Symbiosis
A relationship in which two different organisms live in close association with each other
Commensalism
A relationship between two
... [Show More] organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected.
Parasitism
A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed.
Mutualism
A relationship between two species in which both species benefit.
Commensalism
What type of symbiotic relationship do the human body and the most of the normal flora in the body?
Parasitism
Malnutrition caused by intestinal parasite is an example of what type of symbiotic relationship?
Mutualism
What type of symbiotic relationship when the normal intestinal flora in the human body produces vitamin K (needed for clotting)
Parasite and Host
Two important elements in parasitism.
Parasite
an organism that lives on or in a host organism and gets its food from or at the expense of its host.
Host
It can be an animal or plant that nourishes and supports a parasite. The harmed or infected organisms.
Ectoparasites
Parasites that live on the external surface or outside the body of a host.
e. g fleas and lice
Endoparasites
Parasites that live within or inside the body of their host.
e. g helminths or worms.
Infestation
Invasion of the body by Ectoparasites ___.
Infection
Invasion of the body by Endoparasites is called ___.
Facultative Parasites
Parasites that can live independently of the host (i. e free-living). These parasites do not have to live inside a host to complete their life cycle.
e. g Strongyloides stercoralis
Obligate Parasites
Parasites that must live inside the host to complete the life cycle. It is the majority of parasites that infect humans.
e. g Plasmodium Leishmania, hookworms.
Permanent Parasites
Parasites that remains in host from early life to maturity.
e. g Plasmodium, Tapeworm
Intermittent Parasites
parasites that simply visit the host during feeding time.
e. g Non-pathogenic parasites.
Incidental Parasites
Parasites that occur in an unusual host.
e. g Dog tapeworms in human.
Transitory Parasites
Parasite whose larva develops in a host while the adult is free-living.
e. g Echinococcus granulosus or dog tapeworm.
Erratic Parasites
Parasites that are seen in an unusual organ, different from that which it ordinarily parasitizes.
e. g Entamoeba histolytica in the liver or lung of a humans.
Definitive Host
are host that harbor the adult stage of the parasite or where the sexual stage or sexual phase of the life cycle
Intermediate Host
are host that harbor the larval stage of the parasite or where the asexual stage of the life cycle of the parasite occur.
e.g the parasitic worm, Taena solium (pork tapeworm), pigs and fish tapeworm.
Reservoir Host
are vertebrae hosts that harbor the parasite and may act as additional source infection in man.
e. g migratory birds serve as the reservoir host for the parasite Capillaria philippinensis which people normally get from contaminated fresh water. [Show Less]