_- A product (other than tobacco) intended to supplement the diet that bears or contains one or more of the following dietary ingredients: vitamin;
... [Show More] mineral; herb or other botanical; amino acid; substance used by man to supplement the diet by increasing the total dietary intake; or concentrate, metabolite, constituent, extract, or combination of any previously described ingredient.
Dietary supplement
What is the most common supplement used?
multivitamins
When did modern-day nutritional supplements originate?
1920
1940
1970
1980
1940
Where was the first multivitamin product developed?
india
taiwan
china
US
china
What are the primary laws and guidelines to which dietary supplements, their manufacturers, and their distributors must adhere?
1
2
The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 as well as the FDA's Code of Federal Regulations
Can dietary supplements be used to substitute foods?
no
dietary supplements are not meant to be used as substitutes for food
_ _ _ values provide consumers with information, such as adequate intake and upper intake levels of a given micronutrient. _ _ is the FDA's intake recommendation of a given micronutrient
Dietary reference intake (DRI)
Daily value (DV)
What are the eight common allergens?
peanuts, tree nuts, soy, egg, dairy, wheat (gluten), fish, and shellfish.
What term is used to describe any unfavorable medical occurrence associated with the use of a medication, medical intervention, or dietary supplement?
adverse effect
allergic reaction
physiological reaction
negative corollary
adverse effect
Dietary supplements can be classified into two broad categories: _ supplements and _ supplements
health supplements and performance supplements.
The fat-soluble vitamins are vitamins _,_,_, and _. These vitamins are stored in fat tissue instead of water, like water-soluble vitamins.
A, D, E, and K
Vitamin D may be referred to as the "_" vitamin because it can be naturally produced in the skin when exposed to ultraviolet light.
sunshine
Vitamin E is best known for being an _ and may reduce inflammation, platelet aggregation, risk of heart disease and cancer, and immunodeficiency
antioxidant
vitamin _ helps increase bone protein content and improve strength, which also decreases risk of fracture
K
The water-soluble vitamins are vitamin _ and the _ complex vitamins
C and the B
Compared to the fat-soluble vitamins, water-soluble vitamins are more _, which means they are less likely to produce a vitamin toxicity, and it is easier to treat acute deficiencies.
transient
How many essential minerals are there?
16 essential minerals
Minerals may be divided into _ minerals and _ minerals.
macro
trace
Calcium is best known for its role in _ _
bone health
When magnesium levels are low, what may occur?
muscle cramps and involuntary contractions
magnesium may prevent or reduce muscle _
cramping
What is the third most frequently used dietary supplement?
Omega-3
What are three types of omega-3?
1
2
3
1. eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
2. docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
3. alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)
EPA and DHA are known as the _ _, and _ is a plant source of omega-3 that converts to EPA and then to DHA.
fish oils
ALA
1. eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) = plant or fish?
2. docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) = plant or fish?
3. alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) = plant or fish?
fish
fish
plant
Ingesting at least _ mg of fish oil is required to begin having positive health outcomes, such as the reduction of coronary heart disease
250
Omega-3s are characterized as being _-_ and omega-6s _
anti-inflammatory
proinflammatory
Into what two categories are dietary supplements typically classified?
Health supplements and performance supplements
_- Any form of a vitamin that cannot exert its effect within the body
Biologically inactive
_- The form of a vitamin that can exert its effect within the body
Biologically active
_- A disease caused by niacin or tryptophan deficiency that can lead to a rash, digestive disorders, and mood or cognitive decline
Pellagra
A term often used to refer to the condition of insufficient iron in the body that can result in fatigue and shortness of breath
anemia
A disease caused by thiamine deficiency that can result in heart and nerve inflammation or degeneration, peripheral neuropathy, and impaired motor function
Beriberi
A disease caused by vitamin C deficiency that can lead to anemia, joint weakness, swelling, and tooth loss
Scurvy
What are the most widely supported ergogenic aids?
protein and amino acids, creatine, and caffeine.
_- A dietary supplement that may enhance performance or body composition; it may also be referred to as a performance supplement.
Ergogenic aid
All proteins are composed of _ _
amino acids.
there are _ relevant amino acids; 11 are _ amino acids, and nine are _ amino acids (EAAs), and of those nine, three are the _ _ _ _ —leucine, isoleucine, and valine
20
nonessential
essenial
branched chain amino acids (BCAAs)
By far, the most substantiated form of creatine is creatine _,
monohydrate
which creatine is the best?
creatine monohydrate
What is the world's most popular supplement?
Caffeine
Which 2 supplements remain the most widely used delivery vehicles for caffeine?
coffee and tea
There are several concerns with using ergogenic aids that the fitness professional should know and understand
1
2
The first concern is whether the supplement will work at all
the second concern is whether it is legal and safe to use
True/False?
It is the responsibility of the fitness profess_- A product (other than tobacco) intended to supplement the diet that bears or contains one or more of the following dietary ingredients: vitamin; mineral; herb or other botanical; amino acid; substance used by man to supplement the diet by increasing the total dietary intake; or concentrate, metabolite, constituent, extract, or combination of any previously described ingredient.
Dietary supplement
What is the most common supplement used?
multivitamins
When did modern-day nutritional supplements originate?
1920
1940
1970
1980
1940
Where was the first multivitamin product developed?
india
taiwan
china
US
china
What are the primary laws and guidelines to which dietary supplements, their manufacturers, and their distributors must adhere?
1
2
The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 as well as the FDA's Code of Federal Regulations
Can dietary supplements be used to substitute foods?
no
dietary supplements are not meant to be used as substitutes for food
_ _ _ values provide consumers with information, such as adequate intake and upper intake levels of a given micronutrient. _ _ is the FDA's intake recommendation of a given micronutrient
Dietary reference intake (DRI)
Daily value (DV)
What are the eight common allergens?
peanuts, tree nuts, soy, egg, dairy, wheat (gluten), fish, and shellfish.
What term is used to describe any unfavorable medical occurrence associated with the use of a medication, medical intervention, or dietary supplement?
adverse effect
allergic reaction
physiological reaction
negative corollary
adverse effect
Dietary supplements can be classified into two broad categories: _ supplements and _ supplements
health supplements and performance supplements.
The fat-soluble vitamins are vitamins _,_,_, and _. These vitamins are stored in fat tissue instead of water, like water-soluble vitamins.
A, D, E, and K
Vitamin D may be referred to as the "_" vitamin because it can be naturally produced in the skin when exposed to ultraviolet light.
sunshine
Vitamin E is best known for being an _ and may reduce inflammation, platelet aggregation, risk of heart disease and cancer, and immunodeficiency
antioxidant
vitamin _ helps increase bone protein content and improve strength, which also decreases risk of fracture
K
The water-soluble vitamins are vitamin _ and the _ complex vitamins
C and the B
Compared to the fat-soluble vitamins, water-soluble vitamins are more _, which means they are less likely to produce a vitamin toxicity, and it is easier to treat acute deficiencies.
transient
How many essential minerals are there?
16 essential minerals
Minerals may be divided into _ minerals and _ minerals.
macro
trace
Calcium is best known for its role in _ _
bone health
When magnesium levels are low, what may occur?
muscle cramps and involuntary contractions
magnesium may prevent or reduce muscle _
cramping
What is the third most frequently used dietary supplement?
Omega-3
What are three types of omega-3?
1
2
3
1. eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
2. docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
3. alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)
EPA and DHA are known as the _ _, and _ is a plant source of omega-3 that converts to EPA and then to DHA.
fish oils
ALA
1. eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) = plant or fish?
2. docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) = plant or fish?
3. alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) = plant or fish?
fish
fish
plant
Ingesting at least _ mg of fish oil is required to begin having positive health outcomes, such as the reduction of coronary heart disease
250
Omega-3s are characterized as being _-_ and omega-6s _
anti-inflammatory
proinflammatory
Into what two categories are dietary supplements typically classified?
Health supplements and performance supplements
_- Any form of a vitamin that cannot exert its effect within the body
Biologically inactive
_- The form of a vitamin that can exert its effect within the body
Biologically active
_- A disease caused by niacin or tryptophan deficiency that can lead to a rash, digestive disorders, and mood or cognitive decline
Pellagra
A term often used to refer to the condition of insufficient iron in the body that can result in fatigue and shortness of breath
anemia
A disease caused by thiamine deficiency that can result in heart and nerve inflammation or degeneration, peripheral neuropathy, and impaired motor function
Beriberi
A disease caused by vitamin C deficiency that can lead to anemia, joint weakness, swelling, and tooth loss
Scurvy
What are the most widely supported ergogenic aids?
protein and amino acids, creatine, and caffeine.
_- A dietary supplement that may enhance performance or body composition; it may also be referred to as a performance supplement.
Ergogenic aid
All proteins are composed of _ _
amino acids.
there are _ relevant amino acids; 11 are _ amino acids, and nine are _ amino acids (EAAs), and of those nine, three are the _ _ _ _ —leucine, isoleucine, and valine
20
nonessential
essenial
branched chain amino acids (BCAAs)
By far, the most substantiated form of creatine is creatine _,
monohydrate
which creatine is the best?
creatine monohydrate
What is the world's most popular supplement?
Caffeine
Which 2 supplements remain the most widely used delivery vehicles for caffeine?
coffee and tea
There are several concerns with using ergogenic aids that the fitness professional should know and understand
1
2
The first concern is whether the supplement will work at all
the second concern is whether it is legal and safe to use
True/False?
It is the responsibility of the fitness professional to provide education on the topic of dietary supplements versus prescribing specific supplements.
trueional to provide education on the topic of dietary supplements versus prescribing specific supplements.
true [Show Less]