NR 222 ATI Nurses Touch Stress Causes Effects and Management Dictation Notes
NR222 ATI Nurses Touch Stress Causes Effects and Management Dictation
... [Show More] Notes
Touch Stress Causes Effects and Management Dictation Notes
Nurse’s Touch: Wellness and Self-Care
Module: Stress, Effects, and Management
Introduction
Stress causes effects and management this module teaches you about the basics of stress it defines stressed he tells the three main components of stress and explains the mind body connection when it comes to dealing with stress next this module delves into the physiological stress response In other words how your body reacts to different stressors and what effect stress has on your body overtime you'll learn about Hans Selye general adaptation syndrome along with the fighter flight response what happens to your body if you consistently live in a state of elevated stress it may have more of a lasting effect than you think this module teaches you how stress can lead to illness and disease along with signs that intervention is necessary as a nurse what types of stressors do you experience this module presents in detail some of the workplace stressors inherent in the profession and shows you how they could eventually lead to compassion or career burnout with all this talk about stress this module would not be complete without presenting some coping strategies and relaxation techniques you or your clients may use to help eliminate or manage your stress there is a lot of material ahead of you in this module so taking deep cleansing breath inhale and exhale letting your worries and stress release from your body on your exhalation OK Are you ready it's time to talk about stress
The body’s Three Stage Reaction to Stress – General Adaptation Syndrome
From an anonymous author comes these words of wisdom stresses like an iceberg we can see 1/8 of it above but what about what's below Hansel yay an endocrinologist and researcher identified a specific pattern of physiological adaptations in rats after repeated exposure to stress these adaptations included an increase in the production of stress hormones and an enlargement of the adrenal cortex which produces stress hormones a decrease in infection fighting white blood cells leading ulcers atrophy of the lymphatic glands and death Selye called these progressive stress related changes and he called the body's attempt to adapt to the changes that general adaptation syndrome
Stages of the General Adaptation Syndrome
The general adaptation syndrome has three stages alarm resistance and exhaustion in the first stage alarm you activate the fight or flight response you put several body systems primarily the nervous and endocrine systems on alert and activate them they remain in that activated state unless you deal with or remove the stressor in the second stage resistance your body tries to recover by adapting to the continued stress it produces more epinephrine or adrenaline increases blood pressure and alertness suppresses your immune system and tenses your muscles remaining in the stage can cause a higher metabolic rate in some organs and eventually you deplete your ability to resist leading to the third and final stage exhaustion during exhaustion one or more of your body's organs fails to function properly due to the increased demands overtime the result is illness or death Selye’s research led to a further understanding of the strong correlation between stress and disease and laid the groundwork for the use of relaxation techniques in an effort to reduce stress
Fight or Flight
Educator author and stress expert doctor George Everly stated to understand the stress response we must possess a fundamental knowledge not only of psychology but a Physiology as well well then what happens to the body during stress to find out take a closer look at the fighter flight response in 1914 Harvard physiologist Walter cannon introduced the concept of the fight or flight response in his research he noted that when presented with a stressor the body prepares itself for immediate action in one of two ways fight and defend based on an emotion of anger or aggression or run an escape based on an emotion of fear
Connection Between Mind and Body in Periods of Stress
The Toll of Stress Takes
What is stress and how does it affect you some health experts speculate that stress is the cause of as much as 85% of all illnesses and diseases 85% as a health care professional when it makes sense for you to focus your efforts on the one thing responsible for such a huge percentage of society's health care problems
The Concept of Stress
There are many definitions of stress the important concept to keep in mind is that stress is the inability to cope with the threat or disruption you perceive to your physical mental emotional and spiritual well-being this triggers a series of physiological responses and adaptations the stress response is unique to each individual as its basis is that person's perception of the stressor
Stress – Variations and Components
Now that you know it stresses take a look at the variations in what constitutes stress there are three main components of stress environmental or physical mental and emotional
Stress – The Environmental or Physical Component
The environmental or physical component includes situations that become obstacles to the achievement of our goals or to having positive experiences examples of these obstacles are the death of a loved one theft unpleasant interactions with others job or school problems or major disasters such as war fires floods or other severe weather related catastrophes
Stress – More About the Environmental or Physical Component
Some common acute stressors of the environmental or physical component are noise hunger danger and infection some common chronic stressors are long-term relationship problems loneliness and lack of control
Stress – The Mental Component
The mental component of stress is your appraisal of the severity of the situation and your unique ability to cope with a potential stressor your psychological makeup is the basis for how you react what could be a significant stressor to someone else might not stress you at all
The Mental Component of Stress
Mr Sherwood I'm going to go over your discharge instructions now do you have all the information the rehab team left with you earlier today yes think so papers around here somewhere here there it looks like you have everything set up and you're ready to go remember all your exercises and will briefly go over the signs and symptoms of infection that you want to lookout for at home wish my son could hear all this information to know he can't fly it until tomorrow I'm afraid I'm gonna fall again the doctors in rehab team have cleared you I think you'd be happy to be going home the client is demonstrating the mental component of stress although it seems the health care team is taking care of everything for the client he's thinking about his son not being present and his fears about falling the discharge planner doesn't make it any easier with her non therapeutic communication style meeting discharge criteria is a relief from any clients but in this case it's a stressor for Mr Sherwood
Stress – The Emotional Component
Finally the emotional component of stress consists of the actual emotions or feelings that arise from your mental assessment of the stressor such as anger fear anxiety or depression
The Emotional Component of Stress
Hey Julie guess what it's across all day yesterday and most of last night but I stayed up late and I finished the holiday scheduling you are going to be so happy you have Christmas off this year what why I know you didn't request it but I'm sure you'd want to spend the time with you next time don't assume you know I work every holiday you should ask me first Julie is demonstrating the mental and emotional components of stress the emotion that arises from her assessment is anchor which she directs tord Courtney Courtney doesn't know that Julie does not like to be alone on the Holidays and that her family lives far away and usually can't be with her to avoid disappointment Julie chooses to work because it's less stressful for her than being alone
The Severity of the Situation
As you can see although a stressor may originate from the environment it's truly your mind that interprets the severity of the situation it's from that point that you decide how to deal with the stress are based on your perception your experience and the resources you have available for protection
Stress – The Physiological Response
Now that you know an environmental situation can in the shape stress it's time to learn how the mind interprets the stress that elicits emotions where does the body come in can the mind's interpretation of a situation actually cause a physiological response in the body what do you think
The Physiological Response to Stress
Better get started passing out medications what's that noise who's that yelling call you can you come and help me out here something's wrong all right guys got another 5 yards Wisconsin just store the nurse is interpreted the sound coming from the client's room as he possible threat or danger be stressful situation for sure both nurses experienced physiological changes due to the anticipated stress as indicated by colleen's racing heart and Claudia sweaty palms calling use her available resources namely Claudia for added protection from the proceeds stressor
Processing the Stress Response
As you probably guessed the answer to the earlier question is yes the minds interpretation of a situation can cause a physiological response in the body you will learn about the response in the body in detail shortly when your mind stresses your heart rate can increase and your palms may sweat this is because you must first process the stress response at the mental level before it can continue on the pathway toward a physiological response on the other hand you can also use your mind to calm down your body or even to help you recover from illness
Your Mind, Your Body
There is now actual proof that your mind is your body and your body is your mind biofeedback hypnosis image visualization guided imagery autogenic training meditation and progressive muscle relaxation all provide evidence of the very real connection between the mind and body now it's time to briefly introduce these modalities
Biofeedback
Biofeedback is a technique that uses an electronic monitoring device to amplify the electrochemical energy the bodies organs produce that feedback facilitates learned self-control of physiological responses biofeedback demonstrates success in treating more than 150 medical problems including headaches asthma high blood pressure and back pain
Hypnosis
Hypnotism was originally called mesmerism after Viennese physician Franz Anton mesmer who introduced the technique in the late 18th century the method has changed throughout the years however the result is the same hypnosis accesses the unconscious mind through relaxation this creates a state of increased suggest ability that directly affects the biochemical mechanisms responsible for healing hypnosis has been successful in treating wars asthma seasonal rhinitis that's hay fever and other allergies along with modifying behaviors such as smoking and overeating
Image Visualization
Image visualization is the use of mental images to change behavior or promote healing and relaxation by using this technique you can actually reprogram a negative image that elicits the stress response this can lead to changes in unhealthy behaviors such as smoking gambling or drinking alcohol image visualization can also change heart rate blood pressure body temperature and hormone production
Guided Imagery
Guided imagery is similar to image visualization and practicing guided imagery instructor therapist or counselor suggests the imagery to invoke a spontaneous flow of thoughts that originate from the unconscious mind image visualization is usually a conscious choice with intentional instructions and with a purpose of changing yourself in some way
Autogenic Training
The word autogenic means self-regulation autogenic training uses autosuggestion to reprogram the mind to override the stress response this is true control of the body through the mind by concentrating on such phrases as my heartbeat is calm and regular or my lungs breathe for me you can slow down your heart rate or relieve anxiety this technique also demonstrates success in improving the quality of life for people who have chronic conditions such as emphysema asthma or cancer click ahead to see an example of autogenic training in action
Meditation
Meditation is the quieting of the mind by using focused awareness to reflect on internal stimuli as opposed to external stimuli you can calm the mind from sensory overload meditation has many proven health benefits such as lower blood pressure decreased heart rate reduced pain and relief from some chronic health problems such as asthma and arthritis [Show Less]