effervescent soluble medications - ✔✔ have lots of sodium!!!
Ex. Alka-Seltzer, Airborne Vit C tablets
where is aldosterone found - ✔✔
... [Show More] adrenal glands which are located at the top of the kidney
where is ADH found - ✔✔ pituitary
anytime we have a patient who has had a head injury, sinus surgery, craniotomy, or ICP that is increasing what is the first thing we want to think? - ✔✔ ADH problem???
what drugs act as ADH replacement - ✔✔ Vasopressin (Pitressin)
Desmopressin Acetate (DDVAP)
how does Bedrest affect diuresis - ✔✔ Bed rest causes diuresis to increase as ANP is released and the production of ADH is decreased
Think: when I run I wont pee
when I'm relaxing I need to pee. everytime I lay down and get comfortable, then I realize I have to go pee.
ANP - ✔✔ atrial natriuretic peptide
excretes Na and H2o
when a client has hypertension, cardiac/renal disease but in fluid volume deficit and needs to be rehydrated with IV fluids, what fluids are best choice to prevent FVE - ✔✔ hypotonic
when would it be appropriate to use hypertonic solutions - ✔✔ for the client with hyponatremia, or someone who has shifted large amounts of vascular volume to a 3rd space
-severe burns
-severe edema
-ascites
Calcium - ✔✔ 9-10.5
how is magnesium excreted - ✔✔ kidneys
Administering Magnesium/Calcium IV we can expect - ✔✔ these drugs to act like a sedative
everything will be relaxed
what do we need to check before administering magnesium - ✔✔ Kidney function
what foods are high in magnesium - ✔✔ ALL THINGS GREEN
SUNFLOWER SEEDS
SESAME SEEDS
FLAX SEEDS
how does parathyroid hormone work - ✔✔ when it senses that calcium is low in the blood it pulls calcium from the blood and pulls it into the bone
what electrolyte are we concerned about with a patient who had thyroidectomy - ✔✔ calcium deficiency
Phosphate binders - ✔✔ Sevelamer hydrochloride
Calcium Acetate
what should I do if I am administering Magnesium IV and the patients urinary output drops - ✔✔ STOP THE INFUSION
they are probably retaining too much magnesium now
IF WE HAVE A SODIUM PROBLEM - ✔✔ WE HAVE A FLUID PROBLEM
psychogenic polydipsia - ✔✔ loves to drink water
what is the major problem with oral potassium - ✔✔ GI upset
foods high in potassium - ✔✔ ALL THINGS GREEN
EGGPLANT
CANTALOUPE
TOMATOES
STRAWBERRIES
TUNA
halibut
cauliflower
oranges
lima beans
POTATOES
Albumin helps keep the fluid where - ✔✔ in the vascular space!
halo sign - ✔✔ CSF leakage
bradycardia after a head injury may suggest - ✔✔ Increased ICP
aphasia - ✔✔ the ability to comprehend information
stereognosis - ✔✔ ability to recognize objects by feeling their form, size, and weight while the eyes are closed
when a mother is hemorrhaging, and I go to massage the fundus what else should I assess for - ✔✔ a distended bladder. which would prevent uterus from contracting
GTPAL - ✔✔ Gravidity (G) is defined as the number of times pregnant, including the current pregnancy. Term (T) is defined as any birth after the end of the 37th week, and preterm (P) refers to any births between 20 and 37 weeks. Both term and preterm describe liveborn and stillborn infants. Abortion (A) is any fetal loss, whether spontaneous or elective, up to 20 weeks gestation. Living (L) refers to all children who are living at the time of the interview. Multiple fetuses such as twins, triplets, and beyond are treated as one pregnancy and one birth when recording the GTPAL.
Risk for gestational diabetes - ✔✔ Birth of an infant weighing more than 9 lbs (4.08 kg) is a risk factor for gestational diabetes. Other risk factors include maternal age older than 25, obesity, history of unexplained stillborn, family history of Type 1 diabetes in a first-degree relative, strong family history of Type 2 diabetes, and history of gestational diabetes in a previous pregnancy. Ethnic groups at increased risk include Hispanic, Native-American, Asian, and African-American.
Maternal/Fetal glucose & insulin - ✔✔ -Fetal insulin production begins at around 10 weeks' gestation, and insulin is secreted at levels that are adequate for utilization of the glucose obtained from the mother.
-Increasing levels of estrogen and progesterone in the first trimester stimulate the pancreas to increase insulin production, resulting in decreased blood glucose levels.
-Maternal glucose, not insulin, crosses the placenta through the process of carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion.
--Increased levels of hormones increase insulin resistance because they act as insulin antagonists. This serves as a glucose-sparing mechanism to ensure an adequate glucose supply to the fetus.
what fetal test is done to determine lung maturity and chromosomal abnormalities - ✔✔ amniocentesis
Butorphanol tartrate is - ✔✔ an opioid agonist-antagonist. Respiratory depression, nausea, and vomiting occur less often with this group of drugs when compared with opioid agonists. However, because butorphanol tartrate also acts as an antagonist, it is not suitable for women with a history of opioid dependence because it can precipitate withdrawal symptoms (abstinence syndrome) in both the mother and the neonate.
Rh immunity - ✔✔ Rh immune globulin is given to a mother who has Rh-negative blood and the infant is Rh-positive. It is given within 72 hours of delivery.
where should the uterus be 24 hours after delivery - ✔✔ The uterine fundus should be midline at the umbilicus after birth for 24 hours. A fundus elevated above the umbilicus or shifted to the left or right may indicate blood in the uterus or a full bladder. [Show Less]