CPSI Exam 173 Questions with Verified Answers
ASTM F1487-17 - CORRECT ANSWER Consumer safety performance specifications for public playground
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ASTM F1292 - CORRECT ANSWER Impact attenuation of surfacing materials within use zones
ASTM F2223 - CORRECT ANSWER Guide for ASTM standards on playground surfacing
ASTM F1951 - CORRECT ANSWER Accessibility test method requirements for surfacing under and around equipment
Only state that mandates playground inspections - CORRECT ANSWER California
All playgrounds installed after (this year) must be compliant by (this year) - CORRECT ANSWER 1990, 2005
ASTM standards based on these four criteria - CORRECT ANSWER National injury data, industry experience, risk management and litigation data, anthropometrics
Risk v Hazard - CORRECT ANSWER Challenge mentally/physically vs something unknown to child
play environment develops children in these four ways - CORRECT ANSWER Physically, cognitively, socially, emotionally
What percent of overall playground hospitalization injuries occur in children 0-9? - CORRECT ANSWER 77%
Top causes of playground injuries - CORRECT ANSWER Falls (79%), Impact (11%), Misc (10%)
Top causes of death/debilitating injury - CORRECT ANSWER Entanglement (top), falls, head/neck entrapment, impact
5 factors contributing to playground injuries - CORRECT ANSWER Poor maintenance, improper use, inappropriate design, installation errors, site planning issues
ASTM F1487 age range and percentiles - CORRECT ANSWER 5th percentile 2yo to 95th percentile 12yo
ASTM F1487 EXCLUDES... - CORRECT ANSWER Residential play equipment, athletic equipment, contained play equipment, amusement park equipment, toys, fitness equipment (13+), benches/tables/etc outside use zone
Professional Judgement - CORRECT ANSWER the application of relevant training, knowledge, and experience in making informed decisions. ASTM F1487 section 3 and CPSC 1.8.
CPSC involves playground (what) not part of ASTM guidelines - CORRECT ANSWER Supervision
4 parts of site selection - CORRECT ANSWER Travel patterns, sun exposure, hazards, slopes/drainage
6 parts of playground layout - CORRECT ANSWER Accessibility, age separation, conflicting activities, sight lines, signage, supervision
Play equipment not recommended (6 items) - CORRECT ANSWER Animal swings, trampolines, swinging gates/doors, trapeze bars, climbing ropes not secured at both ends, heavy metal and multiple occupancy swings
Fastener and hardware material requirements - CORRECT ANSWER Must be corrosion resistant, must not loosen or be removable without tools, must be self-locking
Three types of surfacing - CORRECT ANSWER Loose fill, uniform, composite
Clearance, width, and slope for accessibility surfacing inside use area - CORRECT ANSWER 80" height, 60" width, 1:16 max slope
Circulation Routes - CORRECT ANSWER Must have sufficient space between structures and play equipment, and provide additional routes if overcrowding occurs
Minimum clearance height without overhead obstructions - CORRECT ANSWER 84" above play surface
Use Zone Rule 1 - CORRECT ANSWER 72" use zone extending all directions from piece of equipment
Use Zone Rule 2. Define Complete v Partial. - CORRECT ANSWER Some use zones may overlap. Complete overlap if both structures 30" or less. Partial overlap if either structure is over 30".
Use Zone Rule 3 - CORRECT ANSWER No zone overlap if: vertical rotating equipment with radius >20", motion area of swings, standard rocking equipment, slide exit use zones
Swing use zone: open seat single axis - CORRECT ANSWER Motion area: double distance from pivot point to surface front and back
72" use zone at end of swing set may overlap use zone of swing of the same type
If adjacent to equipment that allows overlap, minimum of 108" spacing
Swing use zone: enclosed seat single axis - CORRECT ANSWER Motion area: double distance from pivot point to top of seat surfacd front and back
72" use zone at end of swing set may overlap use zone of swing of the same type
If adjacent to equipment that allows overlap, minimum of 108" spacing
Swing use zone: T swings - CORRECT ANSWER Motion area: double distance from pivot point to surface (open) or seat (enclosed) front and back
72" use zone at end of swing set may overlap use zone of swing of the same type
If adjacent to equipment that allows overlap, minimum of 108" spacing
30" swing chain clearance even without outside support
Swing use zone: Multiple Axis - CORRECT ANSWER Motion area: distance from pivot point to seat + 72"
72" use zone can overlap if adjacent to other multi axis swing. Otherwise 108" minimum
Swing use zone: Combination Swings - CORRECT ANSWER Combine motion areas of each element to find overall use zones
Use Zone: sitting rocking equipment - CORRECT ANSWER If <30" tall, may overlap at 72"
Use Zone: standing rocking equipment - CORRECT ANSWER 84" use zone with no overlap
Use Zone: Slides - CORRECT ANSWER 72" use zone around slides
Exit use zone = distance from highest point of slide to protective surface (72"1/8" protrusion, it's an entanglement hazard
how far can projections extend perpendicular in non-entanglement zone of slides? - CORRECT ANSWER 1/8" maximum projection
If accessible, bolt ends can only show how many threads? - CORRECT ANSWER maximum 2 threads
projections that increase in size are entanglements hazards if the increase extends (how far) from initial surface with a depth greater than (how deep) - CORRECT ANSWER 1/8" out, 1/8" deep
what is the maximum gap for S hooks? - CORRECT ANSWER 0.04 inches (about the thickness of a dime)
Openings between these sizes can cause strangulation due to head entrapment - CORRECT ANSWER 3.5" and 9"
Entrapment hazards are more likely to be found in playgrounds constructed prior to (this year) - CORRECT ANSWER 1991
Test equipment for entrapment hazard testing - CORRECT ANSWER torso and head probe. Torso probe 5th percentile 2yo, head probe 95th percentile 12yo
Entrapment test method for completely bounded rigid opening - CORRECT ANSWER if small torso probe fits through opening, but head template cannot pass, it's a head entrapment hazard
Entrapment test method for completely bounded non-rigid opening - CORRECT ANSWER similar to rigid openings, but attach pull gauge with 50lb force
Entrapment test method for partially bounded openings - CORRECT ANSWER Insert side A of fish probe vertically down into opening. If vertical sides touch before bottoming out, lay gauge flat and try to insert neck of B end in between bounds. If it can be inserted below where the sides of A touched, it's an entrapment hazard
Crush/Sheer hazards are caused by openings created by (this) - CORRECT ANSWER movement
test equipment for crush/sheer testing - CORRECT ANSWER neoprene rods with a specific hardness rating
neoprene dowel size for crush/sheer testing of 1. roller slides, 2. merry-go-rounds, 3. all others - CORRECT ANSWER 1. 3/16", 2. 5/16", 3. 5/8"
Common material types of suspended hazards - CORRECT ANSWER cables, wires, ropes
suspended hazards must be how many degrees from horizontal, how high, how wide, and what color? - CORRECT ANSWER greater than 45 degrees from horizontal, greater than 84" high, minimum 1" wide, brightly colored
What are the two exceptions to the "no free-swinging ropes or cables" rule - CORRECT ANSWER 1. if 7" or less
2. if attached to a swing
ropes, cables, and chains that are loose enough to overlap can cause this type of hazard - CORRECT ANSWER strangulation/entrapment
If rope is fastened on both sides, it cannot be loose enough to form a loop greater than this perimeter - CORRECT ANSWER 5" perimeter/1.6" diameter
ropes, cables, or chains used to attach devices to ground-level play panels must not be above this maximum height or longer than this maximum length - CORRECT ANSWER 24" above surface, 27" long
Handrails must be available at this step - CORRECT ANSWER first step
handrails must be continuous on both sides if greater than how many treads? - CORRECT ANSWER one tread
handrails need to be between these two heights off of the leading edge of a stair tread - CORRECT ANSWER 22"-38"
rigid handrails need to be between these two diameters...
flexible handrails need to be between these two diameters... - CORRECT ANSWER .95-1.55"
.62"-1.55"
platform definition - CORRECT ANSWER flat surface, intended for greater than one user, allows for free movement
Designated Play Surface definition - CORRECT ANSWER any elevated surface for standing, walking, sitting, climbing, with dimension greater than 2"x2", and less than 30 degrees from horizontal
This probe should not fit through guardrails or barriers - CORRECT ANSWER torso probe
guard rail and barrier requirements for ages 2-5 and ages 5-12 - CORRECT ANSWER ages 2-5: guard rail 20"-30", barrier >30"
ages 5-12: guard rail 30-48", barrier >48"
maximum distance for breaks in barriers or guardrails AND two exceptions - CORRECT ANSWER <=15 inches, 1. when it's stairs, 2. when means of ascent/descent have a top horizontal guard rail
An access component is required if platforms have a vertical height difference greater than (how many inches, ages 2-5 and ages 5-12) - CORRECT ANSWER 12 inches (2-5yo), 18 inches (5-12yo)
at what height do stairway steps have to have a protective barrier? - CORRECT ANSWER greater than 48 inches
Name the two additional requirements for ADA ramps and barriers - CORRECT ANSWER 1. must have continuous handrail on inside of barrier
2. barrier must come within 1" of platform OR have a 2" raised curb
maximum gap size between decking and enclosure (and horizontal gap between edge and rail) on ADA platforms - CORRECT ANSWER 1/2 inch
Roofs must be at or above this height above the underlying designated play surfacing - CORRECT ANSWER 84 inches
For swings, roofs must have a clearance of what distance above the pivot point - CORRECT ANSWER 42 inches
True/False: tree limbs cannot come within the X+42" clearance rule in the use area - CORRECT ANSWER True
When are playground audits typically performed? - CORRECT ANSWER After installation, or after standards/guidelines/laws change
Four steps to take after identifying non-compliance during an inspection - CORRECT ANSWER 1. fix if possible
2. discuss with owner
3. write report, including applicable code sections and ranked priorities
4. establish follow-up procedures
When is caution tape, temporary fencing/barriers, and signed chain link fencing appropriate? - CORRECT ANSWER If hazard can't be removed.
caution tape = short term,
temporary fencing = better short term,
signed chain link = long term
A comprehensive risk management-based playground plan shall identify these four things - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Audits
2. Inspections & Maintenance Programs
3. Safety Policy (establishes standard of care, emphasizes agency's commitment, compels provision of resources, provides decision-making authority)
4. Safety Coordinator (identifies and assigns tasks, ensures inspections are completed and documentation maintained)
Two folders to keep for documentation purposes - CORRECT ANSWER 1. general playground folder (policies, training, etc.)
2. site history folder (info specific to each playground)
Formula for minimum vertical sidewall height on a slide - CORRECT ANSWER Height = 4 - (2Width/Radius)
Guardrail top edge minimum height (2-5 and 5-12) - CORRECT ANSWER 29" (2-5yo), 38" (5-12yo)
Guardrail bottom rail maximum height requirements (2-5 and 5-12) - CORRECT ANSWER 23" (2-5yo), 28" (5-12yo) [Show Less]