Contents
1 What is Agricultural engineering?
... [Show More] ........................................................................................................................ 6
2 Various forms of farm power: .............................................................................................................................. 6
2.1 Mobile Power: .............................................................................................................................................. 6
2.1.1 Human Power: ...................................................................................................................................... 6
2.1.2 Animal Power:....................................................................................................................................... 6
2.1.3 Mechanical Power: ............................................................................................................................... 6
2.2 Stationary power: ......................................................................................................................................... 6
2.2.1 Electrical Power: ................................................................................................................................... 7
2.2.2 Renewable energy: ............................................................................................................................... 7
3 Let us have a look at certain important terminologies used in agricultural engineering: ................................... 7
3.1 Horse power (HP): ........................................................................................................................................ 7
3.2 Indicated horse power (IHP): ........................................................................................................................ 7
3.3 Brake horse power (BHP): ............................................................................................................................ 7
3.4 Power take-off horse power (PTO HP): ........................................................................................................ 7
3.5 Frictional horse power (FHP): ....................................................................................................................... 8
4 Farm Mechanization: ............................................................................................................................................ 8
4.1 Various stages/categories in which mechanization is involved: .................................................................. 8
5 Land Levelling: ...................................................................................................................................................... 8
5.1 What are the equipments used for land levelling? ...................................................................................... 8
5.1.1 Soil Scoop: ............................................................................................................................................. 8
5.1.2 Leveling board - bullock drawn:............................................................................................................ 8 5.2 The other machinery/equipments used for land levelling are as follows: ................................................... 9
6 Sowing: ................................................................................................................................................................. 9
6.1 Seed Drill: ...................................................................................................................................................... 9
6.2 Seed Cum Fertilizer drill: ............................................................................................................................. 10
6.3 Different type of furrow openers are: ........................................................................................................ 10
7 Planter: ............................................................................................................................................................... 10
7.1 Some specific planters are: ......................................................................................................................... 10
7.1.1 Potato Planter (Automatic Seed Dropping): ....................................................................................... 10
7.1.2 Potato Planter (semi-automatic): ....................................................................................................... 10
7.1.3 Calibration of Seed Drill: ..................................................................................................................... 10
8 Weeding and interculture: ................................................................................................................................. 10
8.1 Khurpi ......................................................................................................................................................... 10
8.2 Hand Hoe: ................................................................................................................................................... 11
8.3 Long Handle Weeders: ............................................................................................................................... 11
9 Cultivators: .......................................................................................................................................................... 11
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9.1 Types of cultivator: ..................................................................................................................................... 11
9.1.1 Duck foot type cultivator: ................................................................................................................... 11
9.1.2 Shovel type cultivator ......................................................................................................................... 12
Specification: .............................................................................................................................................................. 12
10 Harvesting and Threshing: .............................................................................................................................. 12
10.1 Methods of harvesting: .............................................................................................................................. 12
10.2 Certain terms in connection with harvesting: ............................................................................................ 12
11 Tractors: .......................................................................................................................................................... 13
11.1 History of tractor development: ................................................................................................................. 13
11.2 Types of tractor: ......................................................................................................................................... 14
11.2.1 Classification based on the type of construction: .............................................................................. 14
11.2.2 Classification based on the type of drives: ......................................................................................... 14
Track type tractors: (Also called Chain Type or Crawlers Type) ......................................................................... 14
Wheel Type Tractors: .................................................................................................................................................. 15
11.2.3 Classification based on the purpose for which they are used: ........................................................... 15
11.3 Tractor components: .................................................................................................................................. 15
12 Power Tiller: .................................................................................................................................................... 15
12.1 Background of Power Tiller: ....................................................................................................................... 16
12.2 Components of power tiller:....................................................................................................................... 16
13 Tillage Implements: ........................................................................................................................................ 16
13.1 Ploughs: ...................................................................................................................................................... 17
13.2 Types of plough: ......................................................................................................................................... 17
13.3 List of Primary Tillage Implements: ............................................................................................................ 17
14 Secondary Tillage Implements: ....................................................................................................................... 18
14.1 Harrow: ....................................................................................................................................................... 18
14.2 Types of harrows used in India: .................................................................................................................. 18
14.3 Disc Harrow: ............................................................................................................................................... 19
14.4 Spike Tooth Harrow: ................................................................................................................................... 19
14.5 Spring Tooth Harrow: ................................................................................................................................. 20
14.6 Acme Harrow: ............................................................................................................................................. 20
14.7 Patela: ......................................................................................................................................................... 20
14.8 Blade harrows: ............................................................................................................................................ 20
14.8.1 Bakhar: ................................................................................................................................................ 20
14.8.2 Guntaka: ............................................................................................................................................. 21
14.9 Bodela: ........................................................................................................................................................ 21
14.10 Power harrow – tractor drawn: .............................................................................................................. 21
14.11 Rotary Tiller: ........................................................................................................................................... 21
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14.12 Land packer or Culti-packer: ................................................................................................................... 21
Specification: .............................................................................................................................................................. 21
14.13 Tillage Implements for Rice Cultivation: ................................................................................................. 21
14.13.1 Cage Wheels: .................................................................................................................................. 21
14.13.2 Puddler: .......................................................................................................................................... 22
15 Implements used for both primary and secondary tillage: ............................................................................ 22
15.1 Rotavator: ................................................................................................................................................... 22
16 Implements used for inter-culture operations: .............................................................................................. 23
16.1 Three tyned cultivator with seeding attachment: ...................................................................................... 23
17 Plant Protection Equipment: .......................................................................................................................... 23
17.1 Sprayers: ..................................................................................................................................................... 23
Types of Spray:.................................................................................................................................................... 23
17.2 Commercial Sprayer: .................................................................................................................................. 23
Manually operated sprayers are classified as follows: ....................................................................................... 23
Engine operated sprayer is classified as follows: ............................................................................................... 24
17.3 Duster: ........................................................................................................................................................ 24
17.3.1 Types of duster: .................................................................................................................................. 24
18 Farm Processing Equipments: ........................................................................................................................ 24
19 Seed Processing: ............................................................................................................................................. 25
19.1 Phase of seed processing: ........................................................................................................................... 25
20 Pasteurization: ................................................................................................................................................ 26
20.1 Pasteurization is mainly done in one of the following ways: ..................................................................... 26
20.2 Main types of pasteurizers: ........................................................................................................................ 26
21 Pumps for Irrigation: ....................................................................................................................................... 26
21.1 Types of pumps for agricultural purposes: ................................................................................................. 26
22 Miscellaneous: ................................................................................................................................................ 29
22.1 Implements for horticultural crops: ........................................................................................................... 29
22.1.1 Post-Hole Digger: ................................................................................................................................ 29
22.1.2 Dibber: ................................................................................................................................................ 29
22.1.3 Paddy transplanter ............................................................................................................................. 30
22.1.4 Self-propelled paddy transplanter ...................................................................................................... 30
Some points to remember ...................................................................................................................................... 30
22.2 Classification of crops as per difficulty level in Transplantation ................................................................ 30
23 Storage ............................................................................................................................................................ 30
23.1 Traditional Storage Structures .................................................................................................................... 31
23.2 Improved Storage Structures ...................................................................................................................... 31
23.3 Pusa bin....................................................................................................................................................... 31
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23.4 Brick and cement bin .................................................................................................................................. 31
23.5 Bunker Storage ........................................................................................................................................... 31
23.6 'CAP' Storage structures ............................................................................................................................. 32
24 Modern Storage Structures ............................................................................................................................ 32
24.1 Types of modern storage structures: ......................................................................................................... 32
25 Modified Storage Systems .............................................................................................................................. 32 [Show Less]