What are signs & symptoms of SIADH (Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone)? ✔✔ Increased production of ADH (antidiuretic hormone),
... [Show More] hyponatremia, concentrated urine (from excess water resorption), elevated urine osmolality, mental status changes from cerebral edema.
Diabetes insipidus is associated with what sodium level? ✔✔ Hypernatremia
Psychogenic polydipsia results in urine that is: ✔✔ diluted with low osmolality and hyponatremia
How would you determine the cause of a patient's AKI who presents with decreased urine output, history of neurogenic bladder, chronic foley, dark urine, and Cr increase from 1.3 to 2.1 over 3 months? ✔✔ Flush the foley catheter to see if urine comes out and assess the patency of the catheter. This action will unblock clogged sediment or biofilm from chronic bacteriuria.
When a female patient presents to the ER after sexual assault, what medications should be offered prior to discharge? ✔✔ Ceftriaxone, azithromycin, Plan B, and Metronidazole.
Manifestations of Conn syndrome (hyperaldosteronism)? ✔✔ hypernatremia, hypokalemia, and hypertension
What causes Cushing syndrome? ✔✔ Increased levels of glucocorticoids, can be exogenous (from therapy) or endogenous (from adenoma or neoplasm).
Manifestations of Cushing syndrome? ✔✔ hypertension, truncal obesity, osteoporosis, skin fragility, and hyperglycemia.
What differentiates primary adrenocortical insufficiency from secondary adrenocortical insufficiency? ✔✔ Skin hyperpigmentation is present in primary adrenocortical insufficiency
What is Trousseau's sign? ✔✔ A carpal spasm elicited by compression of the upper arm with a BP cuff that indicates hypocalcemia.
What is Chovstek's sign? ✔✔ A hemifacial tic that is induced by tapping the facial nerve below the maxilla that indicates hypocalcemia.
What is Babinski's sign? ✔✔ An upward response (extension) of the hallux when the sole of the foot is stimulated with a blunt instrument. Can identify spinal cord disease in adults.
What is Romberg's sign? ✔✔ Loss of balance in standing when eyes are closed. Usually indicating a loss of proprioception or lesion in the cerebellum. [Show Less]