Med-Surge Quiz- week 2 ATI Exam Questions & Answers-A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has metabolic acidosis. The nurse should
... [Show More] realize that which of the following findings contributes to the development of metabolic acidosis?
A) Diarrhea
B) Vomiting
C) hyperventilation
D) Salicylate intoxication - Ans: A) Diarrhea
Rational: Diarrhea can cause bicarbonate loss, which can contribute to the development of metabolic acidosis.
B) Vomiting: Vomiting can cause acid loss, which can contribute to the development of metabolic alkalosis.
C) Hyperventilation: Hyperventilation can cause carbon dioxide loss, which can contribute to the development of respiratory alkalosis.
D) Salicylate intoxication: Salicylate intoxication can contribute to the development of respiratory alkalosis.
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is taking a loop diuretic and notes the client's potassium level is 3.0 mEq/L. Which of the following physiological responses should the nurse expect related to the client's hypokalemia?
A) Cardiac dysrhythmias
B) Hypoglycemia
C) Hyperreflexia
D) Increased appetite - Ans: A) Cardiac dysrhythmias
Rational: Low potassium levels affect cardiovascular function, causing ventricular dysrhythmias, ECG changes, and a weak, irregular pulse.
B) Hypoglycemia:
Low potassium levels do not cause hypoglycemia, although they can cause weakness and fatigue.
C) Hyperreflexia:
Low potassium levels cause decreased deep tendon reflexes, not hyperreflexia.
D) Increased appetite
Low potassium levels do not increase appetite. However, hypokalemia can cause nausea and vomiting.
A nurse is planning to speak to a group of adolescents about toxic shock syndrome (TSS). The nurse include that TSS is commonly associated with which of the following?
A) High-absorbency tampons
B) Mosquito bites
C) International travel
D) Multiple sexual partners - Ans: A) High-absorbency tampons
Rationale: TSS is a severe disease caused by a toxin made by Staphylococcus aureus and can lead to shock and multiple organ dysfunction. It most often affects menstruating women who use highly absorbent tampons.
B) Mosquito bites: Mosquito bites contribute to vector-borne diseases, such as West Nile virus, but are not associated with TSS.
C) International travel:
International travel can lead to diseases endemic to the area of travel, such as malaria, but is not associated with TSS.
D) Multiple sexual partners:
Multiple sexual partners increase the risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections but are not associated with TSS.
A nurse is caring for a client who has acute kidney injury. The client's ABGS are:
pH: 7.26
PaCO2: 30 mm Hg
HCO3: 14 mEq/L
A) Metabolic alkalosis
B) Respiratory alkalosis
C) Respiratory acidosis
D) Metabolic acidosis - Ans: D) Metabolic acidosis
Rationale: Acute renal failure causes metabolic acidosis because clients cannot process and excrete the acidic substances the usual bodily functions produce every day. With metabolic acidosis, the pH is be [Show Less]