The numerical average of the annual incomes of 75,000 households is referred to as their _____
household income. - CORRECT ANSWER mean
Which
... [Show More] sociological perspective stresses that society is characterized by struggle between
competing social groups each pursuing wealth, power, and prestige and focuses on how elements
of social structure benefit some groups of people while disadvantaging other groups? -
CORRECT ANSWER conflict theory
Emile Durkheim found that some categories of people have higher suicide rates than other
categories. Which variable did he use to explain the differences in suicide rates? - CORRECT
ANSWER social integration
According to Ferdinand Tönnies, the process of modernization represents the increasing loss of
human community. He called this new type of social organization, in which people are no longer
closely tied by kinship and tradition but instead associate with one another primarily on the basis
of self-interest, as - CORRECT ANSWER Gesellschaft
The sociologist who argued that people in Western industrialized societies are increasingly
guided by rationality rather than tradition; who extensively studied "modern" types of humans
such as scientists, bureaucrats, and capitalists; and who worried that bureaucracies, with their
numerous rules and regulations, would stifle the human spirit, is - CORRECT ANSWER Max
Weber
Which of the three main sociological perspectives have a macro-level orientation? - CORRECT
ANSWER functionalism and conflict theory
As noted in your textbook, research is often affected by gender. The problem that results when
researchers use data drawn from one sex to support conclusions about both sexes is called -
CORRECT ANSWER overgeneralizing
Which of the following was NOT identified in your textbook as one of the kinds of situations
that help people see the influence of society on individuals' lives? - CORRECT ANSWER seeing
how genetics influences individuals' lives
A researcher wants to test the hypothesis that Native Americans are the ethnic group with the
highest rate of childhood mortality. The researcher uses data collected by researchers at the CDC
to test this hypothesis. This researcher is doing what kind of research? - CORRECT ANSWER
use of existing sources
Scientists believe that if a measurement is to be trusted, the measurement process should yield
the same result if repeated time after time. This consistency in measurement is called -
CORRECT ANSWER reliability
Which early sociologist in the U.S. described African Americans as having a double
consciousness? - CORRECT ANSWER W.E.B. DuBois
A sociologist is interested in exploring the social-media habits of all college students in the San
Diego County area. She chooses a subset of this huge group to interview because there are far
too many college students in the county for her to interview all of them. The subset she chooses
is referred to as a - CORRECT ANSWER sample
Which sociological perspective emphasizes that sports in the U.S. are linked to social inequality,
that sports are characterized by inequalities based on gender, race, and economic power? -
CORRECT ANSWER conflict theory
While doing research, sociologists discover there is a strong correlation between the amount of
ice cream sold in a city and the number of deaths by drowning. If further research shows that a
third variable, such as the season of the year, is responsible for the correlation and thus there is
no causal link between the amount of ice cream sold and the number of deaths by drowning, the
correlation is called - CORRECT ANSWER a spurious correlation
There are three criteria for a causal relationship between two variables. Which of the following is
NOT one of these criteria for causation? - CORRECT ANSWER The variables must both be
numerical values
One of the early sociologists was very interested in the sources of cohesion in society and coined
the terms mechanical solidarity and organic solidarity. This same sociologist believed that the
increasing freedom of modern industrialized societies leads to a rise in anomie, which he
identified as a cause of many modern social problems. This sociologist is - CORRECT
ANSWER Emily Durkheim
Sociologists have helped shape public policy in the U.S. in many ways. What was mentioned as
one of the most recent ways they have done this? - CORRECT ANSWER They filed an amicus
curiae brief with the U.S. Supreme Court supporting the right of same-sex couples to marry.
Which of the following statements is TRUE about researchers discussed in your textbook? -
CORRECT ANSWER Philip Zimbardo's research used the experimental method and
investigated the effects of a prison setting on people.
Which of the following statements about the advantages and disadvantages of different research
methods is TRUE? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Peter Berger identified four major characteristics of modernization. Which of the following is
NOT one of these characteristics of modernization? - CORRECT ANSWER the decline of the
idea of personal choice
The textbook mentions "five areas of concern when conducting research with Hispanic" people.
One of these areas of concern is personal space. The textbook mentions that Hispanics are
typically more uncomfortable with strangers than people from other ethnic groups, and therefore
the researcher should be sure to keep a lot of physical distance between him - or herself and the
person being interviewed. - CORRECT ANSWER False
Which of the following is NOT included in the code of ethics for the discipline of sociology? -
CORRECT ANSWER -
Macionis, your textbook author, notes that "striking changes in Europe during the eighteenth and
nineteenth centuries made people think more about society and their place in it, spurring the
development of sociology." Which of the following was NOT identified as one of these three
changes? - CORRECT ANSWER large increases in the number of people involved in organized
religion
Which sociologist is credited with coining the word sociology and believed that scientific
methods should be applied to the study of society, just as they were applied to the study of the
physical world? - CORRECT ANSWER Auguste Comte
Which of the following statements is TRUE about modernization? - CORRECT ANSWER -
The process by which one generation passes culture to the next generation is referred to as -
CORRECT ANSWER cultural transmission
Irish Catholics, Southern California surfers, graffiti artists, bingo enthusiasts, and hip hop
musicians are all examples of - CORRECT ANSWER subcultures
Eurocentrism refers to the fact that all current world maps show Europe in the very center of the
map. - CORRECT ANSWER False
The cultural patterns that distinguish a society's richest and most powerful people are referred to
as posh culture. - CORRECT ANSWER False
Which perspective stresses the cultural diversity in the U.S. and promotes the equality of all the
diverse cultural traditions? - CORRECT ANSWER culturalization theory
Social patterns that are part of every known culture (such as feasting, funeral rites, and telling
jokes) are referred to as _____. - CORRECT ANSWER cultural universals
Macionis, the textbook author, points out that "a society's artifacts partly reflect underlying
cultural values." What does our "high regard for the automobile" reflect? - CORRECT
ANSWER the emphasis we put on individualism and independence
Which of the following statements is TRUE according to an audio lecture on norms? -
CORRECT ANSWER None of the above statements is true.
Miguel, an American tourist, traveled in a very remote area of Southeast Asia for the first time
and felt quite disoriented when he witnessed cultural practices that are very different from his
own. Miguel experienced - CORRECT ANSWER culture shock
The spread of ideas or beliefs or objects from one society to another is referred to as diffusion. -
CORRECT ANSWER True
Groups whose values and norms are fundamentally at odds with the dominant society, who
consciously reject many of the important norms of the dominant society and who are usually
proud of the rejection, groups such as eco-terrorists, the hippies of the 1960s, the Old Order
Amish, and present-day extremist groups in the U.S. such as Neo-Nazis, are known as -
CORRECT ANSWER countercultures
Macionis, the textbook author, mentions the former nation of ____ as an example of how
subcultural differences based on ethnicity and religion can have tragic, violent results. -
CORRECT ANSWER Yugoslavia
Which of the following statements is TRUE when comparing the attitudes of first-year college
students from 1960 and 2016? - CORRECT ANSWER Today's college students are far more
interested in "being very well off financially" compared to students in 1969.
When new elements of material culture develop more quickly than nonmaterial culture can keep
up with them, such as when test-tube babies become possible without the growth of new ideas
about parenthood, this is called ______. - CORRECT ANSWER cultural lag
The production of information using computer technology is referred to as - CORRECT
ANSWER postindustrialism
Which of the following was NOT mentioned on a study guide as an example of how prejudice is
reflected and reinforced in the English language? - CORRECT ANSWER use of the word colorcoding
Anglicization refers to how the English language is rapidly losing native speakers and is no
longer the preferred second language around the world. - CORRECT ANSWER False
The sociological perspective that downplays the importance of change and focuses on shared
values as the core of a culture is _____. - CORRECT ANSWER functionalism [Show Less]