What are the 4 pelvic bones that form the pelvic ring?
1 &2: hip bones
3: Sacrum
4: Coccyx
What are the 3 bones that make up the pubic bone?
1:
... [Show More] Ileum
2: Iachium
3: Pubis
True or False? The true pelvis is more inferior than the false pelvis.
True
What are the boundaries of the true pelvis?
Anterior: Public Bone
Posterior: Sacrum/ Coccyx
Lateral: Acetabulum
What are the boundaries of the false pelvis?
Lateral: Iliac Wings
Anterior: Abdominal Wall
What are the 3 pelvic muscles?
1: Psoas Major
2: Iliacus
3: Illopsoas
The lower part of the kidney is pushed out by what pelvic muscle?
Psoas Major
What are the true pelvis muscles?
1: Obturator Internua
2: Levator Ani
3: Coccygenous
4: Piriformis
What vessel does the ovarian artery branch off of?
The Aorta
What are the 2 blood supplies to the ovary?
1: Ovarian Artery
2: Uterine artery branch to the ovary
Describe the round ligament:
Runs from the lateral side of the uterus to the floor of the pelvis
What 2 organs does the uterus sit between?
1: Bladder
2: Rectum
What is the vaginal fornix?
Area between vaginal walls and the cervix
What are the 2 openings of the cervix?
Internal OS
External OS
What are the 3 layers of the uterus?
1: Endometrium (Inner)
2: Myometrium (Middle)
3: Serosa (Outer)
What are the 3 structures in the pelvic adnexa?
1: Fallopian Tubes
2: Ovary
3: Broad Ligament
Name 5 parts of the fallopian tubes:
1: Fimbriated Ends
2: Infundibulum
3: Ampulla
4: Isthmus
5: Interstitial
What is the function of the fimbriated end of the fallopian tube?
Sweeps the egg into the tube from the ovary
What is the most common site for ectopic pregnancies in the fallopian tube to occur?
Ampulla
What is the average ovary size?
3x2x1 cm
What are the functions of the ovary?
1: Hormone Production
2: Produces Eggs
What is the Pouch of Douglas?
1. Posterior Cul-de-sac
2. Anterior to rectum
3. Posterior to uterus
Where is the Anterior Cul-de-sac?
1. Anterior to the uterus
2. Posterior to the bladder
What are the days in the menstrual cycle that are considered the menstrual phase?
Days 1-5
What are the days that make up the proliferative phase in the menstrual cycle?
Days 6-14
What days make up the secretatory phase of the menstrual cycle?
Days 14-27
What days make up the ischemic phase of the menstrual cycle?
Day 28
Describe the menstrual phase:
The functional layer of the endometrium is sloughed off, leaving the basilar layer of the endometrium exposed, looks thin on ultrasound
Describe the proliferative phase:
1. Estrogen begins rising
2. Follicles developing
3. Endometrium has a tri-layer appearance by the late proliferative phase
Describe the echo-texture of the functional and basilar layers of the endometrium on ultrasound:
Functional Layer: Hypoechoic
Basilar Layer: Hyperechoic
During what stage of menstrual cycle does the corpus luteum develop?
Secretatory Phase
What does the secretatory phase look like on ultrasound?
Thick Endometrium
What is the Corpus part of the uterus?
The body
What is the isthmus of the uterus?
Area between the body of the Uterus and the cervix
What is the cornua of the uterus?
Area where the uterus and fallopian tubes meet
What is the average pre-pubertal size of the uterus?
Length: 2.0-3.3 cm
Anterior/ Posterior: 0.5-1.0 cm
True or False? The cervix on a pre-pubertal uterus is small in comparison to the cervix.
True, the cervix is 1/2-2/3 the size of the entire length of the uterus and cervix
What does Nulliparous mean?
Has not had children
Which embryological ducts become the female productive system?
Mullerian Ducts
What are the resulting abnormalities if the mullerian ducts do not fuse?
Uterine abdnormalities
(Ex> Bicornuate bicollis)
What are primordial follicles?
Immature follicles
What is FSH?
Follicle stimulating hormone
What is LH?
Luteinizing Hormone
What 2 hormones have a drastic increase that results in ovulation?
LH and Prostaglandin
What is oliogomenorrhea?
Infrequent or light periods
What is amenorrhea?
Not having periods
What is menorrhagia?
Heavy bleeding during periods
What is Dysmenorrhea?
Painful Periods
What is metrorrhagia?
Bleeding that occurs between periods
What is polymenorrhea?
Too frequent periods
What does DUB stand for?
Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding
What does AUB stand for?
Abnormal uterine bleeding
What is a follicular cyst?
Cystic structure on an ovary that results when a follicle is too large (> 2.5cm) [Show Less]