Final Exam: NUR2063/ NUR 2063 (New 2023/ 2024 Update) Essentials of Pathophysiology Exam Review |Modules 9-10 | Complete Guide with Verified Answers| 100%
... [Show More] Correct- Rasmussen
QUESTION
what is the pathogenesis/etiology of a transient ischemic attack (TIA)?
Answer:
1. temporary cerebral ischemia resulting in neurological deficites
2. cerebral artery occlusion, narrowing or injury
3. risk factors: smoking, DM, migraines, advancing age, poor nutrition ,hypercholesterolemia,
oral contraceptives, ETOH, illicit drug use
QUESTION
what are the clinical maifestations of a transient ischemic attack (TIA)?
Answer:
1. start suddenly, resolve within 24 hours
2. weakness, paralysis, aphasia, receptive aphasia, dysphagia, difficulty reading, vision issues,
changes in sensation, changes in LOC, personality/mood/emotional changes, confusion, agnosia,
ataxia, vertigo, incontinence
QUESTION
what are treatment options for of a transient ischemic attack (TIA)?
Answer:
1. PREVENT CVA --> manage underlying conditions, medications, angioplasty, carotid
endarterectomy
2. lifelong management --> smoking cessation, diet (increase fruit/veggies, decreased
fats/cholesterol), limit ETOH, eliminate illicit drugs
QUESTION
what is the pathogenesis/etiology of a cerebral vascular accident (CVA) Ischemic stroke?
Answer:
sudden blockage of blood flow in an area of the brain
1. thrombosis of cerebral artery or intracranial vessels occluding blood flow
2. embolism from thrombosis outside the brain
3. most common
QUESTION
what CVA is the most common?
Answer:
ischemic
QUESTION
what is the pathogenesis/etiology of a cerebral vascular accident (CVA) hemorrhagic stroke?
Answer:
bleeding into the brain
1. hemorrhage from intracranial artery.vein
2. R/T HTN, ruptured aneurysm, trauma, hemorrhage disorder, septic embolism
3. 15-20% of strokes
4. most deadly
5. leads to secondary injury
QUESTION
which CVA is the most deadly?
Answer:
hemorrhagic
QUESTION
what are the clinical manifestations of a cerebral vascular accident (CVA)
hemorrhagic/ischemic stroke?
Answer:
1. same as TIA but without some resolution
2. hemorrhagic = headaches
QUESTION
whats the difference between ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes?
Answer:
An ischemic stroke is when blood vessels to the brain become clogged. A hemorrhagic stroke is
when bleeding interferes with the brain's ability to function
QUESTION
what are the treatment implications of a cerebral vascular accident (CVA) ischemic stroke?
Answer:
1. treat within 3 hours
2. thrombolytic agents and aspirin, angioplasty, carotid endarterectomy
QUESTION
what are the treatment implications of of a cerebral vascular accident (CVA) hemorrhagic
stroke?
Answer:
1. treat within 3 hours
2. surgical repair of aneurysm, remove blood
3. NO BLOODTHINNERS
QUESTION
what are secondary injuries?
Answer:
Result from additional effects of cerebral edema, hemorrhage, hematoma, cerebral vasospasm,
infection, seizures, ischemia related to systemic factors
QUESTION
what is the pathogenesis of a cerebral aneurysm?
Answer:
weakened artery bulges out and puts pressure on surrounding tissue, may lead or rupture
QUESTION
what is the etiology of a cerebral aneurysm?
Answer:
congenital, HTN, CT, diseases TBI, arterial wall infection
QUESTION
what are the clinical manifestations of a cerebral aneurysm?
Answer:
1. asymptomatic until compress tissue/rupture
2. vision issues, headache, eye pain, neck pain, sudden sever [Show Less]