Fundamentals of Nursing NCLEX RN Exam Practice Q&A Set 8| 75 Questions
1. 1. Question
The best explanation of what Title VI of the Civil Rights Act
... [Show More] mandates is the freedom to:
o A. Pick any physician and insurance company despite one’s income.
o B. Receive free medical benefits as needed within the county of residence.
o C. Have equal access to all health care regardless of race and religion.
o D. Have basic care with a sliding scale payment plan from all healthcare facilities.
Incorrect
Correct Answer: C. Have equal access to all health care regardless of race and religion.
Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 states that “No person in the United States shall, on the ground of race, color, or national origin, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance.”
o Option A: The Affordable Care Act puts consumers back in charge of their health care. Under the law, a new “Patient’s Bill of Rights” gives the American people the stability and flexibility they need to make informed choices about their health. Through this bill, the client may choose the primary care physician he wants from his plan’s network.
o Option B: Since the Patient’s Bill of Rights was enacted, the Affordable Care Act has provided additional rights and protections. The health care law covers preventive care at no cost. Clients may be eligible for recommended preventive health services without a copayment.
o Option D: Under the Patient’s Bill of Rights, a client’s premium dollars are ensured to be spent on primary healthcare, not on administrative costs. Also, the bill removes insurance company barriers to emergency services that are outside of their health plan’s network.
2. 2. Question
Which statement would best explain the role of the nurse when planning care for a culturally diverse population? The nurse will plan care to:
o A. Include care that is culturally congruent with the staff from predetermined criteria.
o B. Focus only on the needs of the client, ignoring the nurse’s beliefs and practices.
o C. Blend the values of the nurse that are for the good of the client and minimize the client’s individual values and beliefs during care.
o D. Provide care while aware of one’s own bias, focusing on the client’s individual needs rather than the staff’s practices.
Incorrect
Correct Answer: D. Provide care while aware of one’s own bias, focusing on the client’s individual needs rather than the staff’s practices
Without understanding one’s own beliefs and values, a bias or preconceived belief by the nurse could create an unexpected conflict or an area of neglect in the plan of care for a client (who might be expecting something totally different from the care). During assessment values, beliefs, practices should be identified by the nurse and used as a guide to identify the choices by the nurse to meet specific needs/outcomes of that client. Therefore identification of values, beliefs, and practices allows for planning meaningful and beneficial care specific for this client.
o Option A: As nurses strive to learn more about becoming culturally sensitive nurses, they should also let others know what they are doing and why. Encourage co-workers to provide more culturally competent care. Approach sharing awareness with openness and positivity, rather than from a critical point of view.
o Option B: Cultural competency in the health care sector supports positive patient outcomes and improves medical research accuracy. Cultural competence is learning about how cultural differences may impact healthcare decisions and being able to modify care to align with that patient’s culture.
o Option C: Active listening in the healthcare community is imperative, especially when individuals of different racial or cultural backgrounds are involved. It’s important that patients feel heard and validated, particularly when they are in a vulnerable position.
3. 3. Question
Which factor is least significant during assessment when gathering information about cultural practices?
o A. Language, timing
o B. Touch, eye contact
o C. Biocultural needs
o D. Pain perception, management expectations
Incorrect
Correct Answer: C. Biocultural needs
Cultural practices do not influence biocultural needs because they are inborn risks that are related to a biological need and not a learned cultural belief or practice. Culturally competent healthcare professionals learn about different groups and the values that drive them. They develop nonjudgmental acceptance of cultural and noncultural differences in patients and coworkers, using diversity as a strength that empowers them to achieve mutually acceptable healthcare goals.
o Option A: When a patient doesn’t speak English and there is no interpreter, spend more time visiting to allay patients’ anxiety. Learn key phrases from the family and use flashcards to enhance communication. When all else fails, sign language does work. Remember that making the effort shows the patient that you care. You are using the language of the heart and building trust.
o Option B: Both the clinician and the interpreter must pay particular attention to nonverbal feedback during communication with the patient to ensure understanding of the patient’s concerns and desires. During the exchange, the clinician and the interpreter must be able to convey caring and support to gain patients’ confidence and trust, particularly when they are revealing sensitive information.
o Option D: Culture influences patients’ perceptions of illness, pain, and healing. These perceptions may conflict with clinicians’ views based on the medical model. Keep an open mind and listen actively to what patients say about their illness.
4. 4. Question
Transcultural nursing implies:
o A. Using a comparative study of cultures to understand similarities and differences across human groups to provide specific individualized care that is culturally appropriate.
o B. Working in another culture to practice nursing within their limitations.
o C. Combining all cultural beliefs into a practice that is a non-threatening approach to minimize cultural barriers for all clients’ equality of care.
o D. Ignoring all cultural differences to provide the best-generalized care to all clients.
Incorrect
Correct Answer: A. Using a comparative study of cultures to understand similarities and differences across human groups to provide specific individualized care that is culturally appropriate
Transcultural care means that by understanding and learning about specific cultural practices the nurse can integrate these practices into the plan of care for a specific individual client who has the same beliefs or practices to meet the client’s needs in a holistic manner of care.
o Option B: Nurses should explore new ways of providing cultural care in multicultural societies, understand how culture affects health-illness definitions, and build a bridge for the gap between the caring process and the individuals in different cultures.
o Option C: The individuals’ beliefs about health, attitudes, and behaviors, past experiences, treatment practices, in short, their culture, play a vital role in improving health, preventing and treating diseases. Health workers must collect cultural data to understand the attitudes of coping with illness, health promotion, and protection.
o Option D: Nurses should offer acceptable and affordable care for the individuals under the conditions of the day. Knowing what cultural practices are done in the target communities and identifying the cultural barriers to offering quality health care positively affects the caring process.
5. 5. Question
What should the nurse do when planning nursing care for a client with a different cultural background? The nurse should:
o A. Allow the family to provide care during the hospital stay so no rituals or customs are broken.
o B. Identify how these cultural variables affect the health problem.
o C. Speak slowly and show pictures to make sure the client always understands.
o D. Explain how the client must adapt to hospital routines to be effectively cared for while in the hospital.
Incorrect
Correct Answer: B. Identify how these cultural variables affect the health problem.
Without assessment and identification of the cultural needs, the nurse cannot begin to understand how these might influence the health problem or health care management. Culture is influential at many levels in health, ranging from the formation of new diagnostic groups to the diagnosis of disease to the determination of what is called a disease or no symptoms and disease cues
o Option A: The transcultural approach should be considered in a wide range of subjects, starting from asking if there are any religious practices to be followed or done by the patient during the hospitalization, and writing the signs in the hospital in two different languages.
o Option C: Health culture is concerned with every individual’s or the society’s patterns of living, celebrating, being happy in life, suffering, and dying. It is not enough for the individual to acquire only health-related information, but basic skills such as comprehending health-related values, developing a healthy lifestyle, and self-evaluation must be developed.
o Option D: The environment is an integral part of the culture. Individuals as physical, ecological, sociopolitical, and cultural beings are continuously interacting with each other. Nurses may have to intervene in the patient and family relationship because of frequent bureaucratic arrangements and procedures.
6. 6. Question
Which activity would not be expected by the nurse to meet the cultural needs of the client?
o A. Promote and support attitudes, behaviors, knowledge, and skills to respectfully meet the client’s cultural needs despite the nurse’s own beliefs and practices.
o B. Ensure that the interpreter understands not only the language of the client but feelings and attitudes behind cultural practices to make sure an ethical balance can be achieved.
o C. Develop structure and process for meeting cultural needs on a regular basis and means to avoid overlooking these needs with clients.
o D. Expect the family to keep an interpreter present at all times to assist in meeting the communication needs all day and night while hospitalized.
Incorrect
Correct Answer: D. Expect the family to keep an interpreter present at all times to assist in meeting the communication needs all day and night while hospitalized
It is not the family’s responsibility to assist in the communication process. Many families will leave someone to help at times, but it is the hospital’s legal obligation to find an interpreter for continued understanding by the client to make sure the client is fully informed and comprehends in his or her primary language.
o Option A: When caring for a patient from a culture different from the nurse’s own, she needs to be aware of and respect his cultural preferences and beliefs; otherwise, he may consider the nurse insensitive and indifferent, possibly even incompetent. But beware of assuming that all members of any one culture act and behave in the same way; in other words, don’t stereotype people.
o Option B: Establishing an environment where cultural differences are respected begins with effective communication. This occurs not just from speaking the same language, but also through body language and other cues, such as voice, tone, and loudness. The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) requires facilities to have interpreters available, so every facility should make a list available.
o Option C: Thinking about one’s beliefs and recognizing one’s own cultural bias and worldview will help understand differences and resolve cultural and ethical conflicts one may face. But while caring for this patient, promote open dialogue and work with him, his family, and health care providers to reach a culturally appropriate solution. For example, a patient who refuses a routine blood transfusion might accept an autologous one.
7. 7. Question
Ethical principles for professional nursing practice in a clinical setting are guided by the principles of conduct that are written as the:
o A. American Nurses Association’s (ANA’s) Code of Ethics
o B. Nurse Practice Act (NPA) written by state legislation
o C. Standards of care from experts in the practice field
o D. Good Samaritan laws for civil guidelines
Incorrect
Correct Answer: A. American Nurses Association’s (ANA’s) Code of Ethics
This set of ethical principles provides the professional guidelines established by the ANA to maintain the highest standards for ideal conduct in practice. As a profession, the ANA wanted to establish rules and then incorporate guidelines for accountability and responsibility of each nurse within the practice setting.
o Option B: Every state and territory in the US sets laws to govern the practice of nursing. These laws are defined in the Nursing Practice Act (NPA). The NPA is then interpreted into regulations by each state and territorial nursing board with the authority to regulate the practice of nursing care and the power to enforce the laws. Fifty states, the District of Columbia and 4 United States (US) territories, have state boards of nursing (BON) that are responsible for regulating their individual NPA.
o Option C: Professional standards describe the competent level of care in each phase of the nursing process. They reflect a desired and achievable level of performance against which a nurse’s actual performance can be compared. The main purpose of professional standards is to direct and maintain a safe and clinically competent nursing practice.
o Option D: Good Samaritan laws have their basis on the idea that consensus agreement favors good “public policy” to limit liability for those who voluntarily perform care and rescue in emergency situations. It is well known that medical emergencies outside of the umbrella “medical setting” or “clinical environment” are common. [Show Less]