Your 21 year old patient is complaining of a feeling of a "foreign-body sensation" in their eye, but nothing is there. She wears contacts.
What is the
... [Show More] likely dx?
(chalazion, corneal abrasion, hordeolum)
corneal abrasion
This disorder of the eye presents with redness and irritation, fever, sore throat, cough and decreased visual acuity.
What is the likely dx?
conjunctivitis, uveitis, keratitis
keratitis (note the decreased visual acuity is not usu. present in conjunctivitis)
What a serious consequence of untreated otitis media in the pediatric patient?
(conjunctivitis, meningitis, mastoiditis, sepsis)
mastoiditis
Usu. caused by minor trauma such as from a fingernail, contact lens, eyelash or foreign body. Patient will present with pain and sensation of a foreign body and it can be accompanied by photophobia, tearing, injection and blepharospam.
Corneal abrasion
Patient presents w/ a corneal abrasion. What should you do before examining or treating?
record visual acuity
Slit lamp examination of the eye reveals an epithelial defect but a clear cornea. What is the likely dx?
corneal abrasion
What is the treatment for a corneal abrasion?
topical anesthetic will provice immediate relief, but will retard healing.
-saline irrigation - antibiotic ointment (gentamicin)
patch for no longer than 24hrs
daily f/u
Patient presens to your clinic with pain, photophobia an tearing. Examination reveals circumcorneal injection and watery to purulent discharge. Fluorescein staining will reveal a dense corneal infiltrate with overlying epithelial defect. Dx?
(corneal abrasian, blehpariits, corneal ulcer)
Corneal ulcer
How should you treat a corneal ulcer?
REFER TO OPTHALMOLOGIST
stain lesion and culture
Avoid this treatment in a corneal ulcer because they will cause further tissue loss and increase risk of perforation
topical steroids
This disorder of the eye may be age related or secondary to the toxic effects of drugs such as chloroquine or phenothiazine. It is the leading cause of irreversible central visual loss.
Macular degeneration
Prevalence of age related macular degeneration increases after what age
50
Cholorquine or phenothiazine are drugs that can cause this disorder of the eye.
macular degeneration
In macular degeneration, drusten deposits are found in the ____ membrane, leading to degenerative changes, loss of nutritional supply, atrophy and neovascular degeneration.
bruchen
What is the chief clinical feature of macular degeneration?
gradual loss of central vision
The phenomenon of wavy or distorted vision and can be measured with an amsler grid.
metamorphopsia
What is the treatment for macular degeneration?
no effective treatment, if detected early laser therapy or intravitreal injections of monoclonal antibody drugs may slow progression
These supplments can reduce the progression of macular degeneration.
vitamins, antioxidants, zinc, copper and omega 3 fatty acids
Defined as an increased intraocular pressure w/ optic nerve damage.
Glaucoma
Any impediment to the flow of aqeuous humor through the trabecular meshwork and canal of schlemm will increase pressure in the anterior chamber in Glaucoma.
T or F
T
What type of glaucoma is most common?
open angle
affects ppl > 40 and african americans
This is an opthalmic emergency characterized by painful eye and loss of vision. Physical exam will reveal circumlimbal injection, steamy cornea, fixed mid-dilated pupil, decreased visual acuity and tearing.
Angle closure glaucoma [Show Less]