NURS 190 Quiz 5 - Questions and Answers The abdomen is the largest CAVITY in the body that contains 3 systems: -digestive -urinary -reproductive system
... [Show More] Alimentary canal hollow tube from the mouth to the anus Esophagus, stomach, small & large intestine size: -esophagus: 10'' long, -stomach: is dependent on how much food a person ingests -small: 18-21" -large: 5-5.5' The liver (LARGEST organ/gland in body) -produces bile -antibody -produces substance for coagulation of blood -aid in protein -fat and carb metabolism -detoxify harmful substances in the body -stores vitamins The gallbladder stores and releases what? -storage for bile that is produced by the liver, and releases the bile stored when fat is eaten for FAT EMULSIFICATION. The pancreas (ENDOcrine & EXOcrine gland) -ENDO: secretes insulin for carb and sugar metabolism -EXO: secretes pancreatic juice to assist with the digestion of protein, fat, & carbs The spleen (largest LYMPHOID organ) -graveyard of RBC -site for lymphocytic proliferation -immune surveillance -filters blood -destroys worn out RBC -return worn out products to the liver The URINARY system is composed of -kidneys -ureters -bladder -urethra Glomeruli -clusters of capillaries of the kidney, and it filters more than 1 liter of fluid per min. Landmarks of URINARY system -CVA (costal vertebral angle) -rectus abdominus -symphysis pubis ABDOMINAL landmarks (reference points) there's five. -xyphoid process -umbilicus -costal margin -iliac crest -pubic bone Age 75+ -loss of nephrons leading to less glomerular filtration of the kidney, leading to drug toxicity BPH (benign prostatic hypertrophy) -age 85+, 95% of men will have BPH resulting in urinary retention, or trickling in voiding Urolithiasis (kidney stone) -stones that block urinary tract -most common in caucasian *Nurse: strain all urine, save renal stone, report to Dr. associated with family histories, encourage 3 liters of fluid per day, make sure patient is NOT on fluid restriction, if patient is you canNOT encourage them to drink more fluid **S/S: -bladder inflammation -UTI -radiation therapy -unable to empty bladder completely -urine is saturated with salt, calcium, urea and uric acid Mapping -process of dividing the abdomen into quadrants or 9 regions for the purpose of a physical exam [Show Less]