A user used an administrator account to download and install a software application. After the user launched the .exe extension installer file, the user
... [Show More] experienced frequent crashes, slow computer performance, and strange services running when turning on the computer. What most likely happened to cause these issues?
The user installed Trojan horse malware.
A security operations center (SOC) analyst investigates the propagation of a memory-resident virus across the network and notices a rapid consumption of network bandwidth, causing a Denial of Service (DoS). What type of virus is this?
A worm
A user purchased a laptop from a local computer shop. After powering on the laptop for the first time, the user noticed a few programs like Norton Antivirus asking for permission to install. How would an IT security specialist classify these programs?
PUP
A fileless malicious software can replicate between processes in memory on a local host or over network shares. What other behaviors and techniques would classify malware as fileless rather than a normal virus? (Select all that apply.)
Uses lightweight shellcode
Uses low observable characteristic attacks
An attacker is planning to setup a backdoor that will infect a set of specific computers at an organization, to inflict a set of other intrusion attacks remotely. Which of the following will support the attackers' plan? (Select all that apply.)
Computer Bots
Command & Control
If a user's computer becomes infected with a botnet, which of the following can this compromise allow the attacker to do? (Select all that apply.)
Launch a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack
Launch a mass-mail spam attack
Establish a connection with a Command and Control server
If a user's device becomes infected with crypto-malware, which of the following is the best way to mitigate this compromise?
Have up-to-date backups.
During an internal investigation, a security specialist discovered a malicious backdoor script on a system administrator's machine that executes if the admin's account becomes disabled. What type of malware did the specialist discover?
A logic bomb
End-users at an organization contact the cybersecurity department. After downloading a file, they are being redirected to shopping websites they did not intend to navigate to, and built-in webcams turn on. The security team confirms the issue as malicious, and notes modified DNS (Domain Name System) queries that go to nefarious websites hosting malware. What most likely happened to the users' computers?
Spyware infected the computers.
An attacker installs Trojan malware that can execute remote backdoor commands, such as the ability to upload files and install software to a victim PC. What type of Trojan malware is this?
A Remote Access Trojan (RAT)
A hacker is trying to gain remote access to a company computer by trying brute force password attacks using a few common passwords in conjunction with multiple usernames. What specific type of password attack is the hacker most likely performing?
Password spraying attack
An attacker can exploit a weakness in a password protocol to calculate the hash of a password. Which of the following can the attacker match the hash to, as a means to obtain the password? (Select all that apply.)
A dictionary word
A rainbow table
Which of the following attacks do security professionals expose themselves to, if they do not salt passwords with a random value?
A rainbow table attack
How can an attacker make unauthorized use of acquired user and account details from a user's smart card?
Clone it.
What type of attack is occurring when a counterfeit card reader is in use?
Skimming
An attacker discovered an input validation vulnerability on a website, crafted a URL with additional HTML code, and emailed the link to a victim. The victim unknowingly defaced (vandalized) the web site after clicking on the malicious URL. No other malicious operations occurred outside of the web application's root directory. This scenario is describing which type of attack?
Cross-site scripting (XSS)
An attacker escalated privileges to a local administrator and used code refactoring to evade antivirus detection. The attacker then allowed one process to attach to another and forced the operating system to load a malicious binary package. What did the attacker successfully perform?
DLL injection
Using an open connection to a small company's network, an attacker submitted arbitrary queries on port 389 to the domain controllers. The attacker initiated the query from a client computer. What type of injection attack did the attacker perform?
LDAP injection
How can the lack of logic statement tests on memory location variables be detrimental to software in development?
A malicious process can alter the execution environment to create a null pointer, and crash the program.
An attacker gained remote access to a user's computer by exploiting a vulnerability in a piece of software on the device. The attacker sent data that was too large for an area of memory that the application reserved to store expected data. What type of vulnerability did the attacker exploit?
A buffer overflow
Developers found a "time of check to time of use" (TOCTTOU) vulnerability in their application. The vulnerability made it possible to change temporary data created within the app before the app uses the data later. This vulnerability is taking advantage of what process in the application?
Race condition
A web application's code prevents the output of any type of information when an error occurs during a request. The development team cited security reasons as to why they developed the application in this way. What sort of security issues did the team have concerns about in this case?
Revealing database server configuration
An intruder monitors an admin's unsecure connection to a server and finds some required data, like a cookie file, that legitimately establishes a session with a web server. Knowing the admin's logon credentials, what type of attack can the intruder perform with the cookie file?
Replay attack
An attacker submitted a modified uniform resource locator (URL) link to a website that eventually established connections to back-end databases and exposed internal service configurations. The attacker did not hijack a user to perform this attack. This describes which of the following types of attacks?
Server-side request forgery
An attacker modified the HTML code of a legitimate password-change web form, then hosted the .html file on the attacker's web server. The attacker then emailed a URL link of the hosted file to a real user of the web page. Once the user clicked the link, it changed the user's password to a value the attacker set. Based on this information, what type of attack is the website vulnerable to?
Cross-site Request Forgery (XSRF)
The latest web application, using default settings, is currently accepting application programming interface (API) calls over HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP). The environment has a moderate key management system. Even with basic server security, the API connection is vulnerable to which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
Key Discovery
Improper Error handling
Which of the following conditions are results of a SYN (synchronize) flood attack? (Select all that apply.)
Resource exhaustion
Denial of service (DoS)
Amplification?
By compromising a Windows XP application that ran on a Windows 10 machine, an attacker installed persistent malware on a victim computer with local administrator privileges. What should the attacker add to the registry, along with its files added to the system folder, to execute this malware?
A shim
Through what method can malware evade antivirus software detection, so that the software no longer identifies the malware by its signature?
Refactoring
A security engineer implemented once-only tokens and timestamping sessions. What type of attacks can this type of security prevent? (Select all that apply.)
A pass-the-hash attack
A replay attack [Show Less]