1. A female patient has been experiencing recurrent urinary tract infections. What health education should
the nurse provide to this patient?
A. Bathe
... [Show More] daily and keep the perineal region clean.
B. Avoid voiding immediately after sexual intercourse.
C. Drink liberal amounts of fluids.
D. Void at least every 6 to 8 hours.
Ans: C. The patient is encouraged to drink liberal amounts of fluids (water is the best choice) to increase
urine production and flow, which flushes the bacteria from the urinary tract. Frequent voiding (every 2
to 3 hours) is encouraged to empty the bladder completely because this can significantly lower urine
bacterial counts, reduce urinary stasis, and prevent reinfection. The patient should be encouraged to
shower rather than bathe.
2. A 42-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of occasional urinary incontinence when she sneezes.
The clinic nurse should recognize what type of incontinence?
A. Stress incontinence
B. Reflex incontinence
C. Overflow incontinence
D. Functional incontinence
Ans: A. Stress incontinence is the involuntary loss of urine through an intact urethra as a result of
sudden increase in intra-abdominal pressure. Reflex incontinence is loss of urine due to hyperreflexia or
involuntary urethral relaxation in the absence of normal sensations usually associated with voiding.
Overflow incontinence is an involuntary urine loss associated with overdistension of the bladder.
Functional incontinence refers to those instances in which the function of the lower urinary tract is
intact, but other factors (outside the urinary system) make it difficult or impossible for the patient to
reach the toilet in time for voiding.
3. A nurse is caring for a female patient whose urinary retention has not responded to conservative
treatment. When educating this patient about self-catheterization, the nurse should encourage
what practice?
A. Assuming a supine position for self-catheterization
B. Using clean technique at home to catheterize
C. Inserting the catheter 1 to 2 inches into the urethra
D. Self-catheterizing every 2 hours at home
Ans: B. The patient may use a clean (nonsterile) technique at home, where the risk of crosscontamination is reduced. The average daytime clean intermittent catheterization schedule is
every 4 to 6 hours and just before bedtime. The female patient assumes a Fowlers position and
uses a mirror to help locate the urinary meatus. The nurse teaches her to catheterize herself by
inserting a catheter 7.5 cm (3 inches) into the urethra, in a downward and backward direction.
4. A 52-year-old patient is scheduled to undergo ileal conduit surgery. When planning this patients
discharge education, what is the most plausible nursing diagnosis that the nurse should address?
A. Impaired mobility related to limitations posed by the ileal conduit
B. Deficient knowledge related to care of the ileal conduit
C. Risk for deficient fluid volume related to urinary diversion
D. Risk for autonomic dysreflexia related to disruption of the sacral plexus
Ans: B. The patient will most likely require extensive teaching about the care and maintenance of a new
urinary diversion. A diversion does not create a serious risk of fluid volume deficit. Mobility is unlikely
to be impaired after the immediate postsurgical recovery. The sacral plexus I not threatened by the
creation of a urinary diversion [Show Less]