Labs to order if Digoxin overload suspected - ANSWER-electrolytes, creatinine, and serial EKG's
First line for atrial fibrillation -
... [Show More] ANSWER-Coumadin.
INR of 5 to 8 without bleeding - ANSWER-hold for 1 to 2 doses, then recheck every 2 to 3 days until normal.
Those taking thiazides may also find relief with - ANSWER-osteoporosis. it stimulates formation of osteoclasts.
Those taking thiazides can have which adverse effects - ANSWER-hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, increased lipids, increased uric acid.
Thiazides may worsen what conditions - ANSWER-diabetes, gout, HPL, and electrolyte imbalances
If a patient is allergic to sulfa what diuretic should they avoid - ANSWER-thiazides. instead, use triamterene or amiloride
Chlorhtalidone is longer acting and more potent than HCTZ. true or false? - ANSWER-true
who are loop diuretics prescribed to - ANSWER-edema from heart failure, cirrhosis, renal disease, hypertension.
black box warning for loop diuretics - ANSWER-extreme diuresis
Adverse effects of loop diuretics - ANSWER-hypovolemia, loss of electrolytes, pancreatitis, jaundice, rash, ototoxicity
What are aldosterone antagonists like spironolactone used for? - ANSWER-hirsutism, hypertension, severe heart failure
Adverse effect of spironolactone - ANSWER-galactorrhea and hyperkalemia.
black box warning for spironolactone - ANSWER-increase of benign and malignant tumors.
beta blockers are first line for - ANSWER-post-myocardial infarction
beta blockers are used for - ANSWER-migraine prophylaxis, angina, arrythmias, hyperthyroidism
cardioselective beta blockers include - ANSWER-atenolol and metropolol
beta blockres may cause what complication in diabetics - ANSWER-they mask the hypoglycemic response.
what are contraindications of beta blockers - ANSWER-asthma, copd, bronchitis, emphysema, bradycardia
A patient with an ace develops a cough. What should you do? - ANSWER-stop and switch to an ARB for same renal protective effects.
what to monitor when giving captopril - ANSWER-CBC. it may cause neutropenia, leukopenia, and agranulocytosis
the prescriber should be careful not to mix the calcium channel blocker verapamil with what antibiotics - ANSWER-erythromycin and clarithromycin.
Contraindications of giving calcium channel blockers - ANSWER-av block, bradycardia, congestive heart failure
grapefruit juice when taken with calcium channel blockers can cause toxicity. true or false? - ANSWER-true
drug interactions with calcium channel blockers - ANSWER-intraconazole, macrolides
when are alpha blockers given - ANSWER-hypertension with co-existing BPH
terazosin dosing - ANSWER-1 mg PO at bedtime
a good alternative for gram positive infections in those who are penicillin allergic is - ANSWER-macrolides.
Clindamycin is associated with what infection - ANSWER-C. diff
Initial treatment of COPD - ANSWER-antichollinergics. ipratropium bromide
what antibiotics are pregnancy category D - ANSWER-doxycycline, minocycline, tetracycline
tetracyclines will not impact effectiveness of birth control pills. true or false? - ANSWER-false
1st line for chlamydial infections and atypical bacteria - ANSWER-doxycyline
common side effect of minocycline - ANSWER-dizziness and vertigo
taking expired tetracycline may result in what medical conditions - ANSWER-nephropathy and fanconni syndrome
Macrolides are generally category - ANSWER-B
which macrolide are pregnancy category C - ANSWER-clarithromycin and telithromycin
Those with myasthenia gravis should not take which antibiotic? - ANSWER-erythromycin and telithromycin. telithromycin has a black box warning
azithromycin may interact with what atrial fibrillation medication? - ANSWER-coumadin
doxycycline has a common instruction not to take with food . why is this? - ANSWER-it binds with iron, calcium, magnesium, and zinc. The instructions should really say not to take with dairy
minocycilne may decrease the efficacy of contraceptives. true or false. - ANSWER-true
adverse effects of macrolide and tetracyclines include - ANSWER-ototoxicity, GI distress, and twisting of points
a patient has a history of jaundice. which macrolide antibiotic is contraindicated? - ANSWER-telithromycin, or ketek
macrolide can cause what cardiac anomaly - ANSWER-prolonged QT and twisting of points
Which generation cephalosporins have the broadest spectrum - ANSWER-3rd generation extended spectrum
which generation of cephalosporins have the lowest gram negative coverage - ANSWER-3rd generation
Cephalosporins appropriate for cellulitis and mastitis include - ANSWER-Cephalexin, keflex.
Cephalosporins appropriate for sinusitis and otitis media include - ANSWER-Cefuroxime, cefprozil, and ceflacor. 2nd generations. ceftin, cefzil, and ceclor
Cephalosporins appropriate for gram negative infections like neisseria gonorrhae include - ANSWER-ceftriaxone, cefizime, and cefdinir.
cephalosporins and penicillins will never kill what bacteria - ANSWER-MRSA
First line for otitis media - ANSWER-amoxicillin
first line for sinusitis - ANSWER-amox clav
first line for syphillis - ANSWER-benzathine penicillin
first line for gonorrhea - ANSWER-cefitriaxone
first line for MRSA - ANSWER-bactrim or clindamycin for 5 to 10 days
never use what antibiotic in mononucleosis - ANSWER-amoxicillin
dicloxacillin is for penicillinase producing staph skin infections like - ANSWER-impetigo and mastitis
avoid use of what drugs with the quinolone due to risk of cardiac adverse effects - ANSWER-amiodarone, macrolides, TCA's, antipsychotics, or electrolyte imbalances
children can have the quinolones. True or false? - ANSWER-false, not for those under 18.
giving antacids or sucralfate with the quinolones helps to reduce adverse effects. True or false. - ANSWER-false, it actually reduces efficacy due to binding
those with myasthenia gravis can take quinolone. True or false? - ANSWER-false.
travelers diarrhea - ANSWER-ciprofloxacin 500 mg BID x 3
cutaneous anthrax - ANSWER-ciprofloxacin 500 mg BID 7 to 10 days
Bioterrorism related inhalation - ANSWER-cipro 500 mg BID x 60 days
first line for pseudomonas pneumonia - ANSWER-ciprofloxacin.
per the CDC, stop using cipro to treat what - ANSWER-gonorrheal infection
sulfonamides are active against - ANSWER-gram negative
sulfa type drugs include - ANSWER-Cox-2, bactrim, furosemide, HCTZ, dapsone, glyburide, glipizide.
Those with G6Pd would not take what antibiotic - ANSWER-sulfonamides
Contraindications for sulfonamides - ANSWER-3rd trimester pregnancy, G6PD, sulfa allergy
Patients with a UTI on coumadin should not be treated with what antibiotic - ANSWER-Bactrim, due to risk of bleeding
The typical male presenting with G6PD presents with jaundice and was treated with what - ANSWER-a sulfa drug. like Bactrim, a cox 2, HCTZ
dextromethorphan is contraindicated within how many days of MAOI - ANSWER-14
what is given for PCP in HIV patients - ANSWER-Bactrim
a topical sulfa drug for burns - ANSWER-sulfadiazine
first line NSAID for those at high risk for GI bleed - ANSWER-Cox 2
Aspirin irreversibly supresses platelet function for - ANSWER-7 days
patient with tinnitus taking aspirin - ANSWER-discontinue
No need to taper prednisone if - ANSWER-patient is not on chronic steroids
Superpotent - class 1 - ANSWER-clobetasol, temovate
potent - ANSWER-halocinomide, halog
moderate - ANSWER-triamcinolone, kenalog
least potent - ANSWER-hydrocortisone
topical steroid occlusion - ANSWER-for severe psoriatic plaques. apply super potent agent like clobetasol and cover in plastic. should not be used greater than 2 weeks. HPAA axis dysfunction
septic joint - ANSWER-do not inject steroids
digoxin eye issue - ANSWER-halo, blurred, yellow to green. needs eye exam
ethambutal and linezolid eye issue - ANSWER-optic neuropathy, needs eye exam
corticosteroid eye issue - ANSWER-cataract, glaucoma, optic neuritis. needs eye exam
quinolone eye issue - ANSWER-retinal detachment.
viagra, cialis, levitra eye issue - ANSWER-ischemic neuropathy, blurred vision, cataracts [Show Less]