CHAPTER 1
Nursing Today
Benner's Model of Novice to Expert
Novice
Advanced beginner
Competent
Proficient
Expert
ANA definition of
... [Show More] nursing
the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations
ANA Standards of Nursing Practice
Assessment
Diagnosis
Outcomes Identification
Planning
Implementation
Coordination of Care
Health Teaching + Health Promotion
Consultation
Prescriptive Authority + Treatment
Evaluation
ANA Standards of Professional Performance
Ethics
Education
Evidence-Based Practice
Quality of Practice
Communication
Leadership
Collaboration
Professional Practice
Resources
Environmental Health
Autonomy
Essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of independent nursing interventions without medical orders.
Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN)
Most independently functioning nurse; has masters degree in nursing
Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS)
An APRN who is an expert clinician in a specialized area of practice
Nurse Practioner (NP)
Are prepared to provide direct client care in primary care settings, focusing on health promotion, illness prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of common health problems
Certified Nurse-Midwife (CNM)
An APRN who is also educated in midwifery and is certified by the American College of Nurse-Midwifes
Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA)
An APRN with advanced education in a nurse anesthetia accredited program
Nurse Educator
works primarily in schools of nursing, staff development departments of health care agencies, and patient education departments
Nurse Administrator
manages patient care and the delivery of specific nursing services within a health care agency
Nurse Researcher
conducts evidence-based practice and research to improve nursing care and further define and expand the scope of nursing practice
Florence Nightingale
Founder of modern nursing; started first organized program to train nurses; first practicing nurse epidemiologist; connected sanitation with cholera and dysentery
Clara Barton
Nurse during the Civil War; founder of the American Red Cross
Mary Mahoney
First professionally trained African American nurse
Mary Adelaide Nutting
First professor of nursing at Columbia University Teachers College in 1906.
Compassion fatigue
described as physical, emotional, and spiritual exhaustion resulting from seeing patients suffer, leads to a decreased capacity to show compassion or empathize with suffering people
Burnout
Occurs when perceived demands outweigh perceived resources
Lateral violence
Aggressive and destructive behavior or psychological harassment of nurses against each other
Genomics
Study of whole genomes, including genes and their functions
CHAPTER 2
Health Care Delivery System
Health Services Pyramid
Managing health instead of illness
Emphasis on wellness
Injury prevention programs
Primary Health Care
Focuses on improved health outcomes for an entire population; includes primary care and health education, proper nutrition, maternal/child health care, family planning, vaccines, and control of diseases
Intensive Care
Patients receive close monitoring and intensive medical care
Psychiatric Facilities
Patients who suffer emotional and behavioral problems such as depression, violent behavior, and eating disorders often require special counseling and treatment in psychiatric facilities
Rural Hospitals
Located in a county that has a low population density
Restorative Care
Care that helps persons regain their health, strength, and independence
Home Care
Provision of medically related professional and paraprofessional services and equipment to patients and families in their homes for health maintenance, education, illness prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease, palliation, and rehabilitation
Rehabilitation
Restores a person to the fullest physical, mental, social, vocational, and economic potential possible
Extended Care Facility
A facility that provides health care and help with the activities of daily living to people who may be physically or mentally unable to care for themselves; this type of care may last from days to years
Skilled Nursing Facility (SNF)
Includes administration of IV fluids, wound care, long term ventilator management, and rehab
Continuing Care
For people who are disabled, functionally dependent, or suffering a terminal disease
Assisted Living
A living arrangement for elderly people that combines privacy and independence with medical supervision
Respite Care
A type of care provided for caregivers of homebound ill, disabled, or elderly patients; gives the normal care-takers time off [Show Less]