Cranial Nerves, Sensory vs Motor
Think: "Some Say Money Matters But My Brother Says Big Brains Matter Most."
S-Sensory, M-Motor, B-Both
S-Olfactory
... [Show More] I
S-Optic II
M-Oculomotor III
M-Trochlear IV
B-Trigeminal V
M-Abducens VI
B-Facial VII
S-Auditory VIII)
B-Glossopharyngeal IX
B-Vagus X
M-Accessory XI
M-Hypoglossal XII
Autonomic Nervous System Function Rhyme
Sympathetic: fight or flight
Parasympathetic: rest and digest
Causes of HTN
Think: ABCDE
Aldosterone/Apnea
Bad kidney/Bruits
Catecholamine/Cushings syndrome
Drug/Diet
Endocrine
All the above are secondary causes, primary causes occur when there is no identifiable cause.
Disease caused by Streptococcus Pyogenes
Think: GET NIPPLES
Glomerulonephritis
Endocarditis (Heart Valve)
Toxic shock syndrome
Necrotizing fascitis and myositis
Impetigo
Pharyngitis
Pneumonia
Lymphangitis
Erysipelas and cellulitis
Scarlet fever/Rheumatic fever
Causes of Hyperkalemia
Think: MACHINE
Meds (ACE1, Steroids, Beta Blockers)
Acidosis
Cellular destruction (Rhabdo, burns, trauma)
Hypoaldossteronism, hemolysis
Intake, excessive
Nephrons, renal failure
Excretion, impaired
Causes of Hypokalemia
Think: GRAPHIC IDEA
GI loss
Renal
Aldosterone
Periodic paralysis
Hypothermia
Cushing's syndrome
Insufficient intake
Diuretics
Elevated beta adrenergic activity
Alkalosis
Signs of Hypokalemia
Think: 6L's
Lethargy
Lethal cardiac arrhythmia
Leg cramps
Limp muscles
Low, shallow respiration's
Less stool (constipation)
Insulin Functions on Cells
Think: INsulIN
INsulIN stimulates 2 things to go IN 2 cells: Potassium and Glucose
Activities of Daily Living
Think: BATTED
Bathing
Ambulation
Toileting
Transfers
Eating
Dressing
Therapeutic Dosage and Toxicity values
Think: The magic 2's
Digitalis 0.5-1.5 Toxicity 2.0
Lithium 0.6-1.2 Toxicity 2.0
Theophylline 10-20 Toxicity >20.0
Dilantin 10-20 Toxicity >30.0
APAP 1-20 Toxicity 120
Staph Aureus
Think: causes SOFT PAINS
Skin infections
Osteomyelitis
Food poisoning
Toxic shock syndrome
Pneumonia
Acute endocarditis
Infective arthritis
Necrotizing fascitis
Sepsis
Hypertension Treatment
Think: ABCD
ACE inhibitors/ARBS
Beta Blockers
Calcium Channel Blockers
Diuretics
Hypertension Nursing Interventions:
Think: DIURETIC
Daily weight
Intake & Output (I&O)
Urine output
Response of BP
Electrolytes
Take Pulses
Ischemic Episode (TIA)
Complications: 4C's
Signs of Hypernatremia
Think: you are FRIED
Fever
Restless
Increased
Edema
Decreased urinary output
Maniac Symptoms
Think: DIG FAST
Distractibility
Indiscretion
Grandiosity
Flight of ideas
Activity increases
Sleep deficit
Talkative
Hypersensitivity Reactions
Think: ACID
Anaphylactic-type 1
Cytotoxic-type 2
Immune complex-type 3
Delayed hypersensitivity-type 4
Intestinal Components
Think: Dow Jones Industrial Can't Choose
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Cecum
Colon
Sigmoid
ARB side effects (Angiotension II Receptor Blocker)
Think: Halt Dangerous Hypertension
Headache
Dizziness
Hyperkalemia
Aspirin side effects
Think: ASPIRIN
Asthma
Salicyalism
Peptic ulcer disease
Intestinal blood loss
Reye's syndrome
Idiosyncrasy
Noise (tinnitus)
Hyperglycemia
Think: 3 P's
Polyphagia
Polydipsia
Polyurea
Hot & Dry, Sugar is High
Serotonin Syndrome Characteristics
Think: they cause HARM
Hyperthermia
Autonomic instability (delirium)
Rigidity
Myoclonus
Signs of Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula
Think: 3 C's
Coughing
Choking
Cyanosis
Cancer's Early Warning Signs
Think: CAUTION UP
Change in bowel or bladder
A lesion that does not heal
Unusual bleeding or discharge
Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere
Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
Obvious changes in wart or mole
Nagging cough or persistent hoarseness
Unexplained weight loss
Pernicious anemia
Acute Lithium Toxicity Symptoms
Think" CAN HAM SUCS
Confusion
An increase in urine & thirst
Nausea
Hand tremors
Ataxia (in-coordination of arms and legs)
Muscle twitches
Seizures
Uncontrollable eye movement
Coma
Slurred speech
Bleeding Precautions
Think: RANDI
Razor electric no blades
Aspirin
No needles (esp. in small gauge)
Decrease needle sticks
Injury (protect from)
Morphine side effects
Think: MORPHINES
Myosis
Orthostatic HTN
Respiratory depression
Pneumonia (aspiration)
Hypotension
Infrequent waste release (constipation & urine retention)
Nausea
Emesis
Sedation
SNRI side effects
Think: BAD SNRI
Body weight increases
Anorexia
Dizziness
Suicidal thoughts
Nausea/Vomiting
Reproductive/sexual dysfunction
Insomnia
Melanoma Characteristics
Think: ABCDE
Asymmetrical
Borderline irregular
Color dark and variation
Diameter is large (>6mm)
Evolving
Acidosis/Alkalosis
Think: ROME
Respiratory Opposite
*pH up & PCO2 down = Alkalosis
*pH down & PCO2 up = Acidosis
Metabolic Equal
*pH up & HCO2 up = Alkalosis
*pH down & HCO2 down = Acidosis
Hormones that Increase Blood Glucose
Think: STENGG
Somatotropin (growth hormone)
Thyroid hormones (thyroxine & triiodthyorine)
Epinephrine
Norepeinephrine
Glucagon
Glucocorticosteroids
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) side effects
Think: TCA'S
Thrombocytopenia
Cardiac (arrhythmia, MI, stroke)
Anticholinergic effects (tachycardia, urinary retention, ect)
Seizures
Indications for Thiazide Diuretic use
Think: CHIC
CHF
Hypertension
Insipidous (Lithium induced)
Calcium calculi
6 P's of Dyspnea
Pneumonia
Pulmonary Bronchial Constriction
Possible foreign body
Pulmonary embolus
Pneumothorax
Pump failure
Heart Valves by Order of Blood Flow
Think: Toilet Paper My Ass
Tricuspid
Pulmonic
Mitral
Aortic
White Blood Cells (in order of decreasing numbers)
Think: Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils
SSRI side effects
Think: BAD SSRI
Body weight increases
Anxiety
Dizziness
Serotonin syndrome
Stimulated CNS
Reproductive/sexual dysfunction
Insomnia
ACE Inhibitor side effects
Think: CAPTOPRIL
Cough
Angioedema/Agranulocystosis
Potassium excess
Taste changes
Orthohypotension
Pregnancy contraindications
Renal artery stenosis contraindication
Inflammation-related pain
Lower GFR (glomerular filtration rate)
Hypoxia symptoms
Think: RAT BED
Early hypoxia:
Restlessness
Anxiety
Tachycardia/Tachypnea
Late hypoxia:
Bradycardia
Extreme restlessness
Dyspnea
Stages of Shock
Think: CPR
Compensatory stage
Progressive stage
Refractory stage
Corticosteroids side effects
Think: CUSHGOID
Cataracts
Ulcers
Skin thinning, bruising, & striae
Hyperglycemia/HTN/Hirsutism
Infections
Necrosis: Avascular necrosis of the femoral head
Glycosuria
Osteoporosis, Obesity
Diabetes
Hypoglycemia signs & symptoms
Think: TIRED
Tachycardia
Irritability
Restlessness
Excessive hunger
Diaphoresis
Cold & clammy, need some candy
Calcium Channel Blocker side effects
Think: SHRED the GAPS
Stevens Johnson Syndrome
Headache
Edema
Dizziness
the
Gingival hyperplasia
Angina
Palpitations
Sleepiness
Liver Functions
Think: PUSH DoG
Protein synthesis
Ureas synthesis
Storage
Hormone synthesis
Detoxification
Glucose and fat metabolism
Potassium Increasing Agents
Think: K-BANK
K-sparing diuretics
Beta Blockers
ACE inhibitors
NSAIDS
K+ supplement
Cholinergic Agonist effects
Think: SLUDGE BAM
Salivation/Sweating/Secretions
Lacrimation
Urination
Defecation
GI upset
Emesis
Bradycardia
Abdominal Cramps
Miosis
Circulatory Checks
Think: 5 P's
Pain
Paresthesia
Paralysis
Pulse
Pallor
Antipsychotic Drug side effects
Think: ISHADE
Impotence
Sedation, Seizures
Hypotension
Akathsia (inability to sit still)
Dermatological side effects
Extrapyramidal reactions (acute, dystonias, rigidity, tremor, tachycardia)
Signs of Inflammation
Think: PRISH
Pain
Redness
Immobility
Swelling
Heat
Antimuscarinic/Anticholinergic side effects
Think: ABCD'S
Anorexia
Blurry vision
Constipation/Confusion
Dry mouth
Stasis of urine
MAOI side effects
Think: HAHA
Hypertension/Hypertensive crisis
Anticholinergic side effects
Hepatocellular jaundice
Arrhythmia/Anoxeria
For better perfusion Veins & Arteries
eleVate Veins
dAngle Arteries
APGAR means:
APGAR measures:
HR, RR, muscle tone, reflexes, and skin color each 0-2 point.
A score: 8-10 is OK.
A score: 0-3 RESUSCITATE.
A= appearance (color all pink, pink and blue, blue [pale])
P= pulse (>100, < 100, absent)
G= grimace (cough, grimace, no response)
A= activity (flexed, flaccid, limp)
R= respirations (strong cry, weak cry, absent)
Airborne Precautions
Think: My Chicken has TB!
My - Measles
Chicken - Chicken Pox/Varicella
Hez - Herpes Zoster/Shingles
TB - Tuberculosis)
*Private Room - negative pressure with 6-12 air exchanges/hr
Wear Mask, N95 for TB
Droplet Precautions
Think: SPIDERMAN!
S - Sepsis, scarlet fever, streptococcal pharyngitis
P - Parvovirus B19, Pneumonia, pertussis
I - influenza
D - Diphtheria (pharyngeal)
E - Epiglottis
R - Rubella
M - Mumps, Meningitis, Mycoplasma, or Meningeal pneumonia
An - Adenovirus
Private Room or cohort Mask
Contact Precautions
Think: MRS. WEE
M - Multidrug resistant organism
R - Respiratory infection
S - Skin infections
W - Wound infection
E - Enteric infection - clostridium difficile
E - Eye infection- conjunctivitis [Show Less]