NR 510 Final Exam Week 8 – Question and Answers (Latest)
Chamberlain College of Nursing NR 510 Final Exam Week 8 – Question and Answers
... [Show More] (Latest)
Question 1.1. What is the most commonly reported symptom of cancer treatment? (Points : 2)
Nausea
Fatigue
Hair loss
Weight loss
Question 2.2. Where are Langerhans cells found? (Points : 2)
Skin
Intestinal lining
Kidney
Thyroid
Question 3.3. An infant has a crescendo-decrescendo systolic ejection murmur located between the second and third intercostal spaces along the left sternal border. A wide fixed splitting of the second heart sound is also found. These clinical findings are consistent with which congenital heart defect? (Points : 2)
Atrial septal defect (ASD)
Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Atrioventricular canal (AVC) defect
Question 4.4. Which statement is true concerning a fungal infection? (Points : 2)
Fungal infections occur only on skin, hair, and nails.
Phagocytes and T lymphocytes control fungal infections.
Fungal infections release endotoxins.
Vaccines prevent fungal infections.
Question 5.5. A hypersensitivity reaction that produces an allergic response is called: (Points : 2)
Hemolytic shock
Anaphylaxis
Necrotizing vasculitis
Systemic erythematosus
Question 6.6. What period follows depolarization of the myocardium and represents a period during which no new cardiac potential can be propagated? (Points : 2)
Refractory
Hyperpolarization
Threshold
Sinoatrial (SA)
Question 7.7. Which renal change is found in older adults? (Points : 2)
Sharp decline in glomerular filtration rate
Sharp decline in renal blood flow
Decrease in the number of nephrons
Decrease in urine output
Question 8.8. Cystic fibrosis is caused by which process? (Points : 2)
Autosomal recessive inheritance
Autosomal dominant inheritance
Infection
Malignancy
Question 9.9. What is the most common predisposing factor to obstructive sleep apnea in children? (Points : 2)
Chronic respiratory infections
Adenotonsillar hypertrophy
Obligatory mouth breathing
Paradoxic breathing
Question 10.10. What is the major virus involved in the development of cervical cancer? (Points : 2)
Herpes simplex virus type 6
Herpes simplex virus type 2
Human papillomavirus
Human immunodeficiency virus
Question 11.11. Which normal physiologic change occurs in the aging pulmonary system? (Points : 2)
Decreased flow resistance
Fewer alveoli
Stiffening of the chest wall
Improved elastic recoil
Question 12.12. Which cancer originates from connective tissue? (Points : 2)
Osteogenic sarcoma
Basal cell carcinoma
Multiple myeloma
Adenocarcinoma
Question 13.13. Which blood cells are the chief phagocytes involved in the early inflammation process? (Points : 2)
Neutrophils
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Erythrocytes
Question 14.14. An infant diagnosed with a small patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) would likely exhibit which symptom? (Points : 2)
Intermittent murmur
Lack of symptoms
Need for surgical repair
Triad of congenital defects
Question 15.15. Which type of microorganism reproduces on the skin? (Points : 2)
Viruses
Bacteria and fungi
Protozoa and Rickettsiae
Mycoplasma
Question 16.16. During an infection, why do lymph nodes enlarge and become tender? (Points : 2)
B lymphocytes proliferate.
The nodes are inflamed.
The nodes fill with purulent exudate.
The nodes are not properly functioning.
Question 17.17. Which hormone prompts increased anxiety, vigilance, and arousal during a stress response? (Points : 2)
Norepinephrine
Epinephrine
Cortisol
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Question 18.18. The area of the kidneys that contains the glomeruli and portions of the tubules is called the: (Points : 2)
Medulla
Cortex
Pyramids
Columns
Question 19.19. In which structure does B lymphocytes mature and undergo changes that commit them to becoming B cells? (Points : 2)
Thymus gland
Regional lymph nodes
Bone marrow
Spleen
Question 20.20. Research has shown a link between cancer and which sexually transmitted disease? (Points : 2)
Syphilis
Gonorrhea
Human papillomavirus
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Question 21.21. Which vitamin improves the absorption of oral iron taken to treat iron deficiency anemia in children? (Points : 2)
A
B
C
E
Question 22.22. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune process involving antibodies attacking which type of cells? (Points : 2)
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Platelets
Basophils
Question 23.23. An infant has a continuous machine-type murmur best heard at the left upper sternal border throughout systole and diastole, as well as a bounding pulse and a thrill on palpation. These clinical findings are consistent with which congenital heart defect? (Points : 2)
Atrial septal defect (ASD)
Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Atrioventricular canal (AVC) defect
Question 24.24. The tonic neck reflex observed in a newborn should no longer be obtainable by: (Points : 2)
2 years
1 year
10 months
5 months
Question 25.25. What is the function of erythrocytes? (Points : 2)
Tissue oxygenation
Hemostasis
Infection control
Allergy response
Question 26.26. Clinical manifestations of Parkinson disease are caused by a deficit in which of the brain’s neurotransmitters? (Points : 2)
Gamma-aminobutyric acid
Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Acetylcholine
Question 27.27. The BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations increase the risk of which cancer in women? (Points : 2)
Ovarian
Lung
Uterine
Pancreatic
Question 28.28. Which term is also used to refer to paradoxic sleep? (Points : 2)
Non-REM
Light
REM
Delta wave
Question 29.29. Which person is at the greatest risk for developing delirium? (Points : 2)
An individual with diabetes celebrating a 70th birthday
A depressed Hispanic woman
An individual on the second day after hip replacement
A man diagnosed with schizophrenia
Question 30.30. Which term is used to describe an intestinal obstruction caused by the invagination of the ileum into the cecum and part of the ascending colon by collapsing through the ileocecal valve? (Points : 2)
Congenital aganglionic megacolon
Malrotation
Intussusception
Volvulus
Question 31.31. The mucosal secretions of the cervix secrete which immunoglobulin? (Points : 2)
IgA
IgE
IgG
IgM
Question 32.32. A blunt force injury to the forehead would result in a coup injury to which region of the brain? (Points : 2)
Frontal
Temporal
Parietal
Occipital
Question 33.33. Acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) may be accompanied by a positive throat or skin culture for which bacteria? (Points : 2)
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Haemophilus
Question 34.34. How can glaucoma cause blindness? (Points : 2)
Infection of the cornea
Pressure on the optic nerve
Opacity of the lens
Obstruction of the venous return from the retina
Question 35.35. Aldosterone directly increases the reabsorption of: (Points : 2)
Magnesium
Calcium
Sodium
Water
Question 36.36. How does the release (increase) of epinephrine raise body temperature? (Points : 2)
The release of epinephrine causes shivering.
It affects muscle tone.
It raises the metabolic rate.
It increases and strengthens the heart rate.
Question 37.37. Which assessment finding characterizes Osgood-Schlatter disease? (Points : 2)
Lateral epicondylitis of the elbow
Inflammation of the anterior cruciate ligament
Bursitis of the subscapular bursa in the glenohumeral joint
Tendinitis of the anterior patellar tendon
Question 38.38. Using a fan to reduce body temperature is an example of which mechanism of heat loss? (Points : 2)
Evaporation
Radiation
Convection
Conduction
Question 39.39. Which statement is true regarding the major difference between male and female sex hormone production? (Points : 2)
Luteinizing hormone has no apparent action in a man.
In a man, sex hormone production is relatively constant.
Estradiol is not produced in a man.
In a man, gonadotropin-releasing hormone does not cause the release of follicle stimulating hormone.
Question 40.40. Which clinical manifestations would be expected for a child who has complete trisomy of the twenty-first chromosome? (Points : 2)
Widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse body hair
An IQ of 25 to 70, low nasal bridge, protruding tongue, and flat, low-set ears
High-pitched voice, tall stature, gynecomastia, and an IQ of 60 to 90
Circumoral cyanosis, edema of the feet, short stature, and mental slowness
Question 41.41. What is the function of the mucus secreted by the Bartholin glands? (Points : 2)
Enhancement of the motility of sperm
Lubrication of the urinary meatus and vestibule
Maintenance of an acid-base balance to discourage proliferation of pathogenic bacteria
Enhancement of the size of the penis during intercourse
Question 42.42. What syndrome, characterized by an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome, exhibits features that include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, and webbed neck? (Points : 2)
Down
Cri du chat
Turner
Klinefelter
Question 43.43. The secretion of adrenocorticotropic-stimulating hormone (ACTH) will result in the increased level of which hormone? (Points : 2)
Thyroxine
Insulin
Cortisol.
Antidiuretic hormone
Question 44.44. The data reporting that sickle cell disease affects approximately 1 in 600 American blacks is an example of which concept? (Points : 2)
Incidence
Prevalence
Ratio
Risk
Question 45.45. Which condition is considered a clinical cause of amenorrhea? (Points : 2)
Disorder in the endometrium
Obstruction of the fallopian tubes
Lack of physical exercise
Failure to ovulate
Question 46.46. What is the first sign of puberty in girls? (Points : 2)
Breast enlargement
Growth of pubic hair
Menstruation
Vaginal discharge
Question 47.47. What term is used to identify the condition that exists when the urethral meatus is located on the undersurface of the penis? (Points : 2)
Hypospadias
Epispadias
Hyperspadias
Chordee
Question 48.48. The presence of a zygote having one chromosome with the normal complement of genes and one with a missing gene is characteristic of which genetic disorder? (Points : 2)
Cri du chat
Down syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome
Turner syndrome
Question 49.49. Obesity acts as an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus by: (Points : 2)
Reducing the amount of insulin the pancreas produces
Increasing the resistance to insulin by cells
Obstructing the outflow of insulin from the pancreas
Stimulating the liver to increase glucose production
Question 50.50. In scoliosis, curves in the thoracic spine greater than how many degrees result in decreased pulmonary function? (Points : 2)
40
50
60
80
Question 51.51. The failure of bones to ossify, resulting in soft bones and skeletal deformity, characterizes which disorder? (Points : 2)
Osteogenesis imperfecta
Rickets
Osteochondrosis
Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease
Question 52.52. Which type of fracture usually occurs in an individual who engages in a new activity that is strenuous and repetitive? (Points : 2)
Stress
Greenstick
Insufficiency
Pathologic
Question 53.53. It is true that myasthenia gravis: (Points : 2)
Is an acute autoimmune disease.
Affects the nerve roots.
May result in adrenergic crisis.
Causes muscle weakness.
Question 54.54. Which clinical manifestations are associated with fibromyalgia? (Points : 2)
Hot, tender, and edematous muscle groups bilaterally
Fasciculations of the upper and lower extremity muscles
Exercise intolerance and painful muscle cramps
Sensitivity at tender points and profound fatigue
Question 55.55. Which type of diarrhea results from lactose intolerance? (Points : 2)
Secretory
Motility
Osmotic
Small volume
Question 56.56. Which change is a result of puberty and defends the vagina from infection? (Points : 2)
The pH stabilizes between 7 and 8.
A thin squamous epithelial lining develops.
Vaginal pH becomes more acidic.
Estrogen levels are low.
Question 57.57. Which dietary lifestyle choice has been associated with a decreased risk for developing colon cancer? (Points : 2)
Increased consumption of dairy produces
Increased consumption of foods containing vitamin C
Decreased consumption of foods high in fat
Decreased consumption of artificial food coloring
Question 58.58. Which type of ion directly controls the contraction of muscles? (Points : 2)
Sodium
Potassium
Calcium
Magnesium
Question 59.59. At 2 or 3 weeks of age, an infant who has been well fed and has gained weight begins to vomit for no apparent reason. The vomiting gradually becomes more forceful. These symptoms may be indicative of which disorder? (Points : 2)
Esophageal atresia
Congenital aganglionic megacolon
Pyloric stenosis
Galactosemia
Question 60.60. Which water-soluble vitamin is absorbed by passive diffusion? (Points : 2)
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B1
Vitamin K
Folic acid
Question 61.61. The common property among the three types of medications used to treat depression is that they: (Points : 2)
Increase neurotransmitter levels within the synapse.
Increase neurotransmitter levels in the presynapse.
Decrease neurotransmitter levels in the postsynapse.
Decrease neurotransmitter levels within the synapse.
Question 62.62. Which pancreatic enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates? (Points : 2)
Trypsin
Amylase
Lipase
Chymotrypsin
Question 63.63. What anchors articular cartilage to the underlying bone? (Points : 2)
Sharpey fibers
Collagen fibers
Glycoproteins
Elastin fibers
Question 64.64. The absence of which major hormone is a determinant of sexual differentiation (wolffian system) in utero? (Points : 2)
Estrogen
Progesterone
Growth hormone
Testosterone
Question 65.65. Which hormone is linked to an increase in appetite during puberty? (Points : 2)
Inhibin
Leptin
Activin
Follistatin
Question 66.66. What is the first indication of nephrotic syndrome in children? (Points : 2)
Periorbital edema
Scrotal or labial edema
Frothy urine
Ascites
Question 67.67. Neurofibrillary tangles characterize which neurologic disorder? (Points : 2)
Dementia syndrome
Delirium
Alzheimer disease
Parkinson disease
Question 68.68. What is the most common opportunistic infection associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)? (Points : 2)
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Kaposi sarcoma
Toxoplasmosis
Cytomegalovirus
Question 69.69. What causes the crystallization within the synovial fluid of the joint affected by gouty arthritis? (Points : 2)
Reduced excretion of purines
Overproduction of uric acid
Increase in the glycosaminoglycan levels
Overproduction of proteoglycans
Question 70.70. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is released to stimulate thyroid hormone (TH) and is inhibited when plasma levels of TH are adequate. This is an example of: (Points : 2)
Positive feedback
Negative feedback
Neural regulation
Physiologic regulation
Question 71.71. Transcription is best defined as a process by which: (Points : 2)
DNA polymerase binds to the promoter site on ribonucleic acid (RNA).
RNA directs the synthesis of polypeptides for protein synthesis.
RNA is synthesized from a DNA template. ??
A base pair substitution results in a mutation of the amino acid sequence.
Question 72.72. Which medical diagnosis is characterized by tissue degeneration or irritation of the extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon? (Points : 2)
Lateral epicondylitis
Medial tendinitis
Bursitis
Lateral tendinitis
Question 73.73. What is the target tissue for prolactin-releasing factor? (Points : 2)
Hypothalamus
Anterior pituitary
Mammary glands
Posterior pituitary
Question 74.74. Loud snoring, a decrease in oxygen saturation, fragmented sleep, chronic daytime sleepiness, and fatigue are clinical manifestations of which sleep disorder? (Points : 2)
Obstructive sleep apnea
Upper airway resistance syndrome
Somnambulism
Narcolepsy
Question 75.75. What directly causes ovulation during the menstrual cycle? (Points : 2)
Gradual decrease in estrogen levels
Sudden increase of LH
Sharp rise in progesterone levels
Gradual increase in estrogen levels [Show Less]