Hesi Comprehensive Exam Version 1 (New 2024/ 2025 Update) Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct| A Grade
QUESTION
A female client reports to
... [Show More] the nurse that her sleep was interrupted by " thoughts of anger towards my husband" What type of thoughts is the client having?
Answer:
Obsessive
Obsessive thoughts (A) are thoughts that the client is unable to control. (B) are irrational fears. (C) are false beliefs. (D) are suspicious thoughts
QUESTION
A female client tells the nurse that her home pregnancy test is positive and her last menstrual period (LMP) was febuary 14. the client wants to know the expected date of birth (EDB) how should the nurse respond?
Answer:
November 21
Subract 3 months and add 7 days to the first day of the last normal menstrual period.
Using Nägele's rule to calculate EDB, subtract 3 months and add 7 days to the first day of the last normal menstrual period. The client's LMP is February 14, so less 3 months + 7 days is November 21 (B) of the next year. (A, C, and D) are inaccurate.
QUESTION
A female client tells the nurse that she does not know which day of the month is best to do breast self-exams (BSE). Which instruction should the nurse provide?
Answer:
Five to seven days after menses cease.
Due to the effect of cyclic ovarian changes on the breast, the best time for breast self-examination (BSE) is 5 to 7 days after menstruation stops (D) because physiologic alterations in breast size and activity reach their minimal level after menses. (A and B) can vary from month to month and do not provide a consistent day of the month for the client to remember to do BSE. (C) is commonly the day of the menstrual cycle that the breast are most affected by hormonal influence.
QUESTION
A low potassium diet is prescribed for a client what foods should the nurse try to avodi?
Answer:
Dried prunes
A serving of dried prunes (D) contains more than 300 mg of potassium, and should be avoided. The richest dietary sources of potassium are unprocessed foods (especially fruits), many vegetables, and some dairy products, so the client should avoid these food groups. Servings of foods containing less than 150 mg of potassium, such as (A, B, and C), are good choices for a low potassium diet.
QUESTION
A male client diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder is morbidly obese and is placed on a low fat diet,low calorie diet. At dinner the nurse notes that he is trying to get other clients on the unit to give him part of their meals. what intervention should the nurse implement?
Answer:
Confront the client about the consequences of the behavior.
The nurse should provide a reality check by helping the client realize that there are consequences to his behavior (D). (A and B) do not help the client realize that his behavior is manipulative and harmful to himself as well as others. This behavior needs to be documented, but (C) does not need to be implemented.
QUESTION
A male client is angry and is leaving the hospital against medical advice (AMA). The client demands to take his chart with him and states the chart is "his" and he doesn' t want any more contact with the hospital. How should the nurse respond?
Answer:
The chart is the property of the hospital but I will see that a copy is made for you.
The chart is the property of the facility, but the client has a legal right to the information in it, even if he is leaving AMA, so a copy of the record (D) should be provided. The client does not lose his legal rights to his medical record if he leaves AMA (A). The medical record is confidential, but the hospital protects the client's privacy by not allowing unauthorized access to the record, so the hospital may provide the client with a copy (B). The hospital must maintain records of the care provided and should not release the original record (C).
QUESTION
A male client who had abdominal surgery has a nasogastric tube to suction, oxygen per nasal cannula, and complains of dry mouth. Which action should the nurse implement?
Answer:
Apply a water soluble lubricant to the lips, oral mucosa and nares.
To ease the client's discomfort, a water soluble lubricant to the lips and nares assists to keep the mucous membranes moist (D). (A) is a petroleum-based product and should not be used because it is flammable. (B and C) should not be given to the client with a nasogastric tube to suction because it can cause further distension and interfere with fluid and electrolyte balance.
QUESTION
A male client who has been taking propranolol ( inderal) for 18 months tells the nurse the healthcare provider discontinued the medication because his blood pressure has been normal for the past three months. Which instruction should the use provide?
Answer:
Ask the health care provider about tapering the drug dose over the next week.
Although the healthcare provider discontinued the propranolol, measures to prevent rebound cardiac excitation, such as progressively reducing the dose over one to two weeks (C), should be recommended to prevent rebound tachycardia, hypertension, and ventricular dysrhythmias. Abrupt cessation (A and B) of the beta-blocking agent may precipitate tachycardia and rebound hypertension, so gradual weaning should be recommended.
QUESTION
A male client who lives in an area endemic with lyme disease asks the nurse what to do if he thinks he may have been exposed. Which response should the nurse provide?
Answer:
Look for early signs of lesion that increases in size with a red border, clear center.
The client should look for the early signs of localized Lyme disease known as erythema migrans, a skin lesion that slowly expands to form a large round lesion with a bright red border and clear center (B) at the site of the tick bite. A tick should be removed with tweezers by pulling straight from its insertion away from the skin, and not compressing its body or covering it with oil (A). Lyme disease is caused by the spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, which is transmitted by the bite of an infected deer tick, and antiviral agents (D) are ineffective. Symptoms, such as fever, chills, headache, stiff neck, fatigue, and swollen lymph nodes are more typical, not nausea and vomiting (C).
QUESTION
A male client with a history of chronic back pain that was managed with opiate analgesics calls the nurse after having back surgery. The client reports that the back pain is finally gone, but after stopping the pain medication, the client has been having severe diarrhea and painful muscle cramps. Which assessment information should the nurse obtain next?
Answer:
When did the symptoms begin after the last dose of opiate analgesic?
Moderate to severe opiate withdrawal manifests with moderate to severe vomiting, diarrhea, muscle cramps, and elevated blood pressures greater than 110 systolic or 70 diastolic. The onset of withdrawal for opiate analgesics typically coincides with the time of the next habitual drug dose at 4-6 hours and may last as long as 7 to 14 days, so determining the time of the last dose (D) pinpoints the relationship of opiate dependency and withdrawal symptoms. (A and B) are treatment options prescribed for withdrawal once further information is collected. (C) may be helpful information, but (D) is more focused and helps to differentiate the symptoms from a viral syndrome.
QUESTION
A male client, who has been smoking 1 pack of cigarettes every day for the last 20 years, is scheduled for surgery and will be unable to smoke after surgery. During preoperative teaching, the client asks the nurse what symptoms he may expect after surgery from nicotine withdrawal. Which response is best for the nurse to [Show Less]