NR507 MIDTERM CHAMBERLAIN Verified Answers
(Graded A+ )
1. Epigenetics - CORRECT ANSWERS heritable alterations that are not due to
changes in DNA
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2. epigenetic modifications, or "tags," such as DNA methylation and histone
modification - CORRECT ANSWERS alter DNA accessibility and chromatin
structure, thereby regulating patterns of gene expression.
histone modifications - CORRECT ANSWERS A histone modification is a covalent
post-translational modification (PTM) to histone proteins which includes methylation,
phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitylation, and sumoylation. The PTMs made to
histones can impact gene expression by altering chromatin structure or recruiting
histone modifiers. Histone proteins act to package DNA, which wraps around the eight
histones, into chromosomes. Histone modifications act in diverse biological processes
such as transcriptional activation/inactivation, chromosome packaging, and DNA
damage/repair. Quantitative detection of various histone modifications would provide
useful information for a better understanding of epigenetic regulation of cellular
processes and the development of histone modifying enzyme-targeted drugs.
1. Prader-Willi syndrome - CORRECT ANSWERS Prader-Willi syndrome is a
complex genetic condition that affects many parts of the body. In infancy, this
condition is characterized by weak muscle tone (hypotonia), feeding difficulties,
poor growth, and delayed development. Beginning in childhood, affected
individuals develop an insatiable appetite, which leads to chronic overeating
(hyperphagia) and obesity. Some people with Prader-Willi syndrome, particularly
those with obesity, also develop type 2 diabetes (the most common form of
diabetes)
2. Angelman syndrome - CORRECT ANSWERS Angelman syndrome is a complex
genetic disorder that primarily affects the nervous system. Characteristic features
of this condition include delayed development, intellectual disability, severe
speech impairment, and problems with movement and balance (ataxia). Most
affected children also have recurrent seizures (epilepsy) and a small head size
(microcephaly). Delayed development becomes noticeable by the age of 6 to 12
months, and other common signs and symptoms usually appear in early
childhood.
3. Prader-Willi Syndrome vs. Angelman syndrome - CORRECT ANSWERS
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and Angelman syndrome (AS) are clinically distinct
complex disorders mapped to chromosome 15q11-q13. They both have
characteristic neurologic, developmental, and behavioral phenotypes plus other
structural and functional abnormalities. However, the cognitive and neurologic [Show Less]