CHAPTER 4 - TERMS
CHAPTER 4 - TERMS
Microbiology
The study of microorganisms. The scientific study of the nature, life and action of
... [Show More] microorganisms.
Contamination
The state of being soiled by contact with infectious organisms or other material.
Pathogen
Capable of causing disease (disease-causing microorganism).
Micron
1/25,000 of an inch or 1/1,000 of a millimeter.
Aerobic
Requiring the presence of air or free oxygen.
Anaerobic
Bacteria that can live in the absence of atmospheric oxygen.
Endospores (spores)
Microorganisms capable of forming a thick wall around themselves enabling them to survive in adverse conditions; a resistant form of bacterium.
pH
Measure of alkalinity or acidity on a scale of 0-14; pH of 7 is neutral (neither acid or alkaline); pH below 7 is acid; pH above 7 is alkaline.
Psychrophiles (bacteria)
Bacteria whose optimum temperature for growth is COLDER temperature of 59°F to 68°F (15°C to 20°C) or below.
Mesophiles (bacteria)
Bacteria that grow best at MODERATE temperatures of 68°F to 113°F (20°C to 45°C).
Thermophiles (bacteria)
Bacteria which grow best at a WARMER temperature of 122°Fto 158°F (50° to 70°C).
Vegetative stage
State of active growth of microorganisms (as opposed to the resting or spore stages).
Angstrom
A unit used to measure the length of light
waves.
Binary fission
The typical method of bacterial reproduction in which a cell divides into two equal parts.
Prion
An infectious protein particle: an infectious particle of protein that, unlike a virus, contains no nucleic acid, does not trigger an immune response, and is not destroyed by extreme heat or cold.
CHAPTER 4 - PRE-TEST
CHAPTER 4 - PRE-TEST
Viral
Herpes Simplex is a [a] disease
Anaerobic
Tetanus and botulism do not require free oxygen to grow, so they are classified as [a] bacteria.
Vegetative
Sunlight is lethal to the [a] stage of pathogens.
Binary Fission
The bacterial reproductive process that takes place when a mother cell divides into two daughter cells is called [a].
Positive
Using Gram-Stain classifications, Staphlococcus, Enterococcus, and Streptococcus are examples of Gram- [a] bacteria.
Mesophiles
[a] are often pathogenic to humans because they grow best at body temperature.
Flagella
Thread-like "tails" that help bacteria move through liquids are called [a].
gram stain, Ziehl-Neilson Stain
The two most common processes designed to classify bacteria by color change are the [a] and the [b]. [Show Less]