Final Exam: NR 503/ NR503 Epidemiology: Exam Review | Verified Answers (2023/ 2024 Update) Chamberlain
QUESTION: crude rates
Answer:
apply to
... [Show More] entire population
QUESTION: incidence rates
Answer:
direct measure of how often new cases occur
QUESTION: period prevalence
Answer:
# of cases during a specified time
QUESTION: point prevalence
Answer:
# of cases in specified time / # at risk in specified time
QUESTION: case fatality rate
Answer:
measure of severity of disease. Helpful when designing programs to reduce rate/disparity in population
QUESTION: descriptive studies
Answer:
describes the distribution of disease and events in terms of personal characteristics, geographical distribution, and time
QUESTION: Ethics
Answer:
practices with compassion and respect committed to patient, family, community, and population promoting, advocating, and protecting the rights, health, and safety of the patient.
QUESTION: Fairness
Answer:
the state, condition, or quality of being fair or free of bias or injustice
QUESTION: Internal Validity
Answer:
Whether the study measures what it was supposed to measure
QUESTION: External Validity
Answer:
The generalizability of the results to other populations
QUESTION: Reliability
Answer:
The ability of test results being replicated if the test is repeated
QUESTION: Probability
Answer:
Study of the laws of chance
QUESTION: Sensitivity
Answer:
The tests' ability to yield a positive result when the person actually has the condition, disease, or disorder
QUESTION: Specificity
Answer:
The tests' ability to yield a negative result when the person does not have the condition
QUESTION: Gold Standard
Answer:
Tests with 100% sensitivity and specificity
QUESTION: Positive predictive value
Answer:
Probability the person actually having the disease when the screening test or diagnostic test is positive
QUESTION: Negative Predictive Value (NPV)
Answer:
The probability of the person being free of disease when the screening test or diagnostic test is negative
QUESTION: Clinically significant
Answer:
Referring to results that have clinical significance
QUESTION: Natural history of disease
Answer:
Nature of the disease and how it progresses
QUESTION: primary prevention
Answer:
Interventions aimed at preventing the condition, disorder or disease
QUESTION: secondary prevention
Answer:
Interventions aimed at detecting a disease early in its course
QUESTION: Tertiary prevention
Answer:
Limiting the effects of the disease once it is established
QUESTION: True Positive (TP)
Answer:
Occurs when the test correctly reports disease presence when disease is in fact present
QUESTION: False positive [Show Less]