NR 602 Midterm Exam - Questions and Answers What is the most common cause of HFM? Coxsackie A 16 What are s/s of HFM? Fever Vesicular eruptions in
... [Show More] oropharynx that may ulcerate Maculopapular rash involving hands & feet Rash evolves into vesicles, esp. on dorsa of hands/feet Lesions on buccal mucosa, palate, palms/soles, buttocks Malaise Abd pain Enlarged anterior cervical/submandibular nodes How long does HFM usually last? 1-2wks When does the exanthem of HFM occur? Usually 1-2 days after oral lesions What are some differentials for HFM? Herpangina Stevens-Johnson syndrome What is the treatment for HFM? Maintain hydration Cool liquids Avoid spicy food Rest Topical aluminum hydroxide/mag hydroxide gel w/diphenhydramine applied to painful lesions Topical anesthetics: Kank A, Orabase What is strep pharyngitis? Acute inflammation of pharynx/tonsils, associated w/crowding (like school, daycare) What are s/s of viral pharyngitis? Red/swollen tonsils Red/swollen throat Cough (almost always excludes Strep) Conjunctivitis Nasal congestion Diarrhea What are s/s of bacterial pharyngitis? Swollen uvula White spots Red/swollen tonsils Red/swollen throat Gray, furry tongue What commonly causes viral pharyngitis? Rhinovirus Adenovirus Parainfluenza Epstein-barr virus What commonly causes bacterial pharyngitis? Group A strep What increases the risk of getting pharyngitis? Fam h/o rheumatic fever Day care What are s/s of strep throat? Cervical adenopathy Fever >102 No cough/nasal congestion Petechiae on soft palate Beefy red tonsils Sandpaper rash (nose, neck, torso) Abd pain HA What are some diagnostic tests for pharyngitis? Rapid strep CBC (WBC shift to the left) Monospot if mono suspected What are some treatments for pharyngitis? Gargle with salt water Change toothbrush PCN x1 IM or x10d PO 1st gen cephs x10d Azithro (if PCN) What is the incubation period for pharyngitis? 2-5d When is a consult/referral needed for pharyngitis? Evidence of acute renal failure Reddish, tea colored urine (2-3w post-infection) When is a pt no longer contagious with pharyngitis? After 24h on abx What is kawasaki dz? Acute, febrile, immune-mediated, self-limited dz characterized by vasculitis. Leading cause of acquired heart dz in kids. 85% <5yo Most prevalent in Japan What is diagnostic criteria for Kawasaki dz? Requires 5d of fever plus >/= 4 of the following: -Bilat bulbar conjunctival injection -Oral mucus membrane changes (injected/fissured lips, injected pharynx, strawberry tongue) -Periph extrem. changes (erythema of palms/soles, edema of hands/feet, periungual) -Polymorphous rash -Cervical lymphad. (>/= 1 lymph node >1.5cm in diam) What is stage 1 of Kawasaki dz? Acute (1-2w): -High fever 103-105 x5d unresponsive to abx -Oral mucosa lesions may last 1-2w [Show Less]