Pure vowel sounds in choral
a, e, i, o, and u. RAISE THE SOFT PALLET
What are key elements of a unified ensemble performance?
Tuning, balance,
... [Show More] phrasing, articulation, and cut-offs need to be unified.
How should a teacher adjust choral balance?
Make sure the chorus in not top-heavy (More soprano/alto) or bottom-heavy (More tenor/bass).
Define "Classical" singing timbre
In classical singing, the mouth cavity is trained to have a high palate as in a yawn to create open, formal sound. They are encouraged to create a rich, wide vibrato to add color to the singing tone. They also focus on producing pure vowel tones and clear consonants.
Define "Popular" singing timbre
Much more flexibility in shape of mouth and they adjust high and low palates for different vocal sounds. Less vibrato. There are a variety of sounds, timbres, and techniques such as rasp, growl, and edge.
Vocal ranges for men:
Chest, head, and falsetto
Vocal ranges for women
Chest, middle, and head
What affects dynamics when playing a stringed instrument?
The speed and pressure of the bow
What is the bass note order of triad/7th chord inversions?
Root, 3rd (1st inv), 5th (2nd Inv), and 7th (3rd inv)
Give the RN for an Authentic Cadence
V-I or v-i
What makes a IAC different than a PAC?
An imperfect authentic cadence does not have the V to I in the bass, but does have V to I chords.
Give the RN for a Plagal Cadence (Amen)?
IV-I or iv-i
Plagal Cadence is associated with what religious word?
Amen: Plagal cadences are found in many hymns set to the word amen.
Give the RN to the 2 types of DECEPTIVE CADENCES
V-VI (V-vi) or V-IV (V-iv)
What is another name for a deceptive cadence?
An interrupted cadence because it prolongs the ending when we want to here 5 to 1
What is a half cadence?
Cadence on the dominant harmony. The most common is I-64 to V
3 minor 3rds makes what kind of chord?
A diminished seventh chord
What does m+m+M make?
A half diminished seventh chord
What does M+m+m make?
A Major Minor seventh chord
What does M3rd+m3rd+M3rd make?
A Major 7th Chord
What does m3rd+M3rd+m3rd make?
Minor 7th chord
Which note is changed in the harmonic minor scale?
The 7th scale degree is raised by a half step
What changes are in a melodic minor scale?
Both the 6th and 7ths scale degrees are raised on the way up, but go back to natural minor on the way down.
What is a whole tone scale?
Consists entire of whole steps
ex: C D E F# A flat B flat C
What is 12-tone music?
These atonal compositions are created with an ordering of 12 serial pitches. Make with the tone row graphs (look like sudoku)
Who is associated with 12-tone music?
Arnold Schoenberg. He's Austrian and began composing in the 1920s
Define melismatic
Each syllable of text has many notes
What are characteristics of the baroque era music?
-Stylistically ornate
-Heavily Ornamented
During this era, tonality is established, counterpoint is invented, and the complexity of orchestrations is expanded
What is the realist movement?
A facet of the Romantic era during the late nineteenth century
Name the composer who is credited with the development of early opera
Monteverdi
What is the instrumentation of a string quartet?
violin, violin, viola, cello
In the classical style, the opening movement of an instrumental work was often composed in which of the following forms?
Sonata
In the Kodaly method, pitch discrimination is explored by beginning with what interval?
Minor 3rd [Show Less]