Freud's Ego
reality principle; logic; control; executive function; balance or go-between seesaw
Freud's Superego
ego ideal; the moral component
... [Show More] of personality that incorporates social standards about what represents right and wrong; the ideal
Lazarus
Behaviorist; Multimodal therapy; Basic ID (Think Lazarus didn't have to wear an ID--he wore a shroud);
Behavior; Affective responses; Sensations; Imagery; Cognitions; Interpersonal relationships; Drugs
Perry
dualistic thinking by teens; black and white; later relativism
Keagan
construct reality thru life span; think KELLOG cereal you eat all your life and in childhood you aren't sure what's real or fantasy
idiographic approach
intensive studies of individuals
Nomothetic approach
examines personality in large groups of people, with the aim of making generalizations about personality structure; think NORMS
John B. Watson
father of American behaviorism
Milton Erickson
hypnosis & work with Haley
Erik Erikson
8 Epigenetic, psychosocial stages; identity crisis
Lorenz
critical period and imprinting (mother/goslings)
Seligman
learned helplessness (think, a MAN's LEG hurt)
Kohlberg
moral development; 3 levels each with 2 stages
Preconventional (reward/punish); Conventional (social); Postconventional (self-accepted principles)
Heinz Dilemma
Kohlberg: moral choices--scenarios: Man needs drug to save wife's life. Drug is too expensive so man steals it. (Think-- Heinz ketchup is drug)
Identity crisis
Erikson
Harry Stack Sullivan
Psychiatry of Interpersonal Relations- a stage theory for childhood development. parents to child Good Me; Bad Me (think a STACK of Uno cards of STAGES)
John Bowlby
bonding and attachment; object loss (protest; despair; detachment); think a BOW curves around an arrow
Harry Harlow
Studied attachment in monkeys with artificial mothers
Coopersmith
conducted an experiment on parenting styles and self-esteem to find that authoritative parents produce children with the highest self-esteem and indulgent parents produce children with the lowest self-esteem. CLEAR rules important; Think Dr. COOPER helped us to see CLEARLY
Eleanor Gibson
The "visual cliff" experiment. Showed that depth perception cues are innate. Think: ELEANOR started down a slippery slope.
John Locke
Empiricism; people learn from experiences; Think--John LOCKE learned which KEY worked
Object permanence & stranger anxiety
8 months age approx.
Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete operational, Formal operational
birth to 2 years; 2 to 7 years; 7 to 12 years; 12 years plus
Havinghurst
Developmental tasks for each dev. stage; Think: TASKS you HAVE to do.
Loevinger
stretched Piaget's model of development into stages of adulthood. Believed Ego adapts to demands and is an important basis for critical thinking. Highest level is integrated (think LOVE Freud because of his ego)
Positive Reinforcement
Add something AFTER to increase behavior
Negative Reinforcement
Remove something AFTER to increase behavior
C. G. Jung
analytic psychology; aniMA (feminine); aniMUS (masculine) parts of personality; archetypes; collective consciousness; Mandala; self-unification
Parsons
FATHER of guidance counseling; secondary age
Levinson
stages of men's life; midlife crisis (Think: Oh no, It's too late--the LEAVEN has already made the bread rise)
Nosology
classification of disease
Wolpe
systemic desensitization (think: need to desensitize from the fear/phobia of a WOLF)
Berne
transactional analysis, each person has 3 ego states, parent, adult, child (think: PARENTS tell children not to BURN themselves)
Macroculture
Dominant culture
Durkheim
founder of modern sociology; researched suicide (think: you need a DIRK to commit suicide)
William McDougall
Social Psychology, 'hormic psychology' (individual and group behavior is result of inherited tendencies to seek goals); Said selective breeding would improve gene pool; scientific racism; Think: Scottish kilts--breeding [Show Less]