GOVT 2306 Final Exam - Questions and Answers In 2018, approximately how many students were enrolled in public schools in Texas? a. 5 million b. 3
... [Show More] million c. 8 million d. 1 million Which of the following is a challenge facing education policy in Texas? a. high level of public spending per pupil b. low dropout rates c. high teenage pregnancy rates among Hispanic students d. changing demographics of students enrolled in Texas schools The debate over public education in Texas goes back to the a. Constitution of 1876. b. first decade of the twenty-first century. c. post-World War II era and the returning military service members. d. break with Mexico. Charter schools are funded by a. state monies and sometimes privately raised funds. b. a combination of public funds and tuition payments. c. tuition payments made by parents of students attending the schools. d. a combination of tuition payments and work study agreements. In 1949, which law increased state funding and established the Texas Education Agency (TEA), which carries out the state's educational program? a. No Child Left Behind b. Gilmer-Aikin Laws c. Top 10 Percent Plan d. Texas Educational Framework Under the Gilmer-Aikin Laws, a. the State Board of Education was established to supervise public education in Texas. b. the State Board of Education was abolished for being redundant and in competition with the federal Department of Education. c. the Religious Antidiscrimination Act was repealed. d. the State Board of Education members are appointed, not elected. The three main issues that have shaped education policy in Texas over the last 50 years have been a. income taxes, federal regulation, and teachers' salaries. b. labor unions, civil rights, and school district lines. c. funding, desegregation, and educational excellence. d. desegregation, access to the Internet, and urbanization. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) a. invalidated state-imposed racial segregation in Texas. b. validated the election of State Board of Education members. c. overturned the Brown v. Board of Education U.S. Supreme Court case of 1954. d. validated state-imposed racial segregation in Texas public schools. Which U.S. Supreme Court case overturned Plessy v. Ferguson, ruling that state-imposed segregation in schools isolated the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment? a. San Antonio v. Rodriguez b. Edge ISD v. Kirby c. Brown v. Board of Education d. Mendez v. Westminster Which of the following occurred during the 2017 legislative session? a. The legislature passed a law requiring that the state boost per capita spending on education to remain ahead of inflation. b. The legislature introduced new requirements mandating additional training post-bachelor's degree to receive a permanent teaching certificate. c. The legislature shifted more of the responsibility for education funding onto local governments. d. The legislature proposed the creation of a new dedicated budget fund for capital improvements for school districts. Under the separate but equal doctrine in the 1920s and 1930s, the amount of money Texas spent on black students was ________ the amount spent on white students in public schools. a. the same as b. much higher than c. lower than d. rapidly catching up to In Brown v. Board of Education, segregated school districts were ordered to a. double the funding for African American integrated schools. b. desegregate their schools within the next 10 years. c. desegregate their schools "with all deliberate speed." d. appoint a commission to study the Texas school system and make recommendations to the governor. Since the late 1960s, de facto segregation a. has been completely eliminated. b. continues to be a problem, particularly in urban public schools with large minority populations. c. has been ruled illegal and, therefore, is no longer an issue in public education. d. has resulted in all federal funds being withheld from the public schools in Texas. Which of the following helps explain why the push to use testing and accountability as tools to reform the educational system in Texas was successful? a. the influence of teachers in the political culture of Texas b. the influence of business groups in the political culture of Texas c. the influence of parents in the political culture of Texas d. the influence of dual federalism—these steps were required by the federal government In the 1973 San Antonio v. Rodriguez case, the Supreme Court ruled 5-4 that states such as Texas a. are required to subsidize poorer school districts under the equal protection clause. b. are not required to subsidize poorer school districts under the equal protection clause. c. are required to equalize funding to public and private schools. d. are not required to subsidize wealthy school districts under the equal protection clause. In Edgewood ISD v. Kirby, the key constitutional issue was a. whether the Brown v. Board of Education decision applied to Texas students. b. whether the phrase "an efficient system of free public schools" included school financing. c. de facto segregation. d. the continuing effects of Roe v. Wade on public education. ________ calls for wealthy districts to transfer funds to poorer districts in order to equalize funds available to all public schools across the state. a. The equalization plan b. The Edgewood IV plan c. The Robin Hood plan d. Senate Bill 7 The Robin Hood plan was found unconstitutional because it required a. approval from school superintendents and teachers. b. approval from the school board and voters. c. approval from individual cities. d. local voter approval of property tax levies and it prohibited a state property tax. In 2016, the Texas Supreme Court held that the existing system for funding public schools met the minimum constitutional provisions for a. fairness. b. efficiency. c. general diffusion of knowledge d. acceptability. Supporters of vouchers argue that ____________________________; while opponents argue that ___________________________. a. if parents do not think a public school is working for their child, they should be able to send their child to a private school and take their funding with them; vouchers will drain money from public schools and leave only poorer children in these schools. b. they will encourage highly qualified teachers to come to Texas because they offer better pay; the vouchers will create an unsustainable situation because they require a very low student-to-teacher ratio. c. they are the most cost-efficient way for the state to be in compliance with the regulations imposed by the No Child Left Behind Act; they are an expensive unfunded mandate forced upon the state by the federal government. d. they are essential to ensure that all Texans can attend the college or university of their choice; they end up driving up the cost of attendance for all students. Among the most important findings of the 1983 report A Nation at Risk were that a. graduation rates were improving and dropout rates were increasing. b. dropout rates were increasing and test scores were improving. c. test scores were declining and functional illiteracy was increasing. d. functional illiteracy was decreasing and test scores were improving. The Select Committee on Public Education (SCOPE) presented 140 recommendations to the legislature in 1984, including one known as "no pass, no play" which stated that [Show Less]