peripheral nerve block for ankle ORIF would complain if which symptom - Answer- metallic taste in mouth
positioning arms correctly to avoid pressure on
... [Show More] the elbow to prevent - Answer- ulnar nerve injury
positioning device for bariatric patients prior to intubation - Answer- upper body ramp
depolarizing muscle relaxant that produces generalized fasciculations - Answer- succinylcholine
hemostatic device offers rapid and secure method of clamping, metal and MRI compatible - Answer- ligating clip
positioning device for head cases - Answer- mayfield head positioner
suture permanently attached at the end of the needle referred to as - Answer- swaged
overpressurization can lead to - Answer- hypercarbaria
most commonly used local anesthetic - Answer- lidocaine
double gloving - Answer- the american college of surgeons endorses double gloving for all surgery and invasive procedures
anesthesia that lets patients maintain their own airway and be easily aroused from sleep - Answer- moderate sedation / analgesia
who requires two patient identifiers on specimen labels - Answer- JCO
factor with high influence on wound healing that the surgical team can control - Answer- tissue handling
patient at highest risk for hypothermia in perianesthesia phase - Answer- 3 week old neonate for cardiac anomaly
suture best suited for intestinal anastomosis - Answer- vicryl
trailing a new insuflation system, over-pressurization leads to - Answer- hypercarbia
process of decontamination begins when - Answer- at completion of the surgical procedure
which injury is NOT related to a patient being placed in the lateral position - Answer- compression of abdominal cavity
primary substance found in epidermis that protects body from fluid loss and invasion of pathogens - Answer- keratin
correct statement regarding closed gloving - Answer- closed gloving can only be used for initial gloving
what measure can be taken to prevent aspiration based on patient's history - Answer- cricoid pressure during induction
on factor that describes high incidence of musculoskeletal disorders among surgical techs and nurses - Answer- the cumulative effect of repeated patient handling events q
allergic contact dermatitis with natural rubber latex - Answer- puritis, edema, erythema and visicles 6-48 hours after exposure
patient reports latex allergy, carries epi pen and beta-agonist inhaler - Answer- true latex allergy
191.18 kg patient scheduled for surgery; interventions to enhance patient safety - Answer- use of an OR bed to accommodate patient weight and size
risk reduction strategy to reduce sharps injury - Answer- passing sharp items using neutral / hands free techniques instead of passing hand to hand
self retaining retractor for large patient - Answer- bookwalter
silk loses tensile strength after what period of time - Answer- 1 year
physical characteristic of suture - Answer- knot strength
appropriate steps to remove sterile gown - Answer- wipe gloves clean, untie side of gown, grasp gown at one shoulder seam
practice for sponge, sharp, and instrument counts follows: - Answer- institutional policy
laparoscopic trocars placed by resident; unusual occurance that could lead to sepsis - Answer- inadvertent trocar puncture through bowel on insertion
risk factor for PONV - Answer- FEMALE GENDER
source of radiation in OR - Answer- C arm
ideal suture material is one that has handling characteristics such as - Answer- pliability
NOT a characteristic of silk suture - Answer- memory
risk reduction strategy to reduce RSI - Answer- replacing or tagging sponges and laparotomy instruments with RFID chips
skin injuries related to shearing occur when the patient is in what position - Answer- trendelenburg
intracorporeal suture technique uses suture tying process analogous to - Answer- instrument tying
health professionals should employ which strategy to reduce risk of allergic reaction to latex - Answer- use powder free gloves that have low levels of protein and chemical allergens
patient right regarding consent - Answer- right to informed consent
patient has numb and tingly mouth, lips and tongue, and metallic taste after peripheral nerve block - Answer- a toxic overdose to local anesthetic, monitoring and increasing flow rate in IV saline
select the intervention that is an engineered control factor to protect patient from hypothermia - Answer- set ambient room temp between 68-73
CO2 gas is used to insufflate to: - Answer- 9 L/min, 14-16 mm Hg
treatment for LAST includes - Answer- lipids
correct order of removal for soiled sterile attire - Answer- gown, gloves, mask
sponge counts should be performed - Answer- before the procedure, before closure of each body cavity, before wound closure, at skin closure
suture that helps eliminate tension of primary suture line - Answer- retention
tensile strength of lactic and glycolic acid polymers is sufficient for how many weeks - Answer- 2-3
concern with large doses of ketamine - Answer- respiratory depression
patient having cardiac surgery, consider all of the following except: - Answer- RBCcount?
there are blank main coronary arteries which originate in the blank - Answer- 2, sinuses of valsalva
most stable and rigid fixation of a fracture - Answer- locked plating system
NOT included in the retroperitoneal space - Answer- spleen
filtering mechanism if located in which region of the kidney - Answer- renal cortex ?
damage to cranial nerve VII - Answer- drooping of the corned of the mouth
which lab values are indicative of acute pancreatitis resulting from blockage in the ampulla of vater - Answer- amylase, lipase
absolute contraindication for a cholecystectomy is - Answer- uncontrolled coagulopathy
ductal ectasia is difficult to distinguish from cancer because it presents with - Answer- a hard irregular mass, nipple discharge, and enlarged axillary nodes
wound classification for breast surgery - Answer- clean
correct path of cardiac conduction system - Answer- SA, AV< bundle of his, purkinjie fibers
branch of the left main coronary artery - Answer- circumflex coronary artery
patient with CVI is not often treated surgically because - Answer- CVI is not life threatening or limb threatening
venous structure that prevents blood backflow - Answer- semilunar intimal folds
communication with anesthesia in cases involving facial nerves - Answer- muscle relaxants, paralytic agents, and some local anesthetics must be avoided
primary function of three thyroid hormones - Answer- regulate energy metabolism
absences of distinct teniae serves as visual landmark for - Answer- upper margin of rectum
lymphatics of small bowel and portions of colon are located in - Answer- mesentary
point of insertion for iliopsoas muscle - Answer- lesser trochanter
femoral hernias occur more frequently in - Answer- women
minimally invasive technique used to remove thyroid tumors deep in the mediastinum - Answer- thoracoscopy
colon wall has 5 layers which include - Answer- mucosa
possible benefit to paramedian incision - Answer- decreased risk for hernia
transthoracic esophagectomy with lymph node dissection for cancer of esophagus; which approach - Answer- upper midline abdominal and right thoracotomy
burn patient; preparation performed before patient comes to OR - Answer- prewarm the OR to above the ambient high temp for adult
distinguishing characteristic of large intestine - Answer- teniae coli, haustra, epiploic appendages
51 y/o male with hepatobiliary disease; pre op assessment includes - Answer- review his chart for bleeding and coagulation times and platelet count
boundaries for skin prep for patient receiving liver transplant - Answer- neck to midthigh, bedline to bedline
during kidney transplant prior to clamping vessels, drugs given - Answer- heparin and mannitol
hernias that occur in the heselbach's triangle - Answer- direct inguinal hernia
incision for removing cancerous testis - Answer- midportion of scrotum
correct statement regarding trigone of bladder - Answer- forms the base of the bladder
nerve supply for female pelvis comes from - Answer- superior hypogastric plexus
tear to the meningeal artery results in what kind of hematoma - Answer- epidural
bloodless plane that contains loose areolar tissue and permits mobility of scalp - Answer- subgleal space
vessels of the circle of willis include - Answer- posterior communicating artery
cranial nerve responsible for pupillary reaction - Answer- cranial nerve III
primary divisions of nerve are known as - Answer- rami
disadvantage of harrington rods - Answer- rod breakage is increased
nerves in the lower extremity not commonly implicated in positioning related neuropathies - Answer- popliteal
use of PMMA can result in which adverse reaction - Answer- transient hypotension
ASPECT OF BONE HEALING THAT IS PRESERVED THROUGH INTRAMEDULLARY REAMING - Answer- maintenance of fracture hematoma
closed reduction is the treatment of choice for fractures because - Answer- decreased opportunity for infection
most commonly used pediatric premedication - Answer- versed
child is being pre oped for surgery and nurse notices mild myotonia congenita; appropriate risk reduction strategy would be - Answer- perform careful assessment of family hx to identify risk for developing MH
congenital anomaly that best reflects indications of fetal surgery - Answer- congenital diaphragmatic hernia
scoring range for GCS - Answer- 15, 3
pneumonic AMPLE - Answer- allergies, medications, PMH, last meal, event leading to injury
why must evidence be placed in a paper bag and not a plastic bag - Answer-
mulitple trauma wound patient, what is appropriate for rapid preparation of this patient - Answer- prep patient from suprasternal notch to mid thigh B
why must evidence be placed in a paper bag and not a plastic bag - Answer- plastic bags may trap moisture and allow mold growth, destroying evidence
person responsible for marking the patient - Answer- surgeon
concept of risk management - Answer- all of the above
patient safety strategy that reduces medication errors - Answer- tracing origin and insertion of all tubes and catheters
contributing factors to friction and shearing - Answer- transfer process from OR bed to stretcher
most common pattern of hearing loss in older adults - Answer- bilateral symmetric sensorineural
skin injuries are often overlooked or not linked to surgery because - Answer- injuries often have a delay in appearance
the perioperative nurse - Answer- all of the above
JCAHO model of risk management includes - Answer- all of the above
cutting suture knots of non absorbable suture - Answer- 1/2 inch
most common complication following ACDF - Answer- difficulty swallowing
humidity levels in the OR range between - Answer- 40-70
complication that can occur as a result of rapid high pressure is - Answer- hypotension
dry time for most skin preps - Answer- 3-5 minutes
structures located within the broad ligaments - Answer- fallopian tubes, ureters, uterine vessels
most common size needle for skin closure - Answer- 3/8
one of the two strongest layers in tissue closure - Answer- fascia
aortic root is located - Answer- at the junction of the origin of the ascending aorta and the left ventricle
a reason for conversion of lap cholecystectomy to open - Answer- inability to remove a stone from the CBD via ERCP
must consider which of the following when decided treatment for breast cancer - Answer- size of tumor
absolute contraindication for cholecystectomy - Answer- uncontrolled coagulopathies
most common used incision for C section - Answer- pfannensteil
another name for the left colonic flexure - Answer- splenic flexure
what structures comprise the medial border of Hesselbach's triangle - Answer- lateral edge of the rectus abdominal muscle
ligament that connects the laminae of the spine - Answer- ligamentum flavum
medication used in cardiac surgery to prevent spasms of vessels - Answer- papaverine
muscle critical in stabilization of knee joint - Answer- quad
borders of the triangle of calot - Answer- hepatic duct, cystic duct, inferior edge of right lobe of the liver
during a THA using the posterior lateral approach, the RNFA will dislocate the head of the femur using - Answer- flexion, adduction, external rotation
identify the fascia which is an extension of the internal oblique muscle and covers the spermatic cord - Answer- cremaster
technique primarily used for women having prophylactic mastectomy with immediate reconstruction - Answer- nipple sparing
patient uses ephedra, if halothane is used during procedure, patient is at risk for - Answer- ventricular arrhythmias
left and right lobes of the liver are divided by - Answer- falciform ligament
of the nerves associated with thyroid gland, which can be affected by compression resulting from enlarged left atrium - Answer- NOT right recurrent
left recurrent ?
positioning considerations for a patient undergoing TRAM flap reconstruction - Answer- raise head of bed to low fowlers flex position to reduce stretching on abdominal donor graft wound site
fine needle aspiration of suspicious breast in males - Answer- aspirate fluid is cytologically examined
incision for a modified radical mastectomy - Answer- oblique elliptical incision with lateral extension towards axilla
patients with acute arterial insufficiency present with 6 Ps; occlusion can be result of which condition - Answer- rupture of an unstable atherosclerotic plaque
desirable characteristic that influences surgeon's choice of graft - Answer- hypoallergenic
discharge planning for patient who underwent endovascular surgery going home on anticoagulation therapy - Answer- do not use tools such as saws or hammers which could lead to an accident
first major branch of the internal carotid artery - Answer- ophthalmic artery
velour grafts are impregnated with which of the following - Answer- gelatin
statement regarding doppler is true - Answer- water soluble gel is needed when the doppler is used on intact skin
AAAs occur primarily in what area - Answer- between renal arteries and the aortic bifurcation
correct branch of the left main coronary artery - Answer- circumflex coronary artery
documentation requirement unique to vascular surgery - Answer- clamp application and removed times
presence of a bruit on auscultation of a blood vessel - Answer- blood flow is disrupted
boundary between buccal cavity and lingual cavity - Answer- teeth
which surgical approach reduces morbidity and mortality in removal of an acoustic tumor - Answer- translabryinthine approach
patient schedule for nasal surgery using epinephrine; what should be considered - Answer- cardiac history
patient scheduled for thyroidectomy, which tray should be readily available - Answer- trach tray
which ocular blocks carries the highest risk - Answer- retrobulbar block
UPPP is performed to relieve OSA and snoring; common indications for UPPP - Answer- o2 saturation below 80, apnea index worse than 20
benefit to patient undergoing SILS procedure - Answer- less post operative pain
hernia that involves both a direct and indirect hernia - Answer- pantaloon hernia
which is NOT a risk factor for developing ventral hernias - Answer- male gender
innervation of the lungs is part of what system - Answer- autonomic
blood supply to the jejunum and ileum come entirely from branches of the - Answer- superior mesenteric artery
blood supply to the transverse colon - Answer- middle colic artery
rationale for technique in tumor removal/cancer procedures is - Answer- prevent mechanical metastasis
the renal artery and vein enter the kidney o the medial side through a concave area known as the - Answer- hilum
best description of a successful skin graft outcome - Answer- the recipient site develops a new blood supply from the base of the wound
statement about the liver, pancreas, and spleen that is true - Answer- all three are solid organs and are very vascular
"triangle" anotomic landmark that is knowns by the 3 C's - Answer- Calot's
most common complication of Meckel's diverticulum - Answer- GI bleeding
layer before reaching the rectus abdominis muscle - Answer- scarpa's fascia
structures located in the inguinal canal - Answer- spermatic cord and round ligament
cancer in the urothelial layer of the bladder - Answer- inner
the inner thoracic lymph nodes can also be a channel for - Answer- spread of metastasis
the mediastinal surface of the lungs contains a structure known as - Answer- hilum
the adrenal glands can be located by their shapes, which are - Answer- triangular, crescent
most commonly injured intra-abdominal organ in blunt trauma - Answer- spleen
statement that best reflects the functional components of the GI tract - Answer- alimentary canal extends from the mouth to the anus
The mesh-plug open hernia repair technique is indicated for which type(s) of hernias? - Answer- recurrent indirect inguinal hernias
how much of the entire circulating blood volume do the kidneys process - Answer- 1/5
Incision for open cholecystectomy - Answer- right subcostal
perineal glands that secrete mucus - Answer- bartholin glands
potential risk associated with pneumoperitoneum - Answer- gas embolus into an exposed blood vessel during the procedure
fibrous bands of tissue found between abdominal structures not normally connected - Answer- adhesions
practice designed to prevent unique MIS problem - Answer- direct coupling
physical barrier used in prevention of adhesions that can take up to two weeks to absorb and is indicated in most open procedures - Answer- NOT seprafilm
interceed?
triad of anatomic sites of abdominal wall weakness with a potential for hernias - Answer- inguinal canal, fermoral rings, umbilicus
treatments for a fire fighter who experienced full thickness burns - Answer- debridement and allograft placement during initial healing
benefit to paramedian incision - Answer- decreased risk for hernia
most common non emergent surgery in USA - Answer- cholecystectomy
teniae coli consist of how many longitudinal bands of muscle - Answer- 3
correct flow of bile from the gallbladder - Answer- cystic duct, common duct, ampulla of vater, duodenum
each lunch contains how many segments - Answer- 3 ? page 855
when removing a cancerous testis, incision will be - Answer- just above the inguinal ring
pelvic floor consist of which muscle group - Answer- levator ani and coccygeal muscles
structure that supports the uterus and contains uterine artery and vein - Answer- cardinal ligaments
which describes a hydrocele - Answer- refers to an excess of fluid within the tunica vaginalis of the scrotum
which statement about the prostate best reflects its location, size and weight - Answer- the prostate sits below the base of the bladder, is 4 cm at the base and weighs 20-30 grams
ovarian artery is a branch of which vessel - Answer- aorta
nerve supply for the female pelvis comes from the autonomic nerves that enter the pelvis through the - Answer- superior hypogastric plexus
which layer or the uterus contains the lymphatics - Answer- myometrium
signs of symptoms of TURP syndrome - Answer- seizures
cranial nerve that, if injured in surgery, results in vocal cord paralysis - Answer- x
singular bones in the cranial cavity - Answer- frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital
trigeminal nerve provides motor innervation for which muscle group - Answer- muscle of mastication
bloodless plane that contains loose areolar tissue and permits mobility of scalp - Answer- subgleal space
dura fold that separates right and left cerebral hemispheres - Answer- falx cerebri
brainstem consists of what three structures - Answer- midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
which sulci is of particular anatomic importance during surgery - Answer- lateral sulcus
What part of the hip are the hemispherical reamers used on? - Answer- acetabulum
potential for limb shortening and malformation when the fracture line involes the - Answer- epiphyseal plate
The part of the femur that is most susceptible to fracture in conjunction with osteoporosis is: - Answer- femoral neck
good candidates for replantation are those with the following amputations - Answer- almost any body part of a child
intervention provided for elderly patient's skeleton - Answer- position the patient using appropriate padding and joint protection devices
which of the following regarding PMMA is NOT an effect on local tissue - Answer- skin burns due to exothermic reaction
postoperative infection in any joint replacement is - Answer- usually catastrophic
young children are predisposed to increased vagal tones which can be induced by - Answer- painful stimuli such as eye surgery or abdominal retraction
procedure designed to create a competent antireflux barrier - Answer- nissen
which is not included in the terrible triad - Answer- PCL tear
if PMMA is not used, what replacement product, element, or substances is - Answer- autologous bone graft
during a total hip, the instrument used to access the femoral canal is - Answer- box osteotome ? (p. 723)
during lumbar laminectomy, residual bleeding can be controlled using - Answer- bipolar bayonet forceps
structure located within the cancellous bone that is important for weight bearing and providing strength to withstand stresses placed on the bone - Answer- trabeculae
length of time for inflation of an upper extremity tourniquet on a patient under 50 years old - Answer- 1 hour, 250-300 mmHg
bone graft sealed in a sterile labeled envelope from a tissue transplant company stores in a vacuum sealed freezer and monitored with an alarm - Answer- allograft
advantage of an open rather than closed reduction technique - Answer- direct observation and verification of fracture alignment
complication of patellectomy - Answer- reduced knee extension
one cause of avascular necrosis - Answer- decreased blood supply to the femoral head
most commonly fractures carpal bone - Answer- scaphoid
rotator cuff consists of which group of muscles - Answer- supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
femoral neck fractures are more common in women than men because of - Answer- osteoporosis
what event needs to take place before a cervical collar can be removed - Answer- a cervical radiograph is obtained to rule out injury to the neck
contraindication to using autotransfusion as a blood replacement source - Answer- blood contaminated with food, bowel contents, or antibiotic irrigation
what group of scans is performs and what do they identify - Answer- chest, pelvic, and four abdominal scans; collections of fluid and free air
laceration on the neck that involves the lower trachea; which structure can be involved - Answer- brachiocephalic artery
blood at the urinary meatus when attempting to insert a catheter - Answer- discontinue catheter insertion
injury to the anterior chest from blunt force trauma, damage to what area - Answer- right ventricle
device used during anesthesia to confirm successful endotracheal tube placement and gas exchange - Answer- capnometer
statement about surgical dressings - Answer- cushion and protect the wound from trauma and gross contamination, and absorb drainage
abdominal trauma case; instrument set needed besides a vascular set - Answer- laparotomy set
technique that minimizes drag and wear on the suture material and needle - Answer- double armed
response to a patient experiencing laryngospasm for longer than 1 minute - Answer- suctioning, IV succ, reintubation
correct specimen care and handling - Answer- avoid placing specimens for frozen section in formalin
The linea alba extends from _____ to the _____ - Answer- above the xiphoid process to the pubis
correct regarding non-absorbable suture - Answer- increased reactive properties in tissue
which of the following pressure points are included in an assessment to prevent pressure injury - Answer- genitals, knees, toes, and eyes
injury can be avoided by tucking the draw sheet () the arm and under the () - Answer- over, the body
which is true about the use of liquids in the OR - Answer- skin prepping solutions can cause chemical burns
surgery to repair ruptured diverticulum has a wound classification of - Answer- contaminated wound; class III
best practice for keeping instruments free of blood and bioburden during procedure - Answer- wipe instruments with a sponge moistened with sterile water after each use
instillation of local anesthetic into the subarachnoid space - Answer- spinal anesthesia
appropriate way to address a count discrepancy - Answer- we have a count discrepancy, we started with 70 sponges and find only 68, we are missing 2 sponges
surgical consents should be written on what grade level - Answer- 5th
area between the surgeon and the scrub person for passing sharps safely - Answer- neutral zone
patient most likely to have a true latex allergy - Answer- patient with spina bifida
most commonly used method of sterilization - Answer- steam sterilization
which anesthetic could NOT be given if IV only anesthesia was planned - Answer- desflurane
lithotomy position; most frequently injured nerves are the obturator, sciatic, femoral and (), which can result in injury from () - Answer- common peroneal; direct compression from the stirrup bars
9 y/o diabetic patient with insulin pump comes for surgery; what should be considered - Answer- bipolar
MH is a rare, multifaceted syndrome with an increased incidence in patients that exhibit - Answer- congenital myopathies
uses of suture - Answer- ligate, suture, and close tissue
medication used for PONV that has potential to prolong QT interval - Answer- droperidol
BLANK precautions apply to blood, all body fluids, secretions, and excretions regardless of - Answer- standard
which is NOT an event that would adversely affect pulse ox reading - Answer- hypertension
most common method to prevent hypothermia is through the use of - Answer- forces air warming blankets
suture best suited for intestinal anastomosis based on handling capability, high tensile strength that decreases after 1 year and is not [Show Less]