HESI: Pediatrics EXAM 2022 REAL A GRADED
What is considered bradycardia in an infant? - CORRECT ANSWERHeart rate less than 90-110
An infant with CHF
... [Show More] taking digoxin has a heart rate of 80bpm, what does this indicate? - CORRECT ANSWERPossible digoxin toxicity
Fever due to immunizations may occur. What is contraindicated in this situation? - CORRECT ANSWERAspirin is contraindicated in children d/t risk for Reye's syndrome
What is the therapeutic level of theophylline? - CORRECT ANSWERTherapeutic level: 10-20 mcg/dL
How long should the Milwaukee brace for scoliosis should be worn? - CORRECT ANSWER23 hours a day, only remove for 1 hour for bathing
How is varicella spread? - CORRECT ANSWERDirect or indirect contact of saliva or vesicles.
Put on strict isolation to prevent exposure to others.
When is varicella most communicable? - CORRECT ANSWER2 days before the rash appears until all lesions are crusted
What are the most common presenting symptoms of leukemia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Bone pain r/t leukemic cells invading periosteum
-Pallor r/t anemia
What are some characteristics of spastic cerebral palsy in an infant? - CORRECT ANSWER-Legs crossing
-Stiffness when pulled to a sitting position
-Difficulty with fine motor skills
What as an infant at risk for when in celiac crisis? - CORRECT ANSWERRisk for fluid volume deficit d/t severe diarrhea--assess for dehydration (mucous membranes and skin turgor)
What behavior is common in a 4 year old? - CORRECT ANSWERAggressive behavior is common, they enjoy telling stories.
What initial symptom is common for a newborn to exhibit with positive HIV? - CORRECT ANSWERPersistent cold--respiratory tract infections are common, less ability to defend body
Why must the heart rate be monitored during an NG tube insertion for a 3-month old? - CORRECT ANSWERHR may decrease because of vagal nerve stimulation
How to determine calorie requirement for an infant? - CORRECT ANSWER108 cals/kg/day
Common risk factor for a child with developmental dysplasia of the hip? - CORRECT ANSWERInfant in breech position
What is often done prior to any invasive procedure for children with valvular damage? - CORRECT ANSWERProphylactic antibiotics
What is priority nursing intervention for a child with polycythemia? - CORRECT ANSWERMaintain adequate fluid hydration.
What part of the child's body is bigger compared to an adults? - CORRECT ANSWERHead and neck
What is the most common cause of acquired aplastic anemia? - CORRECT ANSWERExposure to certain drugs
At what age is the infant able to lift and control its head? - CORRECT ANSWER3-4 months
What is the proper way to administer eardrops to a child? - CORRECT ANSWERPulled down and back
Earliest sign of hydrocephalus in an infant? - CORRECT ANSWERIrritability and poor feeding
In children, what is always the initial sign of respiratory distress? - CORRECT ANSWERRestlessness r/t decreasing amts of circulating oxygen
A patient with laryngotracheobronchitis cannot speak anymore. What may this indicate? - CORRECT ANSWERThe condition is worsening--impending airway obstruction.
Risk for respiratory arrest secondary to edema and inflammation.
What breath sound is common with laryngotracheobronchitis? - CORRECT ANSWERInspiratory stridor
Asthma discharge education - CORRECT ANSWER-Exercise daily
-Remove allergens from sleeping room
-See provider for eval every 3-6 months
Best way to prevent aspiration - CORRECT ANSWERSide-lying position
Most reliable diagnostic test for cystic fibrosis - CORRECT ANSWERQuantitative sweat test--pilocarpine iontophoresis.
When should the nurse withhold chest PT? - CORRECT ANSWEREx. when the child is having acute bronchoconstriction/airway edema--lossening mucus plugs could cause airway obstruction
What heart defect can result from rheumatic fever in children? - CORRECT ANSWERAortic stenosis
What cardiac anomaly produces a left-to-right shunt? - CORRECT ANSWERAtrial septal defect--pressure is greater on the left side of the heart
What causes sinus tachycardia in a child? - CORRECT ANSWERFever
When may the ductus close in patent ductus arteriosus? - CORRECT ANSWER6 weeks
What is the relationship of blood pressure and coarctation of the aorta? - CORRECT ANSWERUpper extremities will have a higher blood pressure
A child projectile vomits--what would the nurse suspect? - CORRECT ANSWERPyloric stenosis
What comment may suggest nephrotic syndrome? - CORRECT ANSWER"Her clothes are fitting tighter and she has put on more weight than usual."--edema/wt gain
What should the urine look like after a toddler gets a procedure done to correct hypospadias? - CORRECT ANSWERClear yellow appearance
Nursing interventions for acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) - CORRECT ANSWER-Monitor for acute hypertension
-Daily weights w/ strict input and output
-Admin of diuretics as ordered
90-90 traction purpose - CORRECT ANSWERAssist in reducing the fracture
What type of brace is used for treatment of scoliosis? - CORRECT ANSWERBoston or Wilmington braces
What information should be provided about sunscreen and infants? - CORRECT ANSWERSunscreen should not be applied to infants younger than 6 months
Discharge instructions for impetigo - CORRECT ANSWER-Gently wash lesions to remove crusting twice a day
-Stop the antibiotics as soon as the crusting disappears
-Apply antibiotic cream twice a day
Tinea pedis - CORRECT ANSWERSuperficial fungal infection on the feet---athelete's foot. [Show Less]