1. Pharmaceuticals are arguably the most socially important healthcare product.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. Pharmaceutical development is a high-risk
... [Show More] undertaking, in which many promising leads prove disappointing.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. Pharmaceutical sales are highest in which geographical regions?
i. The U.S., Saudi Arabia, and Japan
ii. The U.S., Western Europe, and Japan
iii. Western Europe, Australia, and Canada
iv. Western Europe, Canada, and Saudi Arabia
B. The U.S. accounts for about ____ of the world’s pharmaceutical revenues.
i. 30%
ii. 50%
iii. 80%
iv. 95%
B. Which of the following has fueled recent growth in the pharmaceutical industry?
i. increased international standardization and regulation
ii. international legalization of DTC advertising
iii. population growth and increased life expectancies
iv. all of these
B. According to your manual, which statement accurately describes the predicted relationship between
pharmaceutical companies and genomic research facilities?
i. "Genomic research company" is another term for "ethical research company."
ii. Partnerships between pharmaceutical companies and genomic companies will not prove immediately
profitable.
iii. Pharmaceutical companies have little to no interest in partnerships with genomic research companies.
iv. Pharmaceutical companies will be genomic research companies' biggest competitors in the coming
years.
B. Prescription drug therapy is not cost-effective for insurance companies and healthcare providers.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. The high price of healthcare is explained by the high price of medicines.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. One of the oldest and least effective pharmaceutical marketing techniques is DTC (direct-to-consumer)
advertising.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. What influences the number of districts in a region?
i. the number of qualified sales representatives who apply to represent that region
ii. the region's population
iii. both the district's population and the number of qualified sales representatives who apply to represent
that region
iv. none of these
B. What is an example of the regionalization of healthcare delivery systems?
i. California and Florida have different demographics.
ii. California and Florida have different drug companies.
iii. California and Florida have different DTC advertisements.
iv. California and Florida have different prescription reimbursement policies.
B. The heart of a pharmaceutical sales team is the Regional Manager.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. Most DMs did not start as representatives.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. How many territories are in a typical district?
i. 1 to 2
ii. 8 to 12
iii. 30 to 40
iv. 50 to 100
B. What is the most effective method for grabbing market share?
i. comparative selling
ii. criticizing the competition
iii. power point presentations
iv. questioning doctors' choices
Quiz 2 , Chapter 2 & 3
1. Pharmaceutical reps mainly visit pharmacies.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. It usually only takes 1-2 calls to a physician before he or she commits to prescribing your product.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. The pharmacist may dispense a product other than what the physician prescribed
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. According to Chapter 12 of your manual, which of the following would classify as "payers"?
i. employers
ii. patients
iii. pharmacists
iv. physicians
B. According to your manual, what defines "ethical pharmaceutical companies"?
i. donating a specified proportion of their revenue to consumer organizations
ii. donating a specified proportion of their revenue to the NIH
iii. manufacturing generics
iv. researching and developing novel drugs
B. One of the most disappointing results of the pharmaceutical industry’s continued investment in R & D is the few
new drugs being approved and in development.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. Thanks to modern medicines, how long are people newly diagnosed with HIV expected to live?
i. another 10 years
ii. another 20 years
iii. another 5 years
iv. another 50 years
B. How much has the average American lifespan increased since 1890?
i. almost 10 years
ii. almost 15 years
iii. almost 30 years
iv. almost 5 years
B. What is a treatment group?
i. a group of patients assigned to receive a specified treatment
ii. a group of patients who have volunteered to receive the active drug, but not the placebo
iii. A group of substances being tested
iv. A list of study protocols
B. What is the main difference between a blinded and double-blinded study?
i. A blinded study is performed to control the placebo effect whereas a double-blinded study is performed
to control the observer effect.
ii. A double-blinded study has two control groups, but a blinded study only has one.
iii. Blinded studies are more scientifically rigorous.
iv. In a double blinded study, neither the study staff nor the study participants know which subjects are in
the experimental group and which are in the control.
B. What does "asymptomatic" mean?
i. exhibiting atypical signs or symptoms that were not indicated in the product packaging
ii. not exhibiting signs or symptoms
iii. refusing treatment for symptoms
iv. toxic or harmful to the human body
Quiz 3 , Chapter 4
1. Which term denotes the study of bodily functions (as opposed to structures)?
i. anatomy
ii. cytology
iii. oncology
iv. physiology
B. In its broadest definition, a drug is any substance that produces a physical or psychological change in the body.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. How does the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) define a drug?
i. any substance intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment or prevention of disease, or
a substance other than food intended to affect the structure or function of the body
ii. any substance that causes legitimate side effects
iii. any substance that outperforms a placebo
iv. any substance that produces a physical or psychological change in the body
B. Which statement about vitamins is CORRECT?
i. Most of the body's required vitamins are manufactured in the bone marrow.
ii. Most of the body's required vitamins are products of the body's metabolic processes.
iii. Most of the body's required vitamins must be taken in from outside the body.
iv. The body manufactures most of the vitamins it requires.
B. ADME testing measures the rate at which the body absorbs the drug, distributes it to the organs necessary to
produce the desired effect, metabolizes it into waste material and then excretes it from the body.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. ADME testing is primarily used in what field?
i. epidemiology
ii. epigenetics
iii. pharmacodynamics
iv. pharmacokinetics
B. Which statement about placebos is CORRECT?
i. By definition, placebos must b designed to affect everyone equally.
ii. Placebo effects can be distinguished from drugs because they are always desirable.
iii. Placebo effects can lead to withdrawal symptoms.
iv. Placebos can be distinguished from drugs because they do not lead to withdrawal symptoms.
B. On average, only about 5 of 4,000 drugs studied in the laboratory are eventually studied in people.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. Which statement is TRUE about drugs taken sublingually?
i. Sublingual administration is the most common route of administration.
ii. Sublingual drugs are absorbed directly and almost immediately into the bloodstream.
iii. Sublingual drugs are used primarily to treat the mouth.
iv. Sublingual drugs must first pass through the intestinal wall and liver, just like oral drugs, but can be
used in patients with swallowing problems.
B. What are 3 of the 7 rights of drug administration?
i. the right patient, the right drug, and the right dose
ii. the right supervision, the right patient, and the right dose
iii. the right technique, the right documentation, and the right supervision
iv. the right to information about one's medication, the right to question one's treatment, and the right to a
second opinion
B. Pro-drugs are administered in an active form, which is metabolized into an inactive form.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. The kidney of an 85-year-old person excretes drugs only _____ as efficiently as that of a 35-year-old person.
i. around 15%
ii. around 30%
iii. around 50%
iv. This is impossible to predict because it depends on such a wide range of other factors.
B. The normal age-related decrease in kidney function can help doctors determine an appropriate dosage based
solely on a person’s age.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. What DIFFERENTIATES a caplet from a tablet?
i. Caplets are made of compressed powder.
ii. Caplets are shaped like capsules and have film coatings to aid in swallowing.
iii. Caplets are used for sustained-release drugs.
iv. Caplets contain hard cylindrical granules, liquids, or some combination of these.
B. Where will you find the legend “Caution: Federal Law prohibits dispensing without a prescription”?
i. on the label of all prescription drugs
ii. on the labels of all generic drugs
iii. only on the labels of drugs dispensed at pharmacies (as opposed to, e.g., product samples at doctors'
offices)
iv. only on the labels of product samples
B. What happens in slow acetylators?
i. Drugs that are metabolized by N-acetyl transferase are less likely to reach toxic levels than in fast
acetylators.
ii. Drugs that are metabolized by N-acetyl transferase tend to reach higher blood levels and remain in the
body longer.
iii. Drugs that are metabolized by N-acetyl transferase tend to reach lower blood levels, but remain in the
body longer.
iv. None of these statements apply to slow acetylators.
Quiz 4 , Chapter 4
1. About _____ of the people in the U.S. are "slow acetylators."
i. 1%
ii. 5%
iii. 25%
iv. 50%
B. Which of the following statements about drug-drug interactions is INCORRECT?
i. Drug-drug interactions are always harmful.
ii. Duplication can involve two drugs with the same effect causing toxicity when taken together.
iii. Duplication can involve two drugs with the same effect intensifying each other's therapeutic effects
without any serious side effects.
iv. Opposition can involve two drugs with opposing actions interacting to reduce one's effectiveness but not
the other's.
B. Smoking decreases the effectiveness of some drugs.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. Which of the following statements about dietary supplements is INCORRECT?
i. Because dietary supplements are not drugs, interactions with drugs are not a concern.
ii. Dietary supplements are regulated as foods.
iii. Dietary supplements contain vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and/or herbs.
iv. all of these
B. Which statement/s is/are INCORRECT about an ideal drug, or "magic bullet" as Ehrlich phrased it?
i. It does not exist.
ii. It would be aimed precisely at a disease site.
iii. It would not harm healthy tissues.
iv. All of these statements are correct.
B. Which statement accurately differentiates resistance from tolerance?
i. Doctors can predict resistance but not tolerance.
ii. There is no difference between tolerance and resistance.
iii. Tolerance is caused by genetic mutations, but resistance is always innate.
iv. Tolerance refers to a person's diminished response to a drug after repeated use, while resistance
applies to microorganisms' or "cancel" cells' abilities to withstand drug effects.
B. Between 3% and 7% of hospital admissions in the United States are estimated to be for treatment of adverse
drug reactions.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. Which statement is true about the universal scale for quantifying the severity of an adverse drug reaction?
i. The severities of adverse drug reactions are quantified by their chronicity.
ii. The severities of adverse drug reactions are quantified by their threat to life.
iii. None of these statements are true because the scale uses different criteria.
iv. None of these statements are true because there is no such scale.
B. Why is noncompliance a serious public health concern?
i. It erodes trust between physicians and pharmaceutical sales representatives.
ii. It increases the cost of medical care.
iii. It indicates a lack of accountability among healthcare providers.
iv. Noncompliance is a serious public health concern for all of these reasons.
B. Which of the following is NOT eligible for patent protection under U.S. regulations?
i. the drug itself
ii. the method of delivering and releasing the drug into the bloodstream
iii. the way the drug is made
iv. Companies can be granted patents for all of these things.
B. Drugs' trade names are often unrelated to their intended use.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. Like foods and household products, generic drugs are usually lower quality than the brand name drugs for
which they are marketed as equivalents.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. Legally, bioequivalence of different versions of a drug can vary by up to ________.
i. 3.50%
ii. 10%
iii. 20%
iv. The drugs must be 100% equivalent.
B. Which of the following statements about biologics is INCORRECT?
i. They are also called “large molecule" drugs.
ii. They are derived from living materials.
iii. They do not cause immune responses.
iv. Vaccines are a type of biologic.
B. “Large molecule” products are developed and manufactured by a chemical process.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. What are drugs that attract or bind to cell receptors in order to mimic or enhance activities by endogenous
chemical messengers?
i. agonists
ii. antagonists
iii. orphan drugs
iv. steroids
Quiz 5 , Chapter 4
1. Which term denotes how an API works in the body?
i. formulation
ii. mechanism of action
iii. site of action
iv. therapeutic group
B. What cements the active and inert components together to maintain cohesive portions?
i. binders
ii. colors
iii. disintegrants
iv. lubricants
B. What does the medical abbreviation "BID" denote?
i. as needed
ii. bioavailable in diet
iii. quality of drugs
iv. twice a day
B. What is the medical abbreviation for "as needed"?
i. BID
ii. PRN
iii. PSN
iv. QID
B. Which components might cause patients' different reactions to brand name and generic drugs?
i. differences in active ingredients
ii. differences in inactive ingredients
iii. differences in both active and inactive ingredients
iv. Patients' reactions to a brand name and generic drugs are equivalent.
B. All cells have a nucleus.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. Which of the following does NOT affect drug response?
i. the patient's genetic makeup, age, body size, and use of other drugs and dietary supplements.
ii. the patient's other conditions or diseases.
iii. whether or not the patient takes the drug properly
iv. All of these factors influence drug response.
B. Drug reactions are predictable because they do not occur after a person has been previously exposed to the
drug one or more times without any allergic reactions.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. What is the typical relationship between a drug's site of administration and site of action?
i. They are usually somewhat removed from each other.
ii. They are usually the same site.
iii. They should not be the same site for economic reasons.
iv. They should not be the same site for safety reasons.
B. What is CMAX?
i. an abbreviation for the maximum concentration of white blood cells
ii. the peak plasma concentration on a measuring curve
iii. the time interval within which a given dose of a drug is expected to have a therapeutic effect
iv. the time of peak plasma concentration on a measuring curve
B. Which of the following is NOT a main concept in clinical pharmacology?
i. Drug Distribution and Elimination
ii. Pharmacodynamics
iii. Pharmacokinetics
iv. Pharmacoprocesses
B. Which of the following is NOT a route of drug administration?
i. buccal
ii. Intramuscular
iii. sublingual
iv. transfugal
B. How are intradermal drugs delivered?
i. by injection under the skin
ii. through a skin patch
iii. through a topical ointment
iv. under the tongue
B. What is an example of intravenous drug delivery?
i. a subcutaneous insulin injection
ii. a transdermal nicotine patch
iii. an injection of anesthetic directly into the bloodstream
iv. any type of pre-surgery anesthetic
B. What are the major organs of the gastrointestinal system?
i. the heart, the blood vessels, and the blood
ii. the lymph nodes and lymph vessels
iii. the mouth, esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, small and large intestines
iv. the nasal passages, the trachea, the diaphragm, and the lungs
Quiz 6 , Chapter 5 & 6
1. Who is normally responsible for selling to distributors?
i. Floaters
ii. Local Territory Representatives
iii. NAMs
iv. Pharmacy Benefit Managers
B. How often do secondary drug wholesale distributors buy their drugs directly from manufactures?
i. always
ii. almost always
iii. sometimes
iv. never
B. By FDA law, large chain pharmacies are not allowed to buy directly from drug manufactures.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. Only 3 companies account for nearly 90% of all drug wholesale sales.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. What type of sale bypasses the need for intermediary distributors?
i. brokerage sales
ii. drop shipment sales
iii. integrated delivery network sales
iv. manufacturer-direct sales
B. What is a group purchasing organization (GPO)?
i. a company that owns and operates 3 or fewer pharmacies
ii. a wholesaler that obtains drugs from manufacturers and delivers them directly to pharmacists'
warehouses
iii. an entity consisting of two or more hospitals or other health care entities that negotiates contracts on
behalf of its members
iv. any distributor of a prescription drug that conducts at least 22 transactions every 2 years
B. Prescriptions dispensed by mail-order pharmacies are, on average, around ____________ than those dispensed
by retail pharmacies.
i. 3 times smaller
ii. just slightly smaller
iii. 3 times larger
iv. 10 times larger
B. Which of the following is NOT a type of non-stock sale?
i. brokerage sales
ii. dock-to-dock sales
iii. drop shipments
iv. All of these are examples of non-stock sales.
B. What is another term for rebates?
i. after-market arrangements
ii. in-state arrangements
iii. mail-order arrangements
iv. sell-side arrangements
B. The PDMA is the Prescription Drug Manufacturers Association.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. A company that owns and operates three or fewer pharmacies is an ____________.
i. authorized distributor
ii. independent drug store
iii. in-state wholesaler
iv. integrated drug store
B. Which section of a drug's package insert information covers the usual dosage range?
i. clinical pharmacology
ii. contraindications
iii. description
iv. indications and usage
B. Drug labels must include indications, usage information, and contraindications.
i. TRUE
ii. FALSE
B. What should be included in the "description" section of a drug's package insert information?
i. the drug's proprietary name and the established name
ii. the indications
iii. the mechanism of action
iv. warnings
Quiz 7 , Chapter 7
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1. Exclusivity gives exclusive _____, is granted by the FDA, and can run concurrently with a patent or not.
i. marketing rights
ii. research work
iii. trademark assignment
iv. values
B. What differentiates exclusivity from a patent?
i. Exclusivity can be granted at any time during a drug's lifespan.
ii. Exclusivity can encompass a wide range of claims, whereas patents do not.
iii. Exclusivity is only granted upon the drug's FDA approval.
iv. Exclusivity typically lasts longer than patents.
B. What is required of an inven [Show Less]