Portage Learning BIOD 151 A&P 1 Final Exam Prep Q&A
List two organs contained in the abdominal cavity.
The abdominal cavity contains the stomach,
... [Show More] intestines, spleen and liver
True or False?
a. Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria. (T or F)
b. The purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ATP. (T or F)
c. Integral proteins are only found on the inner surface of a cell membrane. (T or F)
d. Endocytosis is the process that occurs to eject biomacromolecules from the cell. (T or F)
e. Pinocytosis uses a signaling molecule from another cell, binding to the cell membrane to
bring about changes within the cell proteins. (T or F)
a. True b. True c. False d. False e. False
You are observing two cells under the microscope. They are the same type of eukaryotic cell
but one appears much larger. Based on appearance alone, which one would you expect to be
carrying out respiration at a more active rate, the larger or smaller cell? Explain why.
I believe it is the smaller cell that will breathe at a more active rate because in order for
respiration to occur efficiently and more actively the surface area to volume ratio is very critical;
also, if the larger surface area is present then the diffusion of gases occur at a higher rate; so,
larger cells will have a smaller surface to volume ratio and diffusion that will occur at a slower
rate creating a less active respiration; and, on the other hand smaller cells will have a larger
surface area to volume ratio and an improved diffusion rate, so the higher rate and more active
respiration.
The smaller cell. Cells need to remain relatively small because as a cell expands the amount of
surface area relative to the volume of the cell decreases. The smaller cell is more active because
relative to its volume, its surface area is larger than a bigger cell. With a larger surface area
(relative to its volume) this allows the metabolic processes to occur faster.
Note: Essay answers must clearly be in your own words.
Explain what happens to the epiglottis during swallowing. Why?
During swallowing the epiglottis moves inferiorly to close off and prevent aspiration by
covering the trachea and creating a passage for liquid, food, or bolus into the esophagus; and,
preventing these things from entering into the lungs.
Air and food pass in which one of the following areas:
Oropharynx
From widest to narrowest, the branches of the bronchial tree are:
Primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, bronchioles
Explain why someone who has hypergastrinemia (excessive secretion of gastrin) might
develop gastric/stomach ulcers.
Hypergastrinemia leads to excess secretion of the gastrin hormone, which induces excess
secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach; and, the excess acid then acts as a protective
mucousa layer causing disruption that can lead to those ulcers.
Gastrin stimulates the secretions of pepsinogens and hydrochloric acid. Excess amounts would
lead to erosion of the stomach lining.
Note: Essay answers must clearly be in your own words. Answer the following [Show Less]