Purpose of the CPSI Course?
For CPSI to be able to:
-IDENTIFY hazards
-RANK hazards by injury potential
-APPLY knowledge to remove hazards and
... [Show More] establish a system of inspections
(Page 11, CPSI Course Manual)
Desired outcome?
A CPSI is capable of establishing a system of REPAIR, RETROFIT, and REMOVAL of hazardous equipment and establishing a routine inspection system for their playground(s)
(Page 11, CPSI Course Manual)
How long is a CPSI certification valid after you pass the exam?
Three years
(Page 14, CPSI Course Manual)
Exam questions are taken from the following sources:
- The Consumer Product Safety Commission's (CPSC) Public Playground Safety Handbook
- The ASTM F1487 Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Playground Equipment for Public Use
-ASTM F2223 Standard Guide for ASTM Standards on Playground Surfacing
-Playground Safety is No Accident
(Page 19, CPSI Course Manual)
ASTM
American Society for Testing and Materials International
ADA
Americans with Disabilities Act
-2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design
Entanglement
a piece of clothing or net/string wraps around the neck and causes strangulation
Entrapment
one part of the body can pass through an opening, but another cannot; head can go through, shoulders can't, can cause strangulation
Falls
usually onto the play surface, sometimes onto other equipment (impalement, etc)
Impact
something else falling on a child, loose play equipment or another child
IPEMA
International Play Equipment Manufacturer's Association
NPCAI
International Playground Contractor's Association
NEISS
National Electronic Injury Surveillance System
NRPA
National Recreation and Park Association
Pre-School Users
2-5 years old
School-Age Users
5-12 years old
CPSC
US Consumer Product Safety Commission
A comprehensive program of playground safety includes:
-Audits
-Inspections
-Maintenance
First piece of equipment recommended to be removed for safety reasons?
Giant Stride
First Edition of the CPSC Public Playground Safety Handbook?
1981
Current Edition of the CPSC Public Playground Safety Handbook?
2010
Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Playground Equipment for Public Use
ASTM F1487-17
Major U.S. Organizations concerned with Playground Safety?
-NRPA
-IPEMA
-NPCAI
Impact Attenuation of Surface Materials within Use Zone of Play Equipment
ASTM F1292-17
Test Method for Accessibility on Safety Surfacing for Playgrounds
ASTM F1951
Guide for ASTM Standards on Playground Surfacing
ASTM F2223
Engineered Wood Fiber Safety Surfacing
ASTM F2075
Only State to mandate playground inspections?
CA
Enforcement of a legal _______ in all other states.
Standard of Care
Is there a Federal playground safety law for the entire US?
No
Section of 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design that identifies criteria for design, construction and alteration of public play areas
Section 1008
Standards and Guidelines for Hazard Identification come from:
- National Injury Data (NEISS)
-Industry Experience
-Risk Management and Litigation
-Anthropometrics
Function of a Play Environment is to help a child develop...
-Physically
-Cognitively
-Socially
-Emotionally
Target of ASTM Guidelines
Reduce life-threatening and debilitating injuries
Target of CPSC Guidelines
Create a safer environment for all children and contribute to the reduction of playground-related deaths and injuries
Number of Children through age of 12 in the U.S. in 2015
50.5 Million
Number of playground injuries (trips to the ER) from 2009-2014
243,200
Number of playground deaths from 2009-2014
34
Most common cause of injury on public playgrounds?
Falls
Percent of injuries caused by falls
79%
Age group with highest percentage of injuries
Ages 5-9 (51%)
#1 Cause of Death and Seriously Debilitating Injury on Playgrounds
Entanglement
#2 Cause of Death and Seriously Debilitating Injury on Playgrounds
Falls
#3 Cause of Death and Seriously Debilitating Injury on Playgrounds
Head and Neck Entrapment
#4 Cause of Death and Seriously Debilitating Injury on Playgrounds
Impact
Factors that contribute to Public Playground Injuries
-improper use/poor supervision
-poor maintenance
-inappropriate design
-installation errors
-site planning issues
CPSI Program Vision is that all playgrounds will offer...
-accessible, safe and challenging environment to play
-age appropriate equipment and activities
-compliance with standards and guidelines
-children having fun!
Hazard priority level is based on three factors...
-Possibility
-Probability
-Consequence
Hazard Priority Scale
1. Permanent disability, loss of life or body part
2. Serious injury
3. Minor Injury
4. Potential for injury very minimal
5. Existing condition is compliant
When do you need to rectify a Priority 1 hazard?
Immediately
When do you need to rectify a Priority 2 hazard?
As soon as possible
When do you need to rectify a Priority 3 hazard?
When time permits
When do you need to rectify a Priority 4 hazard?
If it worsens
When do you need to rectify a Priority 5 hazard?
No action needed
Which set of guidelines does the Hazard Identification Section come from?
ASTM F1487
Range of users covered by ASTM F1487 and CPSC?
5th Percentile 2 year old - 95th percentile 12 year old
What types of equipment does ASTM F1487 exclude?
-Residential equipment
-Athletic equipment
-Contained play equipment
-Amusement Park equipment
-Fitness equipment for ages 13+
-Toys
ASTM F1487-17 Age Ranges
Pre-School Age (2-5)
School Age (5-12)
CPSC Age Ranges
Pre-School Age (2-5)
School Age (5-12)
Toddlers (6-23 months)
CPSC Guidelines for Good Playground Supervision
-Understand the basics of playground safety
-Be aware that not all equipment is appropriate for children of all ages
-Realize that pre-school children require greater supervision
-Look for posted signage
-Look for and report unsafe and unsanitary conditions
Equipment not recommended for Public Playgrounds
-Animal Swings
-Swinging gates and doors
-Trapeze bars
-Trampolines
-Free-swinging exercise rings
For overhead swinging rings the length of the chain must not exceed ____________. Overall length must not exceed ____________.
7", 15"
CPSC 2010 - Play equipment not recommended for Pre-School (2-5) users
-Free-standing Arch Climbers
-Free-standing Flexible Climbers
-Fulcrum seesaws
-Parallel bars
CPSC 1997 - Play equipment not recommended for Pre-School (2-5) users
-Log Rolls
-Track Rides
-Vertical sliding poles
-Spiral Slides >360 degrees
CPSC General Playground Considerations
1. Site Selection - travel patterns, well-drained
2. Sun Exposure/Shading - potential burn warnings
CPSC Playground Layout Guidelines
1. Accessibility (surfacing ASTM F1951 compliant)
2. Age Separation
3. Sight Lines
4. Conflicting Activities (for fencing see ASTM F2049)
There must be no overhead obstructions within _______ above each designated play surface, use zone, and pivot point of swings.
84"
For swings, the lowest edge of the roofline is ____________.
X+42" (X=distance from pivot point to surfacing)
Materials must have a record of _______________________. (ASTM)
durability [Show Less]