RED HESI TEST BANK MED-SURG
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2022
Based on the clinical manifestations of Cushing syndrome, which nursing
intervention would be
... [Show More] appropriate for a client who is newly diagnosed with Cushing
syndrome?
A. Monitor blood glucose levels daily.
B. Increase intake of fluids high in potassium.
C. Encourage adequate rest between activities.
D. Offer the client a sodium-enriched menu. - ANS-A. Monitor Blood Glucose Levels
Cushing syndrome results from a hypersecretion of glucocorticoids in the adrenal
cortex. Clients with Cushing syndrome often develop diabetes mellitus. Monitoring of
serum glucose levels assesses for increased blood glucose levels so that treatment
can begin early. A common finding in Cushing syndrome is generalized edema.
Although potassium is needed, it is generally obtained from food intake, not by
offering potassium-enhanced fluids. Fatigue is usually not an overwhelming factor in
Cushing syndrome, so an emphasis on the need for rest is not indicated A lowcalorie, low-carbohydrate, low-sodium diet is not recommended.
The nurse is assessing a male client with acute pancreatitis. Which finding requires
the most immediate intervention by the nurse?
A. The client's amylase level is three times higher than the normal level.
B.While the nurse is taking the client's blood pressure, he has a carpal spasm.
C.On a 1 to 10 scale, the client tells the nurse that his epigastric pain is at 7.
D.The client states that he will continue to drink alcohol after going home. - ANSB.While the nurse is taking the client's blood pressure, he has a carpal spasm.
Rationale:
A positive Trousseau sign indicates hypocalcemia and always requires further
assessment and intervention, regardless of the cause (40% to 75% of those with
acute pancreatitis experience hypocalcemia, which can have serious, systemic
effects). A key diagnostic finding of pancreatitis is serum amylase and lipase levels
that are two to five times higher than the normal value. Severe boring pain is an
expected symptom for this diagnosis, but dealing with the hypocalcemia is a priority
over administering an analgesic. Long-term planning and teaching do not have the
same immediate importance as a positive Trousseau sign.
The nurse is completing an admission interview for a client with Parkinson disease.
Which question will provide additional information about manifestations that the client
is likely to experience?
A. "Have you ever experienced any paralysis of your arms or legs?"
B. "Do you have frequent blackout spells?"
C."Have you ever been frozen in one spot, unable to move?"
D. "Do you have headaches, especially ones with throbbing pain?" - ANS-C. Have
you ever been frozen in one spot, unable to move?"
Rationale:
Clients with Parkinson disease frequently experience difficulty in initiating,
maintaining, and performing motor activities. They may even experience being
rooted to the spot and unable to move. Parkinson disease does not typically cause
option A, B, or D.
The nurse notes that the client's drainage has decreased from 50 to 5 mL/hr 12
hours after chest tube insertion for hemothorax. What is the best initial action for the
nurse to take?
A. Document this expected decrease in drainage.
B. Clamp the chest tube while assessing for air leaks. C. Milk the tube to remove any
excessive blood clot buildup.
D. Assess for kinks or dependent loops in the tubing. - ANS-D.Assess for kinks or
dependent loops in the tubing.
Rationale:
The least invasive nursing action should be performed first to determine why the
drainage has diminished. Option A is completed after assessing for any problems
causing the decrease in drainage. Option B is no longer considered standard
protocol because the increase in pressure may be harmful to the client. Option C is
an appropriate nursing action after the tube has been assessed for kinks or
dependent loops.
A 77-year-old female client is admitted to the hospital with confusion and anorexia of
several days' duration. She has symptoms of nausea and vomiting and is currently
complaining of a headache. The client's pulse rate is 43 beats/min. The nurse is
most concerned about the client's history related to which medication?
A. Warfarin (Coumadin)
B. Ibuprofen (Motrin)
C. Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat)
D. Digoxin (Lanoxin) - ANS-D. Digoxin
Rationale:
Older persons are particularly susceptible to the buildup of cardiac glycosides, such
as digoxin or digitoxin (medications derived from digitalis), to a toxic level in their
systems. Toxicity can cause anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, and
fatigue. Options A, B, and C are unlikely to result in the symptoms described.
The nurse is observing an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) performing morning
care for a bedridden client with Huntington disease. Which care measure is most
important for the nurse to supervise?
A. Oral care
B.Bathing
C. Foot care
D. Catheter care - ANS-A. Oral care
Rationale:
The client with Huntington disease experiences problems with motor skills such as
swallowing and is at high risk for aspiration, so the highest priority for the nurse to
observe is the UAP's ability to perform oral care safely. Options B, C, and D do not
necessarily require registered nurse (RN) supervision because they do not ordinarily
pose life-threatening consequences.
A client who is receiving an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor for
hypertension calls the clinic and reports the recent onset of a cough to the nurse.
Which action should the nurse implement?
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