(Gerontology Exam 2) Basic Geriatric Nursing: chapters 010, 011, 012 Revised Quiz Test 2023/2024 VERIFIED
aphasia correct answers impairment of
... [Show More] language, usually caused by left hemisphere damage either to Broca's area (impairing speaking) or to Wernicke's area (impairing understanding).
catastrophic reactions correct answers - Excessively emotional responses.
- the person over-reacts to something that would cause a healthy person minimal or no stress; the person becomes very agitated and may begin to scream
cognition correct answers all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating
- includes: intelligence, memory, language, and decision making.
confusion correct answers a mental state characterized by disorientation regarding time, place, or person that leads to bewilderment, perplexity, lack of orderly thought and the inability to choose or act desisivly and to perform ADLs.
crystallized intelligence correct answers ability to perform tasks and make judgement based on the knowledge and experience acquired throughout a lifetime.
aka wisdom.
delirium correct answers - mental disorder characterized by disturbances in cognition, attention, memory, and perception.
- sxs include: confusion, disorientation, restlessness, clouding of consciousness, incoherence, fear, anxiety, and excitement.
- Often characterized by illusions, hallucinations, usually of visual origin; and at times, delusions.
Dementia correct answers a general term for a permanent or progressive organic mental disorder characterized by personality changes, confusion, disorientation, and deterioration of intellectual functioning and by impaired control of memory, judgement, and impulses.
Dysarthia correct answers difficult poorly articulated speech resulting from interference in the control and execution over the muscles of speech, usually caused by neurologic damage.
dysphagia correct answers difficulty swallowing
dysphasia correct answers aka aphasia
hemianopsia correct answers vision loss in half of the visual field of one or both eyes
intelligence correct answers the potential ability and capacity to acquire, retain, and apply experience, understanding, knowledge, reasoning, and judgement in coping with new experiences and solving problems.
memory correct answers the mental faculty or power that enables one to retain and recall, through unconscious associative processes, previously experienced sensations, impressions, ideas, concepts, and all information that has been consciously learned.
otosclerosis correct answers hereditary condition of the bony labyrinth of the ear in which there is formation of spongy bone, resulting in hearing loss.
Perception correct answers the conscious recognition and interpretation of sensory stimuli that serve as a basis for understanding, learning, and knowing, or for motivating a particular action or reaction.
presbyopia correct answers Found in older people, farsightedness resulting from a loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye and resulting in a decrease in the power of accommodation.
Stimuli correct answers Things that excite or incite an organism or part to function, become active, or respond.
sundowning syndrome correct answers A condition in which persons with cognitive impairment (e.g., people with Alzheimer disease) and older people tend to become confused or disorientated at the end of the day, exhibiting such behaviors as wandering, combativeness, suspiciousness, hallucinations, and delusions.
Describe normal sensory and cognitive function. (chapter 10) correct answers 1. Environment excites/stimulates the senses.
2. Senses pass the stimuli to the cerebral cortex where recognition (perception) and interpretation (cognition) occur.
- Specific regions of the cerebral cortex are responsible for detecting and processing stimuli acquired by var senses.
- Malfunction of the sensory organs or the interpretation centers in the brain results in distributed perception and cognition.
Describe how sensory perception and cognition change with aging. (chapter 10) correct answers - Visual changes: farsightedness (caused by presbyopia), decreased ability to respond to changes in light which result in night blindness, cataracts (cloud the lens and glare sensitivity).
- Auditory changes: loss of hearing acuity particularly of higher pitch sounds (presbycusis), loss of hearing from decreased sound transmission (otosclerosis), and ringing in the ears (tinnitus) which can be caused by Meniere's disease or age-related changes or even medications. [Show Less]