Which max anterior tooth is most likely to have the longest root length to instrument during endo?
What is the ideal shape of this access prep?
max
... [Show More] canine; oval
Which mandibular anterior tooth is the most prone to endo failure due to a missed second lingual canal?
How should this be avoided?
mandibular lateral incisor (44% have 2 canals); change VERTICAL angulation of the PA radiograph
What percentage of maxillary first premolars have 2 or more canals?
What is average length of these canal spaces?
91%, 20-22 mm
Which mandibular premolar typically displays greater variation in root canal morphology and number of canals?
Mandibular first pm - 27% have 2 canals
Which of the maxillary molars is most likely to have a second canal in the mesial buccal root?
Where is this typically found?
max 1st molar
distal-palatal to MB1
Which mandibular molar is most likely to have 4 root canals?
Where is the 4th canal typically located?
Mandibular first
distal root
clinical diagnostic category in which pulp is symptom free and normally responsive to pulp testing
normal pulp
reversible pulpitis
clinical diagnosis based upon subjective/objective findings indicating that inflammation should resolve and pulp return to normal
symptomatic irreversible pulpitis
inflammed pulp incapable of healing; additional descriptors: lingering pain, thermal pain, spontaneous pain, referred pain
asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis
vital inflammed pulp is incapable of healing; additional descriptors: no clinical symptoms but inflammation produced by caries, caries excavation, trauma, etc.
pulp necrosis
death of dental pulp, usually nonresponsive to pulp testing
previously initiated therapy
tooth previously treated by partial endo (pulpotomy/pulpectomy)
symptomatic apical periodontitis
inflammation, usually of apical periodontium, producing symptoms including painful response to biting/percussion/palpation - may/may not be associated w/ PA radiolucency
asymptomatic apical periodontitis
inflammation and destruction of apical periodontium of pulpal origin, appears as PA radiolucency, WITHOUT clinical symptoms
acute apical abscess
inflammatory rxn to pulpal infection and necrosis w/ rapid onset, spontaneous pain, tendernes to pressure, pus formation, swelling of associated tissues
chronic apical abscess
inflammatory rxn to pulpal infection and necrosis characterized by gradual onset, little to no discomfort, intermittent discharge of pus through associated sinus tract
condensing osteitis
diffuse radiopaque lesion representing localized bony reaction to low grade inflammatory stimulus, usually seen at apex of tooth
apical scar
dense collagenous tissue near appex w/ radiolucent presentation; form of repaive usually associated with RCT tooth, and having perforation of both facial and lingual osseous cortices; NONVITAL tooth
radicular cyst
occurs in a preexisting granuloma, seldom is painful, radiolucency at apex of NONVITAL tooth
cementoma
AKA periapical cemental dysplasia - frequently at anterior region of mandible, starts as radiolucent lesion and then calcified - DOES NOT affect pulp vitality
traumatic bone cyst
not a true cyst (no epithelial lining), mostly found in young people, asymptomatic, radioluency that scallops roots, VITAL teeth
lateral periodontal cyst
arising form cystic degeneration of clear cells of dental lamina - VITAL TOOTH
ameloblastoma
benign, locally aggressive tumor arising from odontogenic ectoderm; multilocular radiolucencies, extensive root resorption, mandible 4X more than maxilla [Show Less]