcohol, water, sweetener, an d aromatics.
Emulsion
Oils and fats suspended in water.
Magma
A mixture of heavy particles in water.
Gels
A thick mixture of fine particles with water.
Liniment
Designed to be rubbed in.
Lotion
Designed to be patted on.
Ointment
A preparation in a base of lanolin or petrolatum.
.Opthalmalic
A sterile preparation for application in the eye.
et
and
per
through (or y)
s (with a line above it)
without
ss (with a line above it)
semi or half
Grains, drams, pint, and quart are measurements under which system?
Apothecary
Divide 1/3 by 2/5
5/6
(1/3 x 5/2 = 5/6)
Convert to fractions: 0.4, 1.25, 0.1, .75, and .25
2/5, 1 1/4, 1/10, 3/4, and 1/4
What are the body's 3 lines of defense against germs?
Skin, leukocytes and antibodies.
Amoxicillin, Pen Vee K, and ampicillin are all part of what drug family?
Penicillins
Keflex, Duricef, and cephalexin are all part of what drug family?
Cephalosporins
Bactrim is part of what drug family?
Sulfonamides
fluorouracil is part of what drug family?
Antimetabolites
Leukeran is part of what drug family?
Alkylating Agents
Minocin and Vibramycin are part of what drug family?
Tetracyclines
neomycin and Mycifradin are part of what drug family?
Aminoglycosides
EEs and Erythrocin are part of what drug family?
Erythromycins
Antibiotics used in cancer therapy.
bleomycin
What 2 ways do anti-infectives fight infection
bacteriocidal and bacteriostatic
bacteriocidal
kills bacteria
bacteriostatic
inhibits bacterial growth
Antibiotic
A substance produced by a living microorganisms that can destroy or inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Can be produced in a lab.
Microorganism
Organisms so small they are only visible with a microscope.
Pathogen
An microorganism capable of causing disease
What are the 3 layers of the skin?
epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous
What are 6 symptoms of skin disorders?
Pruritus, erythema, scaling, lesions, ulcerations, and hives.
Ecchymosis
Discoloration of the skin or bruising caused by leakage of blood into the subcutaneous tissue.
Erythema
Reddening of the skin caused by dilation if capillaries.
Psoriasis
Chronic skin condition of unknown cause; characterized by itching, red macules, papules or plaques covered with silvery scales.
Ulceration
Open sore.
Selsun, Clearasil, and Tegrin are all part of what drug family?
Keratolytics
Caladryl, Ivy Dry, and Tucks are part of what drug family?
Astringents
Benzoin spray is considered to be what kind of drug?
Protectants
Atarax is considered to be what kind of drug?
Antipruritics
Bactine, Topicort, and Condran are part of what drug family?
Anti-inflammatories [Show Less]